{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293715565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174268","title":"The Effect of Error Non-Orthogonality on Triple Collocation Analyses","display_name":"The Effect of Error Non-Orthogonality on Triple Collocation Analyses","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293715565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174268"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14174268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174268","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/17/4268/pdf?version=1662458780","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/17/4268/pdf?version=1662458780","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059788360","display_name":"J. Vogelzang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-8705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309140791","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfgh554","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791","https://openalex.org/I331567899","https://openalex.org/I4210140876"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jur Vogelzang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-8705","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031868643","display_name":"Ad Stoffelen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4018-4073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309140791","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfgh554","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791","https://openalex.org/I331567899","https://openalex.org/I4210140876"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ad Stoffelen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4018-4073","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037775715","display_name":"Anton Verhoef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5383-9086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309140791","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05dfgh554","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791","https://openalex.org/I331567899","https://openalex.org/I4210140876"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Verhoef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5383-9086","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031868643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309140791"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":2.0596,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8598097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"17","first_page":"4268","last_page":"4268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonality","display_name":"Orthogonality","score":0.8741944432258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameterized-complexity","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","score":0.5798976421356201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collocation","display_name":"Collocation (remote sensing)","score":0.5648991465568542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5386341214179993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.4526784121990204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42518192529678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.42375072836875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.33054888248443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2398892343044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.22496217489242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.15205499529838562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17137986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215067","display_name":"Orthogonality","level":2,"score":0.8741944432258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.5798976421356201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80023036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147531","display_name":"Collocation (remote sensing)","level":2,"score":0.5648991465568542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5386341214179993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4526784121990204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42518192529678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.42375072836875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.33054888248443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2398892343044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.22496217489242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.15205499529838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14174268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174268","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/17/4268/pdf?version=1662458780","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0b196f042067404791b26996e6309ca8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0b196f042067404791b26996e6309ca8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 17, p 4268 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/17/4268/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14174268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 17; Pages: 4268","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14174268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174268","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/17/4268/pdf?version=1662458780","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326483","display_name":"European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293715565.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969645208","https://openalex.org/W2077511076","https://openalex.org/W2110231645","https://openalex.org/W2155444674","https://openalex.org/W2159063497","https://openalex.org/W2408088859","https://openalex.org/W2594280090","https://openalex.org/W2800822478","https://openalex.org/W2892124003","https://openalex.org/W2909481090","https://openalex.org/W3025949386","https://openalex.org/W3125393463","https://openalex.org/W4206288280","https://openalex.org/W4281778691","https://openalex.org/W4285095173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051058708","https://openalex.org/W154868527","https://openalex.org/W1494268238","https://openalex.org/W1983207144","https://openalex.org/W2490706771","https://openalex.org/W2480116122","https://openalex.org/W1976468483","https://openalex.org/W1516574938","https://openalex.org/W2563912921","https://openalex.org/W2407611282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Triple":[0],"collocation":[1],"analysis":[2],"is":[3,37,48,63],"an":[4,70],"established":[5],"technique":[6],"for":[7,18],"calculating":[8],"the":[9,50,56,59,84,91,102,107],"relative":[10],"linear":[11],"intercalibration":[12],"coefficients":[13,93],"and":[14,25],"observation":[15,30,51,103],"error":[16,35,67,87,104],"variances":[17,105],"physical":[19],"quantities":[20],"measured":[21],"simultaneously":[22],"in":[23],"space":[24],"time":[26],"by":[27],"three":[28],"different":[29],"systems.":[31],"A":[32],"simple":[33],"parameterized":[34],"model":[36],"used.":[38],"It":[39],"relies":[40],"on":[41,101],"a":[42,97],"few":[43],"assumptions,":[44],"one":[45],"of":[46,55,58,77,86,106],"which":[47],"that":[49,83],"errors":[52],"are":[53],"independent":[54],"magnitude":[57],"observed":[60],"quantities.":[61],"This":[62],"referred":[64],"to":[65],"as":[66],"orthogonality.":[68],"Using":[69],"ocean":[71],"surface":[72],"vector":[73],"winds":[74],"data":[75],"set":[76],"44,948":[78],"collocations,":[79],"this":[80],"study":[81],"shows":[82],"violation":[85],"orthogonality":[88],"does":[89],"affect":[90],"calibration":[92],"but":[94],"has":[95],"only":[96],"small":[98],"second-order":[99],"effect":[100],"calibrated":[108],"data.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2022-08-31T00:00:00"}