{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292553506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164047","title":"Assessing Surface Urban Heat Island Related to Land Use/Land Cover Composition and Pattern in the Temperate Mountain Valley City of Kathmandu, Nepal","display_name":"Assessing Surface Urban Heat Island Related to Land Use/Land Cover Composition and Pattern in the Temperate Mountain Valley City of Kathmandu, Nepal","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292553506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14164047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4047/pdf?version=1660904139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4047/pdf?version=1660904139","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058865173","display_name":"Siri Karunaratne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siri Karunaratne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan","Land Use Policy Planning Department, Ministry of Lands, Colombo 00500, Sri Lanka"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Land Use Policy Planning Department, Ministry of Lands, Colombo 00500, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032560932","display_name":"Darshana Athukorala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3490-7474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darshana Athukorala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059202900","display_name":"Yuji Murayama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-6882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuji Murayama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102820348","display_name":"Takehiro Morimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-5933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takehiro Morimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058865173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.2118,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75192934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"16","first_page":"4047","last_page":"4047"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-heat-island","display_name":"Urban heat island","score":0.8162702322006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/megacity","display_name":"Megacity","score":0.7733979225158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.7601785659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5755288600921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-climate","display_name":"Urban climate","score":0.5722664594650269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.5705339312553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperate-climate","display_name":"Temperate climate","score":0.5439460277557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.5374138355255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.516818106174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"Urban planning","score":0.4826217591762543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4824236333370209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.47084900736808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.42590415477752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.10624286532402039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.08659392595291138}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54005896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215712","display_name":"Urban heat island","level":2,"score":0.8162702322006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127040729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174844","display_name":"Megacity","level":2,"score":0.7733979225158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.7601785659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5755288600921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158049464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075337","display_name":"Urban climate","level":3,"score":0.5722664594650269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.5705339312553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81461190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167466","display_name":"Temperate climate","level":2,"score":0.5439460277557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.5374138355255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.516818106174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.4826217591762543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4824236333370209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.47084900736808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.42590415477752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.10624286532402039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.08659392595291138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14164047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4047/pdf?version=1660904139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c1dd03221b84c9d8d42535ef0269041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c1dd03221b84c9d8d42535ef0269041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 16, p 4047 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/16/4047/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14164047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 16; Pages: 4047","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14164047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4047/pdf?version=1660904139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5256887504","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6200965661","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21K01027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7752643416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Japan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G817873853","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18H00763","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292553506.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292553506.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W900078586","https://openalex.org/W1518769661","https://openalex.org/W1822828960","https://openalex.org/W1965865770","https://openalex.org/W1968163062","https://openalex.org/W1970284607","https://openalex.org/W1976845186","https://openalex.org/W1976951906","https://openalex.org/W1981939599","https://openalex.org/W1984811700","https://openalex.org/W1993666473","https://openalex.org/W1998940448","https://openalex.org/W2002418488","https://openalex.org/W2003716960","https://openalex.org/W2006273284","https://openalex.org/W2011883278","https://openalex.org/W2015150705","https://openalex.org/W2017414772","https://openalex.org/W2018645898","https://openalex.org/W2020984538","https://openalex.org/W2021384056","https://openalex.org/W2028529111","https://openalex.org/W2030737358","https://openalex.org/W2035510690","https://openalex.org/W2036670520","https://openalex.org/W2038125488","https://openalex.org/W2054489659","https://openalex.org/W2060041035","https://openalex.org/W2064591862","https://openalex.org/W2068618591","https://openalex.org/W2074398030","https://openalex.org/W2077065917","https://openalex.org/W2079988556","https://openalex.org/W2082780011","https://openalex.org/W2088490117","https://openalex.org/W2089944219","https://openalex.org/W2090976648","https://openalex.org/W2092800344","https://openalex.org/W2095466094","https://openalex.org/W2098242653","https://openalex.org/W2102182928","https://openalex.org/W2130042267","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2139531445","https://openalex.org/W2144977235","https://openalex.org/W2155632266","https://openalex.org/W2161241309","https://openalex.org/W2162307041","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2266902344","https://openalex.org/W2298346024","https://openalex.org/W2499244238","https://openalex.org/W2519191861","https://openalex.org/W2554470513","https://openalex.org/W2555144457","https://openalex.org/W2562050469","https://openalex.org/W2575409114","https://openalex.org/W2584823719","https://openalex.org/W2589306140","https://openalex.org/W2602900933","https://openalex.org/W2606629393","https://openalex.org/W2611408664","https://openalex.org/W2655325265","https://openalex.org/W2750061358","https://openalex.org/W2751583757","https://openalex.org/W2758840490","https://openalex.org/W2760974709","https://openalex.org/W2801635335","https://openalex.org/W2809482745","https://openalex.org/W2893904867","https://openalex.org/W2920119670","https://openalex.org/W2946051956","https://openalex.org/W2957223569","https://openalex.org/W2972648591","https://openalex.org/W2973100497","https://openalex.org/W2986069417","https://openalex.org/W3028467358","https://openalex.org/W3037593061","https://openalex.org/W3042944556","https://openalex.org/W3045961881","https://openalex.org/W3089328437","https://openalex.org/W3112193924","https://openalex.org/W3118707281","https://openalex.org/W3123472445","https://openalex.org/W3128632546","https://openalex.org/W3132796585","https://openalex.org/W3145825143","https://openalex.org/W3155457004","https://openalex.org/W3155676895","https://openalex.org/W3173269983","https://openalex.org/W3196941571","https://openalex.org/W3199930896","https://openalex.org/W3206315677","https://openalex.org/W3209137148","https://openalex.org/W6673577707","https://openalex.org/W6762553576","https://openalex.org/W6767801347"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358667206","https://openalex.org/W2027212350","https://openalex.org/W2765244828","https://openalex.org/W3024096187","https://openalex.org/W2041203867","https://openalex.org/W4293686883","https://openalex.org/W2794157523","https://openalex.org/W3014868556","https://openalex.org/W4221115110","https://openalex.org/W1974493897"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rapid":[0],"urban":[1,16,20,33,56,79,84,100,123,214,268,279,379],"growth":[2],"has":[3,166],"coincided":[4],"with":[5,267,350],"a":[6,119,274,283,300,313,325],"substantial":[7],"change":[8],"in":[9,27,71,91,122,142,172,219,242,254,330,354,357,361,384],"the":[10,25,28,32,39,53,59,67,72,81,87,94,114,129,143,156,162,169,173,208,213,220,235,243,248,255,278,290,310,320,331,335,351],"environment,":[11],"including":[12,188],"vegetation,":[13],"soil,":[14],"and":[15,43,86,99,111,136,161,181,200,203,216,259,277,345,365,381],"climate.":[17],"The":[18,223,296],"surface":[19,60,115,138,209,228,287,327,369],"heat":[21],"island":[22],"(UHI)":[23],"is":[24,36,62,104,153,265],"temperature":[26,139],"lowest":[29],"layers":[30],"of":[31,55,66,83,89,96,148,155,158,285,292,303,316],"atmosphere;":[34],"it":[35,45,152],"critical":[37],"to":[38,47,106,113,168,206,240,252,334,363,367],"surface\u2019s":[40],"energy":[41],"balance":[42],"makes":[44],"possible":[46],"determine":[48],"internal":[49],"climates":[50],"that":[51,226,342],"affect":[52],"livability":[54],"residents.":[57],"Therefore,":[58,356],"UHI":[61,116,210,229,328,370],"recognized":[63],"as":[64],"one":[65,154],"crucial":[68],"global":[69],"issues":[70],"21st":[73],"century.":[74],"This":[75,126,339],"phenomenon":[76],"affects":[77],"sustainable":[78,97,378],"planning,":[80,101],"health":[82],"residents,":[85],"possibility":[88],"living":[90],"cities.":[92],"In":[93,233],"context":[95],"landscapes":[98],"more":[102],"weight":[103],"given":[105],"exploring":[107],"solutions":[108],"for":[109,178,377],"mitigating":[110],"adapting":[112],"effect,":[117],"currently":[118],"hot":[120],"topic":[121],"thermal":[124],"environments.":[125],"study":[127,184,221,340,373],"evaluated":[128],"relationship":[130],"between":[131],"land":[132,137],"use/land":[133],"cover":[134],"(LULC)":[135],"(LST)":[140],"formation":[141],"temperate":[144],"mountain":[145,385],"valley":[146,386],"city":[147,297,311,336],"Kathmandu,":[149],"Nepal,":[150],"because":[151],"megacities":[157],"South":[159],"Asia,":[160],"recent":[163],"population":[164],"increase":[165],"led":[167],"rapid":[170],"urbanization":[171],"valley.":[174],"Using":[175],"Landsat":[176],"images":[177],"2000,":[179,234],"2013,":[180],"2020,":[182,263],"this":[183,372],"employed":[185],"several":[186],"approaches,":[187],"machine":[189],"learning":[190],"techniques,":[191],"remote":[192],"sensing":[193],"(RS)-based":[194],"parameter":[195],"analysis,":[196,199],"urban-rural":[197,293],"gradient":[198,294],"spatial":[201],"composition":[202,344],"pattern":[204,346],"analysis":[205],"explore":[207],"effect":[211,230,329],"from":[212,309],"expansion":[215,272],"green":[217,304],"space":[218,305],"area.":[222,338],"results":[224],"revealed":[225],"Kathmandu\u2019s":[227],"was":[231],"remarkable.":[232],"higher":[236,314],"mean":[237,249,352],"LST":[238,250,353],"tended":[239,251],"be":[241],"city\u2019s":[244],"core":[245,280,298,337],"area,":[246],"whereas":[247],"move":[253],"east,":[256],"south,":[257],"north,":[258],"west":[260],"directions":[261],"by":[262],"which":[264],"compatible":[266],"expansion.":[269],"Urban":[270],"periphery":[271,332],"showed":[273,282],"continuous":[275],"enlargement,":[276],"area":[281],"predominance":[284],"impervious":[286],"(IS)":[288],"on":[289],"basis":[291],"analysis.":[295],"had":[299],"lower":[301,326],"density":[302,315],"(GS),":[306],"while":[307],"away":[308],"center,":[312],"GS":[317],"predominated":[318],"at":[319],"three":[321],"time":[322],"points,":[323],"showing":[324],"compared":[333],"reveals":[341],"landscape":[343,382],"are":[347],"significantly":[348],"correlated":[349],"Kathmandu.":[355,389],"discussing":[358],"these":[359],"findings":[360],"order":[362],"mitigate":[364],"adapt":[366],"prominent":[368],"effects,":[371],"provides":[374],"valuable":[375],"information":[376],"planning":[380],"design":[383],"cities":[387],"like":[388]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2022-08-22T00:00:00"}
