{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293817071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164018","title":"Analysis of Annual Deformation Characteristics of Xilongchi Dam Using Historical GPS Observations","display_name":"Analysis of Annual Deformation Characteristics of Xilongchi Dam Using Historical GPS Observations","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293817071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14164018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4018/pdf?version=1660814404","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4018/pdf?version=1660814404","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013417183","display_name":"Ruijie Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-610X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruijie Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","Hainan Institute, Wuhan University of Technology, Innovation Road, Sanya 572025, China","School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hainan Institute, Wuhan University of Technology, Innovation Road, Sanya 572025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101925405","display_name":"Yuhan Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-9108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003507248","display_name":"Qusen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0068-0141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qusen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019208828","display_name":"Weiping Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3267-9682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100724652","display_name":"Yan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7349-1344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607135","display_name":"Simin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2098-3844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003507248"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.7362,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95507147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"16","first_page":"4018","last_page":"4018"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.7736102342605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.6397466063499451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.6319410800933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.5642136335372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.5178483128547668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4709055423736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annual-cycle","display_name":"Annual cycle","score":0.4408641755580902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-basin","display_name":"Structural basin","score":0.4122542142868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.41164153814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3895909786224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.27853286266326904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.1640692949295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11182057857513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.10707691311836243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09155920147895813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.7736102342605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.6397466063499451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.6319410800933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.5642136335372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5178483128547668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4709055423736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114148465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4769685","display_name":"Annual cycle","level":2,"score":0.4408641755580902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.4122542142868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.41164153814315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3895909786224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.27853286266326904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.1640692949295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11182057857513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.10707691311836243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09155920147895813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14164018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4018/pdf?version=1660814404","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4fcfa38e259447a7986613777180a9f6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4fcfa38e259447a7986613777180a9f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 16, p 4018 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/16/4018/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14164018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 16; Pages: 4018","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14164018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14164018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/16/4018/pdf?version=1660814404","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1526260227","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WUT: 2022IVA035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2303097509","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Geodesy","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324116","funder_display_name":"Wuhan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2870525900","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Wuhan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3786745975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Wuhan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4234682767","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20-02-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5506423455","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022EJD010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6350428230","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20-02-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6873130893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42004017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7056415110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WUT: 2022IVA035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7242752463","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022EJD010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7608752429","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Talent","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7614477874","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42004017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324116","funder_display_name":"Wuhan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7708993893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42004017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8669376534","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20-02-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336733","funder_display_name":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324116","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336733","display_name":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293817071.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293817071.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972333006","https://openalex.org/W1974618482","https://openalex.org/W1977171297","https://openalex.org/W1981743838","https://openalex.org/W1984984876","https://openalex.org/W1986316936","https://openalex.org/W1987122244","https://openalex.org/W1997722977","https://openalex.org/W2006005267","https://openalex.org/W2010861759","https://openalex.org/W2014051387","https://openalex.org/W2021769331","https://openalex.org/W2033520595","https://openalex.org/W2052102110","https://openalex.org/W2054512912","https://openalex.org/W2063708478","https://openalex.org/W2067511244","https://openalex.org/W2067549325","https://openalex.org/W2073390790","https://openalex.org/W2078873923","https://openalex.org/W2082524457","https://openalex.org/W2088352625","https://openalex.org/W2091736036","https://openalex.org/W2128072226","https://openalex.org/W2143998445","https://openalex.org/W2157920889","https://openalex.org/W2158496467","https://openalex.org/W2285506989","https://openalex.org/W2351157990","https://openalex.org/W2617627823","https://openalex.org/W2789794234","https://openalex.org/W2802748322","https://openalex.org/W2803103179","https://openalex.org/W2921801040","https://openalex.org/W2940644801","https://openalex.org/W3000957087","https://openalex.org/W3117346578","https://openalex.org/W3123326209","https://openalex.org/W3154621976","https://openalex.org/W4220704921","https://openalex.org/W4283833772","https://openalex.org/W6667203462","https://openalex.org/W6674003294","https://openalex.org/W6695879771"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3113091479","https://openalex.org/W2162899405","https://openalex.org/W941090075","https://openalex.org/W2044987316","https://openalex.org/W3134374554","https://openalex.org/W2237480245","https://openalex.org/W2075065631","https://openalex.org/W2519167559","https://openalex.org/W4311248832","https://openalex.org/W2391956340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"Positioning":[1],"System":[2],"(GPS)":[3],"has":[4,81],"been":[5],"confirmed":[6],"to":[7,12,62,135,156],"be":[8,121,154,212],"a":[9,31,56,82,125],"feasible":[10],"tool":[11],"measure":[13],"displacement":[14],"of":[15,27,30,87,151,189,198],"civil":[16],"engineering":[17],"structures.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"paper,":[21],"we":[22],"report":[23],"on":[24,77],"an":[25],"analysis":[26],"annual":[28,67,118,169,180,216],"deformations":[29],"pumped-storage":[32],"power":[33],"station":[34,127,192],"dam":[35,80],"using":[36,48],"historical":[37],"GPS":[38,57],"observations.":[39],"Data":[40],"spanning":[41],"more":[42],"than":[43,104],"nine":[44],"years":[45],"are":[46,107,133,222],"resolved":[47],"the":[49,74,78,117,142,186,190,195,199,225,230],"GAMIT":[50],"(GPS":[51],"at":[52,112,194],"MIT)":[53],"software,":[54],"and":[55,66,90,95,131,158,229],"time-series":[58],"method":[59],"is":[60,71,139,176,183],"employed":[61],"extract":[63],"linear":[64,83],"trends":[65],"cycle":[68],"signals.":[69],"It":[70],"evident":[72],"that":[73,147,175,203],"monument":[75,129],"located":[76,193],"main":[79],"trend,":[84],"with":[85,101,171,179,209],"rates":[86],"1.0":[88],"mm/yr":[89,92],"1.8":[91],"in":[93,109,161,185],"east":[94,196],"up":[96],"directions,":[97],"respectively.":[98],"Annual":[99],"cycles":[100],"amplitudes":[102],"larger":[103],"0.5":[105],"mm":[106,173],"shown":[108],"coordinate":[110],"components":[111],"all":[113],"monitoring":[114,126,137,191],"stations.":[115],"However,":[116],"amplitude":[119,174],"can":[120],"30\u201384%":[122],"lower":[123],"when":[124],"whose":[128],"materials":[130],"height":[132],"similar":[134],"other":[136],"stations":[138],"chosen":[140],"as":[141],"reference":[143],"station.":[144],"This":[145,201],"suggests":[146,202],"differential":[148],"thermal":[149],"expansion":[150],"monuments":[152],"could":[153,211],"30%":[155],"80%":[157],"even":[159],"higher":[160],"baseline":[162,231],"time":[163,232],"series.":[164,233],"A":[165],"spurious":[166],"offset":[167],"style":[168],"signal":[170],"5":[172],"highly":[177],"correlated":[178,208],"temperature":[181,210],"variance":[182],"observed":[184,223],"east\u2013west":[187],"direction":[188],"side":[197],"reservoir.":[200],"upper":[204],"ground":[205],"layer":[206],"movement":[207],"responsible":[213],"for":[214],"these":[215],"cycles.":[217],"Meanwhile,":[218],"no":[219],"periodic":[220],"correlations":[221],"between":[224],"water":[226],"level":[227],"data":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}