{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296350030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184660","title":"Winter Wheat SPAD Value Inversion Based on Multiple Pretreatment Methods","display_name":"Winter Wheat SPAD Value Inversion Based on Multiple Pretreatment Methods","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296350030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184660"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184660","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4660/pdf?version=1663495266","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4660/pdf?version=1663495266","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043454542","display_name":"Lanzhi Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194716290","display_name":"China Academy of Space Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/025397a59","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194716290","https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108914","display_name":"Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrzdp21","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108914","https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138501","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0313jb750","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151987","display_name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lanzhi Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["21st Century Space Technology Application Co., Ltd., Beijing 100096, China","Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China","Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"21st Century Space Technology Application Co., Ltd., Beijing 100096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194716290"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108914","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042781660","display_name":"Maofang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9674-6020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138501","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0313jb750","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151987","display_name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108914","display_name":"Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrzdp21","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108914","https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maofang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108914","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081305410","display_name":"Jingwen Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6153-3519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwen Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085567263","display_name":"Qizhi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-7845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108914","display_name":"Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrzdp21","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108914","https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151987","display_name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138501","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0313jb750","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qizhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108914","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101501252","display_name":"Hua Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-525X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098369","display_name":"Institute of Disaster Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/00pyv1r78","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098369","https://openalex.org/I90149893"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Emergency Management, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Emergency Management, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098369"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042781660"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108914","https://openalex.org/I4210138501","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.1862,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94272861,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"18","first_page":"4660","last_page":"4660"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.5330100655555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-wheat","display_name":"Winter wheat","score":0.4752775728702545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4661283493041992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4012778401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.33914288878440857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.15056928992271423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.5330100655555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018661444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6977574","display_name":"Winter wheat","level":2,"score":0.4752775728702545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4661283493041992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4012778401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33914288878440857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.15056928992271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184660","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4660/pdf?version=1663495266","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c1d8534f4eeb4227b2d70a291eceae29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c1d8534f4eeb4227b2d70a291eceae29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 18, p 4660 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/18/4660/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184660","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 18; Pages: 4660","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184660","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4660/pdf?version=1663495266","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310972","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323155","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0313jb750"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296350030.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296350030.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51106753","https://openalex.org/W1966558041","https://openalex.org/W1966675249","https://openalex.org/W1983279516","https://openalex.org/W1988269748","https://openalex.org/W1998053851","https://openalex.org/W2000613913","https://openalex.org/W2007329733","https://openalex.org/W2007440415","https://openalex.org/W2007939589","https://openalex.org/W2008283621","https://openalex.org/W2011010318","https://openalex.org/W2019349143","https://openalex.org/W2025967407","https://openalex.org/W2030106896","https://openalex.org/W2030629076","https://openalex.org/W2036003376","https://openalex.org/W2039604550","https://openalex.org/W2042358730","https://openalex.org/W2056352756","https://openalex.org/W2057687252","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2075021380","https://openalex.org/W2078996926","https://openalex.org/W2080333585","https://openalex.org/W2080968121","https://openalex.org/W2089441588","https://openalex.org/W2091493105","https://openalex.org/W2098188176","https://openalex.org/W2109006150","https://openalex.org/W2111947859","https://openalex.org/W2114535331","https://openalex.org/W2128438912","https://openalex.org/W2129483042","https://openalex.org/W2137608957","https://openalex.org/W2157760685","https://openalex.org/W2158755893","https://openalex.org/W2159961845","https://openalex.org/W2161765830","https://openalex.org/W2161815745","https://openalex.org/W2163410149","https://openalex.org/W2166516660","https://openalex.org/W2248139498","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2373160890","https://openalex.org/W2755091472","https://openalex.org/W3016095210","https://openalex.org/W3041746328","https://openalex.org/W3042854295","https://openalex.org/W3201706071","https://openalex.org/W4210630919","https://openalex.org/W4210663264","https://openalex.org/W4319289039","https://openalex.org/W4385529325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W4230131218","https://openalex.org/W2404757046","https://openalex.org/W2385371209","https://openalex.org/W4250051149","https://openalex.org/W2083270190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SPAD":[0,60,96,137,201,267,332],"value":[1,61,97,202,268],"was":[2,132,212],"measured":[3],"by":[4,51,219],"a":[5,47],"portable":[6],"chlorophyll":[7,14],"instrument,":[8],"which":[9,65,324],"can":[10,42,174,233,325],"reflect":[11],"the":[12,59,71,88,91,105,119,125,136,140,161,177,182,187,196,200,215,220,235,255,262,266,274,282,284,287,289,295,298,304,327,331],"relative":[13],"content":[15],"of":[16,39,62,67,78,110,144,163,181,189,199,222,239,265,316,330],"vegetation":[17],"well.":[18],"Chlorophyll":[19],"is":[20,66,244,258,277,308,311,320],"an":[21],"important":[22],"organic":[23],"chemical":[24],"substance":[25],"in":[26,46,98,155,168,207,270],"plants":[27],"that":[28,160,214,254],"acquires":[29],"and":[30,74,94,114,139,179,205,229,237,242,294],"transmits":[31],"energy":[32],"during":[33],"photosynthesis.":[34],"The":[35,157,250],"continuous":[36],"spectral":[37,92,116,165,191,216],"curve":[38],"winter":[40,63,79,85],"wheat":[41,86],"be":[43],"obtained":[44],"rapidly":[45],"specific":[48],"band":[49],"range":[50],"using":[52],"hyperspectral":[53],"remote":[54],"sensing":[55],"technology":[56],"to":[57,70,134,261,318],"estimate":[58,135],"wheat,":[64],"great":[68],"significance":[69],"growth":[72,100,151,209,248],"monitoring":[73],"yield":[75],"estimation":[76,142,197,256,291,306,328],"research":[77,89],"wheat.":[80],"In":[81,185],"this":[82,169,302],"study,":[83],"with":[84],"as":[87,104,121,171],"object,":[90],"data":[93,106,111,120,192,217],"corresponding":[95],"different":[99,145,150,208],"stages":[101,152],"were":[102,153,203],"used":[103],"source,":[107],"20":[108,190],"kinds":[109],"preprocessing":[112],"spectra":[113],"sensitive":[115,164,260],"indices":[117,166],"set":[118,162],"model":[122,131,141,146,257,290,299,305],"input":[123,147,172],"values,":[124],"partial":[126],"least":[127],"square":[128],"regression":[129],"(PLSR)":[130],"established":[133],"value,":[138],"results":[143,158,198,251],"values":[148,173],"at":[149],"compared":[154,204],"detail.":[156],"showed":[159,253],"selected":[167],"study":[170],"effectively":[175],"improve":[176,234],"accuracy":[178,236,292,307],"stability":[180,238],"PLSR":[183,240],"model.":[184],"addition,":[186],"effects":[188],"pretreatment":[193],"methods":[194],"on":[195],"analyzed":[206],"stages.":[210,249],"It":[211],"found":[213],"pretreated":[218],"combination":[221],"wavelet":[223],"packet":[224],"denoising,":[225],"first-order":[226],"derivative":[227],"transformation":[228],"principal":[230],"component":[231],"analysis":[232],"model,":[241],"it":[243],"suitable":[245],"for":[246],"all":[247],"also":[252],"highly":[259],"standard":[263,275],"deviation":[264,276,319],"(STDchl)":[269],"sample":[271],"sets.":[272],"When":[273],"greater":[278,312,321],"than":[279,313,322],"5.5":[280],"SPAD,":[281],"larger":[283],"STDchl":[285],"is,":[286,293],"higher":[288,309],"more":[296],"stable":[297],"is.":[300],"At":[301],"time,":[303],"(R2V":[310],"0.5,":[314],"ratio":[315],"performance":[317],"1.4),":[323],"meet":[326],"requirements":[329],"value.":[333]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-02-24T08:05:00.420983","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
