{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281261006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102458","title":"Maize Yield Estimation in Intercropped Smallholder Fields Using Satellite Data in Southern Malawi","display_name":"Maize Yield Estimation in Intercropped Smallholder Fields Using Satellite Data in Southern Malawi","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281261006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102458"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14102458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102458","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2458/pdf?version=1653538643","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2458/pdf?version=1653538643","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008705468","display_name":"Chengxiu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-804X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chengxiu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084926477","display_name":"Ellasy Gulule Chimimba","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157591606","display_name":"University of Malawi","ror":"https://ror.org/04vtx5s55","country_code":"MW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800088668","display_name":"Malawi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/027vmhf17","country_code":"MW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800088668"]}],"countries":["MW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ellasy Gulule Chimimba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Malawi, Zomba P.O. Box 280, Malawi","Ndata School of Climate and Earth Sciences, Malawi University of Science and Technology, Thyolo, Limbe P.O. Box 5196, Malawi"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Malawi, Zomba P.O. Box 280, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ndata School of Climate and Earth Sciences, Malawi University of Science and Technology, Thyolo, Limbe P.O. Box 5196, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800088668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024103253","display_name":"Oscar Kambombe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-4662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157591606","display_name":"University of Malawi","ror":"https://ror.org/04vtx5s55","country_code":"MW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]}],"countries":["MW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Kambombe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Malawi, Zomba P.O. Box 280, Malawi"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Malawi, Zomba P.O. Box 280, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075418773","display_name":"Luke A. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4807-9056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luke A. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009387276","display_name":"Tendai Polite Chibarabada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5187-9017"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tendai Polite Chibarabada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zimbabwe Sugar Association Experiment Station, Chiredzi P. Bag 7006, Zimbabwe"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zimbabwe Sugar Association Experiment Station, Chiredzi P. Bag 7006, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032732145","display_name":"Yang Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0029-9749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Water Security Regulation and Control for Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China","School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Water Security Regulation and Control for Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012684468","display_name":"Daniela Anghileri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-8593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Anghileri","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085172298","display_name":"Cosmo Ngongondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-1260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157591606","display_name":"University of Malawi","ror":"https://ror.org/04vtx5s55","country_code":"MW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]}],"countries":["MW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cosmo Ngongondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Malawi, Zomba P.O. Box 280, Malawi"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Malawi, Zomba P.O. Box 280, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017270088","display_name":"Justin Sheffield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2400-0630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin Sheffield","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060314690","display_name":"Jadunandan Dash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5444-2109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jadunandan Dash","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008705468"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":6.8282,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97261678,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"2458","last_page":"2458"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12403","display_name":"Seed and Plant Biochemistry","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercropping","display_name":"Intercropping","score":0.6836971044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","score":0.5956032276153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5707530975341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5606456995010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"Leaf area index","score":0.48349860310554504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-yield","display_name":"Crop yield","score":0.4799628257751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-variability","display_name":"Spatial variability","score":0.46456849575042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.40506741404533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34714406728744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32113516330718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3025583028793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2282114326953888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.11844921112060547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781208722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853859","display_name":"Intercropping","level":2,"score":0.6836971044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5956032276153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5707530975341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5606456995010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.48349860310554504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4799628257751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.46456849575042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.40506741404533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34714406728744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32113516330718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3025583028793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2282114326953888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11844921112060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14102458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102458","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2458/pdf?version=1653538643","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:467918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102458>).","pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/467918/1/remotesensing_14_02458_v3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:08a5070532ae4b5aac608c20ba246304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/08a5070532ae4b5aac608c20ba246304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 10, p 2458 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/10/2458/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14102458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 10; Pages: 2458","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:usir.salford.ac.uk:65372","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/65372/1/remotesensing-14-02458-v3.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401501","display_name":"University of Salford Institutional Repository (University of Salford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I54459138","host_organization_name":"University of Salford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14102458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102458","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2458/pdf?version=1653538643","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3252188723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/P021093/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5550571334","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/P021093/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5593329141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/P021093/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331674","display_name":"Global Challenges Research Fund","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281261006.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281261006.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598104905","https://openalex.org/W1968496754","https://openalex.org/W1977290837","https://openalex.org/W1986072339","https://openalex.org/W1987997875","https://openalex.org/W2000102737","https://openalex.org/W2004641330","https://openalex.org/W2012686349","https://openalex.org/W2019369625","https://openalex.org/W2023336635","https://openalex.org/W2034085189","https://openalex.org/W2034664307","https://openalex.org/W2056352756","https://openalex.org/W2059155959","https://openalex.org/W2082201041","https://openalex.org/W2102478133","https://openalex.org/W2113410727","https://openalex.org/W2116563724","https://openalex.org/W2121470454","https://openalex.org/W2125230412","https://openalex.org/W2128438912","https://openalex.org/W2137608957","https://openalex.org/W2144023308","https://openalex.org/W2149813070","https://openalex.org/W2159961845","https://openalex.org/W2161612845","https://openalex.org/W2169383877","https://openalex.org/W2202019762","https://openalex.org/W2262752710","https://openalex.org/W2321989211","https://openalex.org/W2588316148","https://openalex.org/W2604242181","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2742109465","https://openalex.org/W2751549785","https://openalex.org/W2754574979","https://openalex.org/W2754935226","https://openalex.org/W2765643508","https://openalex.org/W2800719853","https://openalex.org/W2884526666","https://openalex.org/W2886454194","https://openalex.org/W2886775386","https://openalex.org/W2888414707","https://openalex.org/W2896114128","https://openalex.org/W2913500366","https://openalex.org/W2924708804","https://openalex.org/W2943149585","https://openalex.org/W2943472941","https://openalex.org/W2944794516","https://openalex.org/W2945365803","https://openalex.org/W2946844285","https://openalex.org/W2953807054","https://openalex.org/W2964087232","https://openalex.org/W2967884295","https://openalex.org/W2977267463","https://openalex.org/W2983376237","https://openalex.org/W2987822860","https://openalex.org/W2995825648","https://openalex.org/W2997126863","https://openalex.org/W2997981133","https://openalex.org/W2998349956","https://openalex.org/W3012717404","https://openalex.org/W3024022789","https://openalex.org/W3032501872","https://openalex.org/W3037054039","https://openalex.org/W3043480203","https://openalex.org/W3120007553","https://openalex.org/W3135933075","https://openalex.org/W3151453990","https://openalex.org/W3185173557","https://openalex.org/W3191020239","https://openalex.org/W4200343123","https://openalex.org/W6658928019","https://openalex.org/W6681399304","https://openalex.org/W6762493413","https://openalex.org/W6766779976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1637794350","https://openalex.org/W4283823904","https://openalex.org/W2369027389","https://openalex.org/W2370033537","https://openalex.org/W2347716780","https://openalex.org/W4318612131","https://openalex.org/W2770816632","https://openalex.org/W4384993287","https://openalex.org/W2988597427","https://openalex.org/W3036058492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Satellite":[0],"data":[1,65,82,103,125,196,291],"provide":[2],"high":[3],"potential":[4,62],"for":[5,279,317],"estimating":[6,67,301],"crop":[7,33],"yield,":[8,106],"which":[9],"is":[10,39],"crucial":[11],"to":[12,58,119,269],"understanding":[13],"determinants":[14],"of":[15,32,44,63,159,233,300,313],"yield":[16,34,69,121,181,282,302],"gaps":[17],"and":[18,35,51,74,84,93,111,128,132,240,309],"therefore":[19],"improving":[20],"food":[21],"production,":[22],"particularly":[23],"in":[24,41,66,70,101,206,261,284,292,303,321],"sub-Saharan":[25],"Africa":[26],"(SSA)":[27],"regions.":[28],"However,":[29],"accurate":[30],"assessment":[31],"its":[36],"spatial":[37,83,193],"variation":[38],"challenging":[40],"SSA":[42],"because":[43],"small":[45],"field":[46,53,89],"sizes,":[47],"widespread":[48],"intercropping":[49,94,250,319],"practices,":[50],"inadequate":[52],"observations.":[54],"This":[55,274],"study":[56,145,275],"aimed":[57],"firstly":[59],"evaluate":[60],"the":[61,137,168,172,231,234,256,298,311],"satellite":[64,81,124,195,290,307,315],"maize":[68,180,237,265,281],"intercropped":[71,151,270,285,304],"smallholder":[72,286],"fields":[73,262,271,305],"secondly":[75],"assess":[76],"how":[77],"factors":[78],"such":[79],"as":[80,255],"temporal":[85],"resolution,":[86],"within-field":[87],"variability,":[88],"size,":[90,105],"harvest":[91,109],"index":[92,176],"practices":[95,320],"affect":[96],"model":[97,169,253,257],"performance.":[98],"Having":[99],"collected":[100],"situ":[102],"(field":[104],"intercrops":[107],"occurrence,":[108],"index,":[110],"leaf":[112],"area":[113],"index),":[114],"statistical":[115],"models":[116],"were":[117,134,150],"developed":[118],"predict":[120],"from":[122,166],"multisource":[123],"(i.e.,":[126],"Sentinel-2":[127,173],"PlanetScope).":[129],"Model":[130],"accuracy":[131,184,220],"residuals":[133,258],"assessed":[135],"against":[136],"above":[138],"factors.":[139],"Among":[140],"150":[141],"investigated":[142],"fields,":[143,287],"our":[144],"found":[146],"that":[147],"nearly":[148],"half":[149],"with":[152,154,182,263],"legumes,":[153],"an":[155],"average":[156],"plot":[157],"size":[158],"0.17":[160],"ha.":[161],"Despite":[162],"mixed":[163],"pixels":[164],"resulting":[165],"intercrops,":[167],"based":[170],"on":[171],"red-edge":[174],"vegetation":[175],"(VI)":[177],"could":[178],"estimate":[179],"moderate":[183],"(R2":[185,208],"=":[186,189,209,212],"0.51,":[187],"nRMSE":[188,211],"19.95%),":[190],"while":[191],"higher":[192],"resolution":[194],"(e.g.,":[197],"PlanetScope":[198],"3":[199],"m)":[200],"only":[201],"showed":[202],"a":[203,277],"marginal":[204],"improvement":[205],"performance":[207],"0.52,":[210],"19.95%).":[213],"Seasonal":[214],"peak":[215,226],"VI":[216,227],"values":[217,228],"provided":[218],"better":[219],"than":[221],"seasonal":[222],"mean/median":[223],"VI,":[224],"suggesting":[225],"may":[229,241],"capture":[230],"signal":[232],"dominant":[235],"upper":[236],"foliage":[238],"layer":[239],"be":[242],"less":[243],"impacted":[244],"by":[245],"understory":[246],"intercrop":[247],"effects.":[248],"Still,":[249],"practice":[251],"reduces":[252],"accuracy,":[254],"are":[259],"lower":[260],"pure":[264],"(1":[266],"t/ha)":[267],"compared":[268],"(1.3":[272],"t/ha).":[273],"provides":[276],"reference":[278],"operational":[280],"estimation":[283],"using":[288,306],"free":[289],"Southern":[293],"Malawi.":[294],"It":[295],"also":[296],"highlights":[297],"difficulties":[299],"imagery,":[308],"stresses":[310],"importance":[312],"sufficient":[314],"observations":[316],"monitoring":[318],"SSA.":[322]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2022-05-23T00:00:00"}