{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283754238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133149","title":"Seasonal Variation in Microphysical Characteristics of Precipitation at the Entrance of Water Vapor Channel in Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon","display_name":"Seasonal Variation in Microphysical Characteristics of Precipitation at the Entrance of Water Vapor Channel in Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283754238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14133149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133149","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/3149/pdf?version=1656657821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/3149/pdf?version=1656657821","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428092","display_name":"Ran Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1526-0182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101652800","display_name":"Gaili Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-4960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gaili Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050589736","display_name":"Renran Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renran Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458636","display_name":"Jingyi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-284X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100352440","display_name":"Liping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-7236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101652800"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.8269,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83373473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"13","first_page":"3149","last_page":"3149"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.747879683971405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monsoon","display_name":"Monsoon","score":0.7349492311477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disdrometer","display_name":"Disdrometer","score":0.7104035019874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6818004250526428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.6278210878372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.5540444850921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plateau","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","score":0.542432963848114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monsoon-of-south-asia","display_name":"Monsoon of South Asia","score":0.4219590723514557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2835686206817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rain-gauge","display_name":"Rain gauge","score":0.23569649457931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.2036978006362915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10781088471412659}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.747879683971405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136996986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42967","display_name":"Monsoon","level":2,"score":0.7349492311477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116810829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230193","display_name":"Disdrometer","level":4,"score":0.7104035019874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6818004250526428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.6278210878372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5540444850921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.542432963848114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146213904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737100","display_name":"Monsoon of South Asia","level":3,"score":0.4219590723514557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2835686206817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120961793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190052","display_name":"Rain gauge","level":3,"score":0.23569649457931519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2036978006362915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10781088471412659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14133149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133149","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/3149/pdf?version=1656657821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0e698741aa7a476789de487b166ab0fb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0e698741aa7a476789de487b166ab0fb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 13, p 3149 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/13/3149/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 13; Pages: 3149","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14133149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133149","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/3149/pdf?version=1656657821","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283754238.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283754238.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1905663664","https://openalex.org/W1964365576","https://openalex.org/W1967757502","https://openalex.org/W1977070284","https://openalex.org/W1994162645","https://openalex.org/W2014329115","https://openalex.org/W2015267292","https://openalex.org/W2030293362","https://openalex.org/W2031735949","https://openalex.org/W2034563918","https://openalex.org/W2049984165","https://openalex.org/W2051550098","https://openalex.org/W2055218499","https://openalex.org/W2062906507","https://openalex.org/W2073396232","https://openalex.org/W2088135986","https://openalex.org/W2112737090","https://openalex.org/W2112977101","https://openalex.org/W2128558788","https://openalex.org/W2142140026","https://openalex.org/W2156040521","https://openalex.org/W2157122224","https://openalex.org/W2173031829","https://openalex.org/W2175901758","https://openalex.org/W2177746725","https://openalex.org/W2178415932","https://openalex.org/W2179586571","https://openalex.org/W2264255388","https://openalex.org/W2392475833","https://openalex.org/W2597988443","https://openalex.org/W2606759216","https://openalex.org/W2610090103","https://openalex.org/W2763577999","https://openalex.org/W2766944531","https://openalex.org/W2791512898","https://openalex.org/W2908620319","https://openalex.org/W2911535408","https://openalex.org/W2912765457","https://openalex.org/W2969960137","https://openalex.org/W2996655008","https://openalex.org/W3083608462","https://openalex.org/W3093250210","https://openalex.org/W3107187304","https://openalex.org/W3125377846","https://openalex.org/W3134726717","https://openalex.org/W3136649700","https://openalex.org/W3158224054","https://openalex.org/W3170542227","https://openalex.org/W3206469194","https://openalex.org/W6685305959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378193044","https://openalex.org/W2967356071","https://openalex.org/W2370957135","https://openalex.org/W2385349104","https://openalex.org/W2374005918","https://openalex.org/W2597407381","https://openalex.org/W2035786879","https://openalex.org/W2362988154","https://openalex.org/W2362202060","https://openalex.org/W1968097879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"M\u00eadog":[0,48,202,249],"is":[1,93,129,151,167,250],"located":[2],"at":[3],"the":[4,7,12,21,31,38,79,109,119,123,133,138,146,178,189,192,197,215,239,243,254,259,265],"entrance":[5],"of":[6,90,157,217,238,246,262],"water":[8],"vapor":[9],"channel":[10],"in":[11,41,47,78,95,103,118,132,137,145,201,229,242,248],"Yarlung":[13],"Zangbo":[14],"Grand":[15],"Canyon":[16],"(YGC).":[17],"This":[18,35,166],"area":[19],"has":[20,203],"largest":[22],"annual":[23],"accumulated":[24],"rainfall":[25,73,144,200],"totals":[26],"and":[27,71,76,83,148,160,173,195,208,221,258],"precipitation":[28,227,247,260],"frequency":[29],"on":[30,50,264],"Tibetan":[32],"Plateau":[33],"(TP).":[34],"paper":[36],"investigates":[37],"seasonal":[39,240],"variation":[40,241],"raindrop":[42],"size":[43],"distribution":[44],"(DSD)":[45],"characteristics":[46,63,245],"based":[49],"disdrometer":[51],"observations":[52],"from":[53],"1":[54],"July":[55],"2019":[56],"to":[57,170],"30":[58],"June":[59],"2020.":[60],"The":[61,86,142,184],"DSD":[62],"are":[64,232],"examined":[65],"under":[66],"six":[67],"rain":[68,222],"rate":[69,223],"classes":[70],"two":[72],"types":[74,228],"(stratiform":[75],"convective)":[77],"winter,":[80],"premonsoon,":[81],"monsoon":[82,96,134,147,181],"postmonsoon":[84,149],"periods.":[85,141],"highest":[87],"(lowest)":[88],"concentration":[89,156],"small":[91],"raindrops":[92,101],"observed":[94],"(winter)":[97],"precipitation,":[98],"whereas":[99],"large":[100],"predominate":[102],"premonsoon":[104,193,198],"precipitation.":[105],"For":[106],"stratiform":[107],"rainfall,":[108],"mean":[110,112,124,206,211],"mass-weighted":[111],"diameter":[113],"(Dm)":[114],"exhibits":[115],"overlooked":[116],"differences":[117],"four":[120],"periods,":[121],"while":[122],"normalized":[125],"intercept":[126],"parameter":[127],"(Nw)":[128],"significantly":[130],"higher":[131],"period":[135],"than":[136],"other":[139],"three":[140],"convective":[143,199],"periods":[150,231],"characterized":[152],"by":[153,177],"a":[154,204,209],"high":[155],"limited-size":[158],"drops":[159],"can":[161],"be":[162],"classified":[163],"as":[164],"maritime-like.":[165],"probably":[168],"attributed":[169],"abundant":[171],"warm":[172],"humid":[174],"airflow":[175],"transported":[176],"Indian":[179],"Ocean":[180],"into":[182],"M\u00eadog.":[183],"westerly":[185],"winds":[186],"prevail":[187],"over":[188],"TP":[190],"during":[191],"period,":[194],"thereby":[196],"larger":[205],"Dm":[207],"lower":[210],"Nw.":[212],"In":[213],"addition,":[214],"relationships":[216],"radar":[218],"reflectivity":[219],"Z":[220],"R":[224],"for":[225,252],"different":[226,230],"also":[233],"derived.":[234],"A":[235],"better":[236],"understanding":[237],"microphysical":[244,255],"important":[251],"improving":[253],"parameterization":[256],"scheme":[257],"forecast":[261],"models":[263],"TP.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2022-07-02T00:00:00"}