{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225291810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092180","title":"Oil Spill Identification in Radar Images Using a Soft Attention Segmentation Model","display_name":"Oil Spill Identification in Radar Images Using a Soft Attention Segmentation Model","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225291810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14092180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092180","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2180/pdf?version=1651483076","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2180/pdf?version=1651483076","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022347797","display_name":"Peng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8314-8593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8314-8593","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101708042","display_name":"Hui Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7328-1398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131997","display_name":"Dalian Neusoft University of Information","ror":"https://ror.org/0304ty515","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software, Dalian Neusoft Information University, Dalian 116023, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7328-1398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software, Dalian Neusoft Information University, Dalian 116023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100710018","display_name":"Ying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-591X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063700365","display_name":"Bingxin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-9983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingxin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-9983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100346821","display_name":"Peng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-6621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101708042"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131997"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.6017,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57072446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"2180","last_page":"2180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11622","display_name":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","score":0.9606999754905701,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9402999877929688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7615230679512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7268111109733582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-spill","display_name":"Oil spill","score":0.6955701112747192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-variable","display_name":"Categorical variable","score":0.6222970485687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5350590348243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5126880407333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48194193840026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4781133532524109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4741722345352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.4526325762271881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.42093661427497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.404187947511673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3831288516521454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3573944568634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3217346668243408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.21064797043800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.17660459876060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.096993088722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0857653021812439}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7615230679512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7268111109733582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985668151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220187","display_name":"Oil spill","level":2,"score":0.6955701112747192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.6222970485687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5350590348243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5126880407333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48194193840026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4781133532524109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4741722345352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4526325762271881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.42093661427497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.404187947511673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3831288516521454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3573944568634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3217346668243408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21064797043800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.17660459876060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.096993088722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0857653021812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14092180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092180","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2180/pdf?version=1651483076","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3de32b8c1a0542088ee3012986db9eee","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3de32b8c1a0542088ee3012986db9eee","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 9, p 2180 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/9/2180/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14092180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 9; Pages: 2180","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14092180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092180","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2180/pdf?version=1651483076","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225291810.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225291810.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71756274","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2005902297","https://openalex.org/W2032786999","https://openalex.org/W2074239040","https://openalex.org/W2091675249","https://openalex.org/W2180857422","https://openalex.org/W2512351403","https://openalex.org/W2552770775","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2745042876","https://openalex.org/W2755842546","https://openalex.org/W2762131022","https://openalex.org/W2782219207","https://openalex.org/W2894802018","https://openalex.org/W2905397757","https://openalex.org/W2930743608","https://openalex.org/W2952675711","https://openalex.org/W2955058313","https://openalex.org/W3005103592","https://openalex.org/W3012090790","https://openalex.org/W3085065447","https://openalex.org/W3109296750","https://openalex.org/W3120479117","https://openalex.org/W3194532990","https://openalex.org/W6764635873"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386799044","https://openalex.org/W1608282063","https://openalex.org/W2773208253","https://openalex.org/W2560646951","https://openalex.org/W4297454206","https://openalex.org/W65104662","https://openalex.org/W1871748041","https://openalex.org/W2362286668","https://openalex.org/W2133382151","https://openalex.org/W2153339597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oil":[0],"spills":[1,188],"can":[2],"cause":[3],"damage":[4],"to":[5,20,25,50,83,113,158,165,239,247],"the":[6,15,60,89,102,107,120,126,131,152,156,160,167,183,190,202,206,210,215,230,235,242],"marine":[7],"environment.":[8],"When":[9],"an":[10],"oil":[11,41,57,85,173,187,211],"spill":[12,42,86,174,212],"occurs":[13],"in":[14,40],"sea,":[16],"it":[17],"is":[18,63,73],"critical":[19],"rapidly":[21],"detect":[22],"and":[23,31,59,138,227,241],"respond":[24],"it.":[26],"Because":[27],"of":[28,97,151,155,186,209],"their":[29],"convenience":[30],"low":[32],"cost,":[33],"navigational":[34],"radar":[35],"images":[36],"are":[37,46,56],"commonly":[38],"employed":[39],"detection.":[43,196],"However,":[44],"they":[45],"currently":[47],"only":[48],"used":[49,148,194],"assess":[51],"whether":[52],"or":[53],"not":[54],"there":[55,75],"spills,":[58],"area":[61],"affected":[62],"calculated":[64],"with":[65,219],"less":[66],"accuracy.":[67],"The":[68,142,197],"main":[69],"reason":[70],"for":[71,149,171,195],"this":[72,92],"that":[74,201],"have":[76],"been":[77],"very":[78],"few":[79],"studies":[80],"on":[81,101,125,189,234],"how":[82],"retrieve":[84],"locations.":[87],"Given":[88],"above":[90],"problems,":[91],"article":[93],"introduces":[94],"a":[95,176],"model":[96,110,123,157],"image":[98],"segmentation":[99,109,207,220,231],"based":[100,124,233],"soft":[103],"attention":[104,144],"mechanism.":[105],"First,":[106],"semantic":[108,136],"was":[111,146,180,193],"established":[112],"fully":[114],"integrate":[115],"multi-scale":[116],"features.":[117],"It":[118],"takes":[119],"target":[121],"detection":[122],"feature":[127,153],"pyramid":[128],"network":[129],"as":[130,223],"backbone":[132],"model,":[133],"including":[134],"high-level":[135],"information":[137],"low-level":[139],"location":[140],"information.":[141],"channel":[143],"method":[145,204],"then":[147],"each":[150],"layers":[154],"calculate":[159],"weight":[161],"relationship":[162],"between":[163],"channels":[164],"boost":[166],"model\u2019s":[168],"expressive":[169],"ability":[170],"extracting":[172],"features.Simultaneously,":[175],"multi-task":[177],"loss":[178],"function":[179],"used.":[181],"Finally,":[182],"public":[184],"dataset":[185],"sea":[191],"surface":[192],"experimental":[198],"results":[199],"show":[200],"proposed":[203],"improves":[205],"accuracy":[208,232,245],"region.":[213],"At":[214],"same":[216],"time,":[217],"compared":[218],"models,":[221],"such":[222],"PSPNet,":[224],"DeepLab":[225],"V3+,":[226],"Attention":[228],"U-net,":[229],"pixel":[236,244],"level":[237],"improved":[238],"95.77%,":[240],"categorical":[243],"increased":[246],"96.45%.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2022-05-05T00:00:00"}