{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283370461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14132997","title":"Self-Supervised Assisted Semi-Supervised Residual Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification","display_name":"Self-Supervised Assisted Semi-Supervised Residual Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283370461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14132997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14132997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14132997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/2997/pdf?version=1655966174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/2997/pdf?version=1655966174","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043575604","display_name":"Liangliang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-727X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangliang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-727X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053487344","display_name":"Zhixi Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-9180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhixi Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Decision and Cognitive Innovation Center, State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, Beijing 100048, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-9180","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Decision and Cognitive Innovation Center, State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100764373","display_name":"Shuyuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-5737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuyuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Decision and Cognitive Innovation Center, State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, Beijing 100048, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Decision and Cognitive Innovation Center, State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017790584","display_name":"Xinyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5011-5768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5011-5768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050630882","display_name":"Licheng Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3354-9617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Licheng Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artifical Intelligentce, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053487344"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":3.0139,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92335035,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"13","first_page":"2997","last_page":"2997"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9539999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7189026474952698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6991081833839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.687879204750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.5838585495948792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5763673186302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5701279640197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.4939728379249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4543322026729584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.42650705575942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1912112832069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.07071620225906372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7189026474952698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6991081833839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.687879204750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.5838585495948792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5763673186302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5701279640197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.4939728379249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4543322026729584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.42650705575942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1912112832069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.07071620225906372}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14132997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14132997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/2997/pdf?version=1655966174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e5ae8fd3aeff41c0a8a6d27176554a1b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e5ae8fd3aeff41c0a8a6d27176554a1b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 13, p 2997 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/13/2997/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14132997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14132997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14132997","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/13/2997/pdf?version=1655966174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1474490597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111 Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G339156801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020CFA001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5111323382","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61906145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7555217171","display_name":"\u9690\u7a7a\u95f4\u7a00\u758f\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5148\u9a8c\u4e0b\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u538b\u7f29\u611f\u77e5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771376","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8433512880","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020CFA001, China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8690032252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771380","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283370461.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283370461.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521436688","https://openalex.org/W1966580635","https://openalex.org/W1976027628","https://openalex.org/W1990895816","https://openalex.org/W2009286595","https://openalex.org/W2029316659","https://openalex.org/W2030476695","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2103094532","https://openalex.org/W2114819256","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2153409933","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2345059010","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2614256707","https://openalex.org/W2761781479","https://openalex.org/W2764276316","https://openalex.org/W2766594578","https://openalex.org/W2767892373","https://openalex.org/W2782517596","https://openalex.org/W2888715336","https://openalex.org/W2894165434","https://openalex.org/W2914331134","https://openalex.org/W2921106195","https://openalex.org/W2928260953","https://openalex.org/W2940678725","https://openalex.org/W2948157022","https://openalex.org/W2953070460","https://openalex.org/W2964159205","https://openalex.org/W2978426779","https://openalex.org/W2998460251","https://openalex.org/W2998951762","https://openalex.org/W3016145562","https://openalex.org/W3099850646","https://openalex.org/W3103753223","https://openalex.org/W3130228707","https://openalex.org/W3133271982","https://openalex.org/W3158275457","https://openalex.org/W3172902538","https://openalex.org/W3196410189","https://openalex.org/W3216860461","https://openalex.org/W6652555363","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6733814495","https://openalex.org/W6762913911","https://openalex.org/W6791014476","https://openalex.org/W6800799079","https://openalex.org/W6804650247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W4230131218","https://openalex.org/W2070598848","https://openalex.org/W2044184146","https://openalex.org/W4313014865","https://openalex.org/W2904870937","https://openalex.org/W2116862786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,45,112,165],"the":[2,23,114],"scarcity":[3],"and":[4,27,57,78,108,126,142,154],"high":[5],"cost":[6],"of":[7,117,150],"labeled":[8],"hyperspectral":[9],"image":[10],"(HSI)":[11],"samples,":[12],"many":[13],"deep":[14],"learning":[15],"methods":[16],"driven":[17],"by":[18,87],"massive":[19],"data":[20,90],"cannot":[21],"achieve":[22],"intended":[24],"expectations.":[25],"Semi-supervised":[26],"self-supervised":[28,43,60,80,98],"algorithms":[29],"have":[30],"advantages":[31],"in":[32,48],"coping":[33],"with":[34],"this":[35],"phenomenon.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"primarily":[39],"concentrates":[40],"on":[41,132],"applying":[42],"strategies":[44],"make":[46],"strides":[47],"semi-supervised":[49,62,77,83],"HSI":[50,68,89,124],"classification.":[51,69],"Notably,":[52],"we":[53],"design":[54],"an":[55,145],"effective":[56],"a":[58,76,79,93],"unified":[59],"assisted":[61],"residual":[63],"network":[64],"(SSRNet)":[65],"framework":[66],"for":[67],"The":[70,82,97],"SSRNet":[71,119,160],"contains":[72],"two":[73,101],"branches,":[74],"i.e.,":[75],"branch.":[81],"branch":[84,99],"improves":[85],"performance":[86],"introducing":[88],"perturbation":[91],"via":[92],"spectral":[94,109],"feature":[95],"shift.":[96],"characterizes":[100],"auxiliary":[102],"tasks,":[103],"including":[104,136],"masked":[105],"bands":[106],"reconstruction":[107],"order":[110],"forecast,":[111],"memorize":[113],"discriminative":[115],"features":[116],"HSI.":[118],"can":[120,161],"better":[121],"explore":[122],"unlabeled":[123],"samples":[125],"improve":[127],"classification":[128,148],"performance.":[129],"Extensive":[130],"experiments":[131],"four":[133],"benchmarks":[134],"datasets,":[135],"Indian":[137],"Pines,":[138],"Pavia":[139],"University,":[140],"Salinas,":[141],"Houston2013,":[143],"yield":[144],"average":[146],"overall":[147],"accuracy":[149],"81.65%,":[151],"89.38%,":[152],"93.47%":[153],"83.93%,":[155],"which":[156],"sufficiently":[157],"demonstrate":[158],"that":[159],"exceed":[162],"expectations":[163],"compared":[164],"state-of-the-art":[166],"methods.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T09:21:30.201066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}