{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285804132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14143403","title":"Monitoring the Distribution and Variations of City Size Based on Night-Time Light Remote Sensing: A Case Study in the Yangtze River Delta of China","display_name":"Monitoring the Distribution and Variations of City Size Based on Night-Time Light Remote Sensing: A Case Study in the Yangtze River Delta of China","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285804132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14143403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14143403","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14143403","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/14/3403/pdf?version=1657881810","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/14/3403/pdf?version=1657881810","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082135377","display_name":"Yuan Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-4606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022406060","display_name":"Jia Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4266-269X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100658097","display_name":"Yingbao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3092-5683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yingbao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100554905","display_name":"Wenyu Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyu Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014850055","display_name":"Songxiu Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songxiu Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100606633","display_name":"Xin Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0130-9301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100419835","display_name":"Yong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-0950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089621","display_name":"Chizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/007cx7r28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089621"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geography and Planning, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China","School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geography and Planning, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089621"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101960348","display_name":"Jingjing Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9905-2972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091784428","display_name":"Kai Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-4942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China","School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100658097"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.7909,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6939851,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"14","first_page":"3403","last_page":"3403"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta","display_name":"Delta","score":0.6280412077903748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.5260700583457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.503600537776947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.49455782771110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yangtze-river","display_name":"Yangtze river","score":0.49102163314819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4736774265766144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.4469534158706665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4140980541706085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.1782369315624237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09227943420410156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5072461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49506","display_name":"Delta","level":2,"score":0.6280412077903748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.5260700583457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.503600537776947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.49455782771110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018003528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5413","display_name":"Yangtze river","level":3,"score":0.49102163314819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4736774265766144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4469534158706665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4140980541706085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1782369315624237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09227943420410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14143403","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14143403","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/14/3403/pdf?version=1657881810","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df9d6b963c4c4b35b77f72f329991d69","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df9d6b963c4c4b35b77f72f329991d69","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 14, p 3403 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/14/3403/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14143403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 14; Pages: 3403","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14143403","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14143403","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/14/3403/pdf?version=1657881810","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2030376154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2384797469","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B210201013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3190007680","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3910829908","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5476631443","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7111272327","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B200202017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7579353166","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B220203008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G770456615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Funds","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7945564409","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20190495","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8951484681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321605","display_name":"Government of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/004svx814"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285804132.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285804132.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W336935097","https://openalex.org/W1588282782","https://openalex.org/W1973343762","https://openalex.org/W1977091958","https://openalex.org/W1983564473","https://openalex.org/W1985083166","https://openalex.org/W1991871367","https://openalex.org/W1991995284","https://openalex.org/W2001075407","https://openalex.org/W2016943428","https://openalex.org/W2025411670","https://openalex.org/W2025943354","https://openalex.org/W2039963844","https://openalex.org/W2049643747","https://openalex.org/W2075722067","https://openalex.org/W2077279407","https://openalex.org/W2082291024","https://openalex.org/W2086204545","https://openalex.org/W2088001257","https://openalex.org/W2102490841","https://openalex.org/W2110069065","https://openalex.org/W2141409967","https://openalex.org/W2142487694","https://openalex.org/W2226798190","https://openalex.org/W2317739826","https://openalex.org/W2529139408","https://openalex.org/W2573866540","https://openalex.org/W2757842640","https://openalex.org/W2804286618","https://openalex.org/W2901909541","https://openalex.org/W2905908047","https://openalex.org/W2911995594","https://openalex.org/W2920919916","https://openalex.org/W3124543786","https://openalex.org/W4250850035","https://openalex.org/W6652568572","https://openalex.org/W6657196232","https://openalex.org/W6662703912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364139172","https://openalex.org/W2377808188","https://openalex.org/W2360242884","https://openalex.org/W2364071958","https://openalex.org/W2381531667","https://openalex.org/W2360419609","https://openalex.org/W2358373474","https://openalex.org/W2374467398","https://openalex.org/W2383322449","https://openalex.org/W2370428053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Effectively":[0],"monitoring":[1,289],"the":[2,11,20,61,69,72,78,85,91,107,114,124,129,141,152,159,161,166,169,180,187,201,207,211,220,228,244,251,269,277,284,290,296],"size":[3,26,89,118,213,248,255,294],"of":[4,14,74,106,128,168,189,197,233,236,246,253,272,279,288,305],"a":[5,38,215],"city":[6,25,88,117,212,247,254,293],"in":[7,24,37,66,87,90,116,219,292],"real":[8],"time":[9],"enables":[10],"scientific":[12],"planning":[13],"urban":[15,95,132,234,273,297],"development.":[16],"Models":[17],"that":[18,186,196,227],"utilize":[19],"distribution":[21,167],"and":[22,40,68,77,126,146,200,261,286],"variations":[23,115,291],"generally":[27],"use":[28],"population":[29,110,259,306],"data":[30,111,138,149,260,271],"as":[31],"inputs,":[32],"which":[33,184,282],"cannot":[34],"be":[35,50],"obtained":[36],"timely":[39],"rapid":[41],"manner.":[42],"However,":[43,176],"night-time":[44],"light":[45],"(NTL)":[46],"remote":[47,101,302],"sensing":[48,102,303],"may":[49],"an":[51],"alternative":[52],"method.":[53],"A":[54],"case":[55],"study":[56,92,221],"was":[57,192,204],"carried":[58],"out":[59],"on":[60,99,151,158,243,268],"Yangtze":[62],"River":[63],"Delta":[64],"(YRD)":[65],"China,":[67],"rank\u2013size":[70,181],"rule,":[71],"law":[73],"primate":[75,170],"cities,":[76,199],"Gini":[79],"coefficient":[80],"were":[81,103,134],"employed":[82],"to":[83,112,121,174],"monitor":[84],"variation":[86],"area.":[93,222],"The":[94],"areas":[96,133,235,274,298],"extracted":[97,135,299],"based":[98,150,267],"NTL":[100,137,301],"utilized":[104],"instead":[105,304],"traditionally":[108],"used":[109],"evaluate":[113],"from":[119,136,172,257,300],"2012":[120,173],"2017.":[122,175],"Considering":[123],"empiricism":[125],"subjectivity":[127],"thresholding":[130],"method,":[131],"combined":[139],"with":[140,264,276],"normalized":[142],"differential":[143],"vegetation":[144],"index":[145],"land-surface":[147],"temperature":[148],"artificial":[153],"neural":[154],"network":[155],"algorithm.":[156],"Based":[157],"results,":[160],"YRD":[162],"did":[163],"not":[164],"fit":[165],"cities":[171,191,239],"this":[177,280],"region":[178],"satisfied":[179],"rule":[182],"well,":[183],"indicated":[185],"development":[188],"medium\u2013small":[190],"more":[193],"prominent":[194],"than":[195,206],"larger":[198,205],"dispersed":[202],"force":[203],"concentrated":[208],"force.":[209],"Notably,":[210],"reached":[214],"relatively":[216,229],"balanced":[217],"level":[218],"Further,":[223],"sensitivity":[224],"analysis":[225],"revealed":[226],"low":[230],"extraction":[231],"accuracy":[232],"few":[237],"small":[238],"had":[240],"little":[241],"effect":[242],"results":[245,265,278],"variations.":[249],"Moreover,":[250],"validation":[252],"computed":[256],"statistical":[258,270],"its":[262],"comparison":[263],"calculated":[266],"aligned":[275],"study,":[281],"indicates":[283],"rationality":[285],"applicability":[287],"using":[295],"data.":[307]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2022-07-19T00:00:00"}