{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296456625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184632","title":"Multi-Source Remote Sensing Pretraining Based on Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning","display_name":"Multi-Source Remote Sensing Pretraining Based on Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296456625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184632"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184632","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4632/pdf?version=1663568277","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4632/pdf?version=1663568277","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012068914","display_name":"Chenfang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2838-1306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenfang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101409444","display_name":"Hao Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1314-4957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041829815","display_name":"Yanjie Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-8222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082887216","display_name":"Gangyao Kuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-889X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gangyao Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101409444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.9216,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87275195,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"18","first_page":"4632","last_page":"4632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7842113971710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6495564579963684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5114044547080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46774059534072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.4456595778465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4352865219116211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3278515338897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7842113971710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6495564579963684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5114044547080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46774059534072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.4456595778465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4352865219116211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3278515338897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184632","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4632/pdf?version=1663568277","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:200e1672c7f54d54a97eee39978e1a21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/200e1672c7f54d54a97eee39978e1a21","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 18, p 4632 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/18/4632/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14184632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184632","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4632/pdf?version=1663568277","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1570160752","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971426","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296456625.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296456625.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114517082","https://openalex.org/W1584663654","https://openalex.org/W1731081199","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1912954554","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2140797190","https://openalex.org/W2176287621","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2401246392","https://openalex.org/W2515866431","https://openalex.org/W2592962403","https://openalex.org/W2783651538","https://openalex.org/W2810454813","https://openalex.org/W2889945482","https://openalex.org/W2900827014","https://openalex.org/W2923136550","https://openalex.org/W2943214363","https://openalex.org/W2948012107","https://openalex.org/W2990873191","https://openalex.org/W3000436394","https://openalex.org/W3005680577","https://openalex.org/W3007766931","https://openalex.org/W3010622813","https://openalex.org/W3020128252","https://openalex.org/W3035060554","https://openalex.org/W3035524453","https://openalex.org/W3035725276","https://openalex.org/W3041133507","https://openalex.org/W3092603779","https://openalex.org/W3105577662","https://openalex.org/W3108655343","https://openalex.org/W3114632476","https://openalex.org/W3127148410","https://openalex.org/W3135506515","https://openalex.org/W3144483443","https://openalex.org/W3171007011","https://openalex.org/W3175184835","https://openalex.org/W3184840388","https://openalex.org/W3188717957","https://openalex.org/W3205917238","https://openalex.org/W3206249243","https://openalex.org/W4226359564","https://openalex.org/W4280537264","https://openalex.org/W4287028988","https://openalex.org/W4292794000","https://openalex.org/W6637618735","https://openalex.org/W6750109254","https://openalex.org/W6779326418","https://openalex.org/W6789888147"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201126466","https://openalex.org/W4282827391","https://openalex.org/W3165580226","https://openalex.org/W3147584709","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W3135401135","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W2977677679","https://openalex.org/W2886688859","https://openalex.org/W4386828785"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SAR-optical":[0,17,63,76,106,154],"images":[1,18,107,155],"from":[2,47],"different":[3,80],"sensors":[4],"can":[5,108,148],"provide":[6],"consistent":[7],"information":[8],"for":[9,42,62,179],"scene":[10],"classification.":[11,65],"However,":[12],"the":[13,56,69,86,96,104,110,124,127,131,140,150,157,171],"utilization":[14],"of":[15,50,58,72,153,162,173],"unlabeled":[16,51],"in":[19],"deep":[20],"learning-based":[21],"remote":[22],"sensing":[23],"image":[24],"interpretation":[25],"remains":[26],"an":[27],"open":[28],"issue.":[29],"In":[30],"recent":[31],"years,":[32],"contrastive":[33,70],"self-supervised":[34,112],"learning":[35,98],"(CSSL)":[36],"methods":[37],"have":[38],"shown":[39],"great":[40],"potential":[41],"obtaining":[43],"meaningful":[44],"feature":[45],"representations":[46],"massive":[48],"amounts":[49],"data.":[52],"This":[53],"paper":[54],"investigates":[55],"effectiveness":[57],"CSSL-based":[59],"pretraining":[60],"models":[61],"remote-sensing":[64],"Firstly,":[66],"we":[67,101,138],"analyze":[68],"strategies":[71],"single-source":[73],"and":[74],"multi-source":[75,97],"data":[77],"augmentation":[78],"under":[79],"CSSL":[81,87,128,132,141],"architectures.":[82],"We":[83,168],"find":[84,102,169],"that":[85,103,147,170],"framework":[88,129,133],"without":[89,114,144],"explicit":[90],"negative":[91,115,135,145],"sample":[92],"selection":[93],"naturally":[94],"fits":[95],"problem.":[99],"Secondly,":[100],"registered":[105],"guide":[109],"Siamese":[111],"network":[113,143,176],"samples":[116,146],"to":[117,156,165],"learn":[118,149],"shared":[119,151],"features,":[120],"which":[121],"is":[122,177],"also":[123],"reason":[125],"why":[126],"outperforms":[130],"with":[134],"samples.":[136],"Finally,":[137],"apply":[139],"pretrained":[142,175],"features":[152],"downstream":[158,180],"domain":[159],"adaptation":[160],"task":[161],"optical":[163],"transfer":[164],"SAR":[166],"images.":[167],"choice":[172],"a":[174],"important":[178],"tasks.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}