{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280603403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102321","title":"Wind and Turbulence Statistics in the Urban Boundary Layer over a Mountain\u2013Valley System in Granada, Spain","display_name":"Wind and Turbulence Statistics in the Urban Boundary Layer over a Mountain\u2013Valley System in Granada, Spain","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280603403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102321"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14102321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102321","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2321/pdf?version=1652263892","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2321/pdf?version=1652263892","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030113158","display_name":"Pablo Ortiz-Amezcua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7842-2260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095677","display_name":"Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra","ror":"https://ror.org/00v0g9w49","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210095677"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135200","display_name":"Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04rc9d057","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135200","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4654613","display_name":"University of Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/039bjqg32","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]}],"countries":["ES","PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Ortiz-Amezcua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), 18006 Granada, Spain","Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain","Institute of Geophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw (IGFUW), 02-093 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7842-2260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), 18006 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095677"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw (IGFUW), 02-093 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135200","https://openalex.org/I4654613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033546154","display_name":"Alod\u00eda Mart\u00ednez-Herrera","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alod\u00eda Mart\u00ednez-Herrera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics, University Carlos III, 28903 Getafe, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, University Carlos III, 28903 Getafe, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111159293","display_name":"Antti Manninen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antti J. Manninen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-9189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088361507","display_name":"Pyry Pentik\u00e4inen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pyry P. Pentik\u00e4inen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070201527","display_name":"Ewan O\u2019Connor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9834-5100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285790362","display_name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05hppb561","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284112523","https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["FI","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ewan J. O\u2019Connor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, UK","Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285790362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036392439","display_name":"Juan Lu\u00eds Guerrero-Rascado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-2304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095677","display_name":"Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra","ror":"https://ror.org/00v0g9w49","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210095677"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), 18006 Granada, Spain","Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-2304","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), 18006 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095677"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044723965","display_name":"Lucas Alados\u2010Arboledas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-7167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095677","display_name":"Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra","ror":"https://ror.org/00v0g9w49","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210095677"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Alados-Arboledas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), 18006 Granada, Spain","Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-7167","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA), 18006 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095677"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030113158"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897","https://openalex.org/I4210095677","https://openalex.org/I4210135200","https://openalex.org/I4654613"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.5625,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79887853,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"2321","last_page":"2321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11371","display_name":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11371","display_name":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.6963706016540527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6347219944000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planetary-boundary-layer","display_name":"Planetary boundary layer","score":0.6332970857620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.6046164035797119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.5638512969017029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-profiler","display_name":"Wind profiler","score":0.5536434054374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-layer","display_name":"Boundary layer","score":0.5012352466583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-shear","display_name":"Wind shear","score":0.4701262414455414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daytime","display_name":"Daytime","score":0.45582470297813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-profile-power-law","display_name":"Wind profile power law","score":0.4532164931297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence-kinetic-energy","display_name":"Turbulence kinetic energy","score":0.4486550986766815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-wind-patterns","display_name":"Global wind patterns","score":0.4233439564704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence","display_name":"Turbulence","score":0.38220879435539246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.32576999068260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.26967182755470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.22350859642028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.17136606574058533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.16616734862327576}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.6963706016540527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6347219944000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86338904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757268","display_name":"Planetary boundary layer","level":3,"score":0.6332970857620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.6046164035797119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.5638512969017029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778913063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756324","display_name":"Wind profiler","level":3,"score":0.5536434054374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111603439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752193","display_name":"Boundary layer","level":2,"score":0.5012352466583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135558025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027878","display_name":"Wind shear","level":3,"score":0.4701262414455414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162725370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52643","display_name":"Daytime","level":2,"score":0.45582470297813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154718420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269096","display_name":"Wind profile power law","level":3,"score":0.4532164931297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15476950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7854776","display_name":"Turbulence kinetic energy","level":3,"score":0.4486550986766815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156767477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330018","display_name":"Global wind patterns","level":2,"score":0.4233439564704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.38220879435539246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.32576999068260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.26967182755470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.22350859642028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.17136606574058533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.16616734862327576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14102321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102321","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2321/pdf?version=1652263892","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/75501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10481/75501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400567","display_name":"Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Granada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:549f20fb409c46a7bda1d0f7f3f5bfac","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/549f20fb409c46a7bda1d0f7f3f5bfac","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 10, p 2321 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/10/2321/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14102321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 10; Pages: 2321","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14102321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14102321","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2321/pdf?version=1652263892","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1075581671","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021/40/C/ST10/00023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1080743803","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021/40/C/ST10/00023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G126301891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20-00136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1339509893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-90884-REDT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1411559417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES1303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1415326142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2016-81092-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1472769160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20-00136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1507516021","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20-00136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G156214036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-RNM-430-UGR20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1598830404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-90884-REDT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G16048458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA18235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1722292439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES1303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G177077849","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2016-81092-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2031698139","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-90884-REDT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2437013310","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P18-RT-3820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323834","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Granada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2531905163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P18-RT-3820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2656030440","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020-120015RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2752020276","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020.117825GB.C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2767507602","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2784343866","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-RNM-430-UGR20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3195171084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020.117825GB.C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3202349497","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021/40/C/ST10/00023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3228444957","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3314450319","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"654109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3465130070","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020-120015RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3516717304","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021/40/C/ST10/00023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3654178550","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021/40/C/ST10/00023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3671990542","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"654109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3765717081","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3777867116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20-00136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3818405068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES1303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3849271309","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"654109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G392169961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU14/03684","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G396848556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"654109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4025148944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P18-RT-3820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4184511935","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU14","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4380595281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P18-RT-3820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4404659636","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2016-81092-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4476388031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20-00136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4558259745","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020-120015RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4765808487","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2016-81092-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4921131259","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-90884-REDT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4991954587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU14/03684","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5332409385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-RNM-430-UGR20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5534922246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020-120015RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5717610358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20-00136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323834","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Granada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5865542797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2016-81092-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6008718679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU14/03684","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6276114948","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020.117825GB.C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6369050997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA18235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6384944980","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P18-RT-3820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6855106620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA18235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6885099540","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES1303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7134059235","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES1303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323834","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Granada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7152629538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA18235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G735557544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G739168865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU14/03684","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7417086283","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G771919193","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UGR20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7817742910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P18-RT-3820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7975930688","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-90884-REDT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8000029496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU14/03684","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8257028248","display_name":"Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure","funder_award_id":"654109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8288482578","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8298996409","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA18235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G838394633","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020.117825GB.C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848845000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-RNM-430-UGR20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323834","funder_display_name":"Universidad de Granada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8668031848","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020-120015RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8669964703","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-RNM-430-UGR20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8732774441","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-RNM-430-UGR20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8953178724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020.117825GB.C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G952199249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES1303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G961148589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"654109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310214","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","ror":"https://ror.org/04ra91131"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bstzn19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte","ror":"https://ror.org/03nc27g21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","ror":"https://ror.org/03ha2q922"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323834","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331009","display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n y Formaci\u00f3n Profesional","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4280603403.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4280603403.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481085474","https://openalex.org/W1773935842","https://openalex.org/W1831915718","https://openalex.org/W1968939190","https://openalex.org/W1969623243","https://openalex.org/W1970087154","https://openalex.org/W1975645328","https://openalex.org/W1995454375","https://openalex.org/W2001818534","https://openalex.org/W2006022195","https://openalex.org/W2014267528","https://openalex.org/W2034448255","https://openalex.org/W2046504998","https://openalex.org/W2047229907","https://openalex.org/W2052760356","https://openalex.org/W2071715875","https://openalex.org/W2075213843","https://openalex.org/W2079085990","https://openalex.org/W2081500819","https://openalex.org/W2105955745","https://openalex.org/W2110953532","https://openalex.org/W2112394169","https://openalex.org/W2117251070","https://openalex.org/W2125223334","https://openalex.org/W2131700486","https://openalex.org/W2134592803","https://openalex.org/W2139429876","https://openalex.org/W2146774335","https://openalex.org/W2153773120","https://openalex.org/W2157862942","https://openalex.org/W2166872001","https://openalex.org/W2167902309","https://openalex.org/W2167913975","https://openalex.org/W2169793587","https://openalex.org/W2172549192","https://openalex.org/W2554904141","https://openalex.org/W2587709981","https://openalex.org/W2590983508","https://openalex.org/W2606238343","https://openalex.org/W2737675090","https://openalex.org/W2743102516","https://openalex.org/W2772709562","https://openalex.org/W2779921763","https://openalex.org/W2796085983","https://openalex.org/W2807819227","https://openalex.org/W2811505569","https://openalex.org/W2883912530","https://openalex.org/W2888504372","https://openalex.org/W2897407869","https://openalex.org/W2899452679","https://openalex.org/W2901414606","https://openalex.org/W2912849088","https://openalex.org/W2972092676","https://openalex.org/W2973022170","https://openalex.org/W2979559266","https://openalex.org/W2980686971","https://openalex.org/W2981420978","https://openalex.org/W2982611693","https://openalex.org/W2986345846","https://openalex.org/W2990249308","https://openalex.org/W2999126312","https://openalex.org/W3002892853","https://openalex.org/W3007763299","https://openalex.org/W3008966052","https://openalex.org/W3019372052","https://openalex.org/W3033474967","https://openalex.org/W3102354869","https://openalex.org/W3128007489","https://openalex.org/W4210346215","https://openalex.org/W4230791135","https://openalex.org/W4238902444","https://openalex.org/W6677629077","https://openalex.org/W6780293014","https://openalex.org/W7006200302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W799932622","https://openalex.org/W311170781","https://openalex.org/W2347230036","https://openalex.org/W2294528585","https://openalex.org/W2303690695","https://openalex.org/W2904481403","https://openalex.org/W2515796479","https://openalex.org/W2722756409","https://openalex.org/W3012548768","https://openalex.org/W4240800587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"boundary":[1,64],"layer":[2,65],"characterization":[3],"is":[4,41],"currently":[5],"a":[6,90,105,141,145,215,287,299],"challenging":[7],"and":[8,17,21,58,83,110,132,190,204,209,234,240,259,281,298],"relevant":[9],"issue,":[10],"because":[11],"of":[12,28,44,73,78,153,196,218,278],"its":[13],"role":[14],"in":[15,49,96,151,192],"weather":[16],"air":[18],"quality":[19],"modelling":[20,36,206],"forecast.":[22],"In":[23],"many":[24],"cities,":[25],"the":[26,42,62,71,74,87,113,121,128,133,173,188,193,197,223,246,260,267,271,279],"effect":[27],"complex":[29],"topography":[30],"at":[31,120,231,237,270,293],"local":[32],"scale":[33],"makes":[34],"this":[35],"even":[37],"more":[38],"complicated.":[39],"This":[40,67],"case":[43],"mid-latitude":[45],"urban":[46],"areas":[47],"located":[48],"typical":[50],"basin":[51],"topographies,":[52],"which":[53],"usually":[54],"present":[55],"low":[56,232],"winds":[57],"high":[59,81],"turbulence":[60,135,302],"within":[61],"atmospheric":[63],"(ABL).":[66],"study":[68,143],"focuses":[69],"on":[70,182],"analysis":[72],"first":[75],"ever":[76],"measurements":[77,100],"wind":[79,130,199,221,244],"with":[80,104,177,207,225,248,273,296],"temporal":[82,274],"vertical":[84],"resolution":[85],"throughout":[86],"ABL":[88,134,272],"over":[89],"medium-sized":[91],"city":[92],"surrounded":[93],"by":[94],"mountains":[95],"southern":[97],"Spain.":[98],"These":[99],"have":[101,126,186],"been":[102],"gathered":[103],"scanning":[106],"Doppler":[107],"lidar":[108,115],"system":[109],"analyzed":[111,155,187],"using":[112,144],"Halo":[114],"toolbox":[116],"processing":[117],"chain":[118],"developed":[119],"Finnish":[122],"Meteorological":[123],"Institute.":[124],"We":[125,185],"used":[127],"horizontal":[129,198],"product":[131,137],"classification":[136],"to":[138,163,172],"carry":[139],"out":[140],"statistical":[142],"two-year":[146],"database.":[147],"The":[148,252,284],"data":[149],"availability":[150],"terms":[152],"maximum":[154],"altitudes":[156,233,294],"for":[157,201],"statistically":[158],"significant":[159,300],"results":[160,285],"was":[161],"limited":[162],"around":[164,228],"1000\u20131500":[165],"m":[166],"above":[167],"ground":[168],"level":[169],"(a.g.l.)":[170],"due":[171],"decreasing":[174],"signal":[175],"intensity":[176],"height":[178,250,282],"that":[179],"also":[180],"depends":[181],"aerosol":[183],"load.":[184],"differences":[189],"similarities":[191],"diurnal":[194],"evolution":[195],"profiles":[200],"different":[202],"seasons":[203],"their":[205],"Weibull":[208],"von":[210],"Mises":[211],"probability":[212],"distributions,":[213],"finding":[214],"general":[216],"trend":[217],"mean":[219,226,242],"daytime":[220,292],"from":[222,245],"NW":[224],"speeds":[227,254],"3\u20134":[229],"m/s":[230,236],"6\u201310":[235],"higher":[238],"altitudes,":[239],"weaker":[241],"nocturnal":[243],"SE":[247],"similar":[249],"dependence.":[251],"highest":[253],"were":[255],"observed":[256],"during":[257,262,291,303],"spring,":[258],"lowest":[261],"winter.":[263],"Finally,":[264],"we":[265],"studied":[266],"turbulent":[268],"sources":[269],"(for":[275],"each":[276],"hour":[277],"day)":[280],"resolution.":[283],"show":[286],"clear":[288],"convective":[289],"activity":[290],"increasing":[295],"time,":[297],"wind-shear-driven":[301],"night-time.":[304]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-16T13:24:37.021932","created_date":"2022-05-22T00:00:00"}