{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225140005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092122","title":"An Integration of Linear Model and \u2018Random Forest\u2019 Techniques for Prediction of Norway Spruce Vitality: A Case Study of the Hemiboreal Forest, Latvia","display_name":"An Integration of Linear Model and \u2018Random Forest\u2019 Techniques for Prediction of Norway Spruce Vitality: A Case Study of the Hemiboreal Forest, Latvia","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225140005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14092122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2122/pdf?version=1651159739","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2122/pdf?version=1651159739","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028656007","display_name":"Endijs B\u0101ders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-0838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136527","display_name":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \"Silava\"","ror":"https://ror.org/03kx37d46","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Endijs B\u0101ders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064827595","display_name":"Ed\u017eus Rom\u0101ns","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136527","display_name":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \"Silava\"","ror":"https://ror.org/03kx37d46","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ed\u017eus Rom\u0101ns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044299736","display_name":"Iveta Desaine","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136527","display_name":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \"Silava\"","ror":"https://ror.org/03kx37d46","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iveta Desaine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071504706","display_name":"Oskars Kri\u0161\u0101ns","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3315-7701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136527","display_name":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \"Silava\"","ror":"https://ror.org/03kx37d46","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oskars Kri\u0161\u0101ns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084328758","display_name":"Andris Seipulis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136527","display_name":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \"Silava\"","ror":"https://ror.org/03kx37d46","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andris Seipulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034683396","display_name":"J\u0101nis Donis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-0566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136527","display_name":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \"Silava\"","ror":"https://ror.org/03kx37d46","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u0101nis Donis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072463205","display_name":"\u0100ris Jansons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-4346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136527","display_name":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \"Silava\"","ror":"https://ror.org/03kx37d46","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0100ris Jansons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u201cSilava\u201d, R\u012bgas str. 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028656007"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136527"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.0642,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76199808,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"2122","last_page":"2122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11691","display_name":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crown","display_name":"Crown (dentistry)","score":0.7107396721839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.5394419431686401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-health","display_name":"Tree health","score":0.5198788642883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-health","display_name":"Forest health","score":0.5106258988380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forestry","display_name":"Forestry","score":0.5088029503822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.49282410740852356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.46604740619659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growing-season","display_name":"Growing season","score":0.44679877161979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.44356653094291687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-inventory","display_name":"Forest inventory","score":0.4274735152721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4179522395133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.40620532631874084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.36681830883026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.3566088080406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-management","display_name":"Forest management","score":0.28380098938941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.24092283844947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.21727684140205383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture","display_name":"Horticulture","score":0.19934150576591492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1875612735748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.17358320951461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.14802700281143188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778400979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143720","display_name":"Crown (dentistry)","level":2,"score":0.7107396721839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.5394419431686401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778142624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7837582","display_name":"Tree health","level":2,"score":0.5198788642883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991880734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469188","display_name":"Forest health","level":2,"score":0.5106258988380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.5088029503822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.49282410740852356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.46604740619659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.44679877161979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.44356653094291687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147103442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423188","display_name":"Forest inventory","level":3,"score":0.4274735152721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4179522395133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.40620532631874084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.36681830883026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.3566088080406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28631016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372561","display_name":"Forest management","level":2,"score":0.28380098938941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.24092283844947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.21727684140205383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.19934150576591492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1875612735748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.17358320951461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14802700281143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14092122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2122/pdf?version=1651159739","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1fac9ddc413c487195ee8fe9b06d6db4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1fac9ddc413c487195ee8fe9b06d6db4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 9, p 2122 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/9/2122/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14092122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14092122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/9/2122/pdf?version=1651159739","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2631452109","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(ERDF)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3755672625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1.2.1.1/18/A/004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225140005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225140005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W1467891129","https://openalex.org/W1571694585","https://openalex.org/W1601201895","https://openalex.org/W1605688901","https://openalex.org/W1831050183","https://openalex.org/W1963636287","https://openalex.org/W1981568831","https://openalex.org/W1983523689","https://openalex.org/W1987670201","https://openalex.org/W1988763797","https://openalex.org/W1990503995","https://openalex.org/W1995714011","https://openalex.org/W2006935340","https://openalex.org/W2010581442","https://openalex.org/W2013168618","https://openalex.org/W2015799298","https://openalex.org/W2018636632","https://openalex.org/W2019655958","https://openalex.org/W2020868791","https://openalex.org/W2021729752","https://openalex.org/W2025438990","https://openalex.org/W2025461083","https://openalex.org/W2027254180","https://openalex.org/W2031291550","https://openalex.org/W2036821603","https://openalex.org/W2045479037","https://openalex.org/W2049287129","https://openalex.org/W2051128904","https://openalex.org/W2074464158","https://openalex.org/W2075818603","https://openalex.org/W2082246284","https://openalex.org/W2089212648","https://openalex.org/W2090417555","https://openalex.org/W2099400014","https://openalex.org/W2102618416","https://openalex.org/W2111759081","https://openalex.org/W2115615525","https://openalex.org/W2130764640","https://openalex.org/W2137172112","https://openalex.org/W2145112311","https://openalex.org/W2165916356","https://openalex.org/W2178471458","https://openalex.org/W2183806923","https://openalex.org/W2185340035","https://openalex.org/W2217905131","https://openalex.org/W2334074831","https://openalex.org/W2466324447","https://openalex.org/W2482464033","https://openalex.org/W2485209715","https://openalex.org/W2736508163","https://openalex.org/W2737615274","https://openalex.org/W2768879920","https://openalex.org/W2768993505","https://openalex.org/W2793366794","https://openalex.org/W2795121812","https://openalex.org/W2887291686","https://openalex.org/W2906082851","https://openalex.org/W2912449893","https://openalex.org/W2951898785","https://openalex.org/W2995786269","https://openalex.org/W2997113988","https://openalex.org/W3010842432","https://openalex.org/W3013471216","https://openalex.org/W3035123256","https://openalex.org/W3037836717","https://openalex.org/W3159407029","https://openalex.org/W3204822487","https://openalex.org/W4206439534","https://openalex.org/W4213303221","https://openalex.org/W4236953601","https://openalex.org/W4246018093","https://openalex.org/W4253820701","https://openalex.org/W6610017368","https://openalex.org/W6628591605","https://openalex.org/W6649087404","https://openalex.org/W6653117470","https://openalex.org/W6658302779","https://openalex.org/W6677249723","https://openalex.org/W6686213301","https://openalex.org/W6688449247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2360471910","https://openalex.org/W2996115036","https://openalex.org/W3080397319","https://openalex.org/W3096013024","https://openalex.org/W2415170322","https://openalex.org/W2161881124","https://openalex.org/W2969072466","https://openalex.org/W2391543016","https://openalex.org/W2046550984","https://openalex.org/W2969897580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,212],"increasing":[1],"extreme":[2],"weather":[3],"and":[4,14,22,92,139,152,170,187,204,248,260,272],"climate":[5],"events":[6],"have":[7],"a":[8,135],"significant":[9],"impact":[10],"on":[11],"the":[12,34,65,73,79,101,215],"resistance":[13],"resilience":[15],"of":[16,24,55,61,67,82,104,112,214,217],"Norway":[17,86],"spruce":[18,87],"trees.":[19],"responses":[21],"adaptation":[23],"individual":[25,56],"trees":[26],"to":[27,71,77,226,234,241,250,258,265],"certain":[28],"factors":[29],"can":[30],"be":[31],"assessed":[32],"through":[33],"tree":[35,83,113,218],"breeding":[36,39],"programmes.":[37],"Tree":[38],"programmes":[40],"combined":[41],"with":[42],"multispectral":[43],"unmanned":[44],"aircraft":[45],"vehicle":[46],"(UAV)":[47],"platforms":[48],"may":[49],"assist":[50],"in":[51,85],"acquiring":[52],"regular":[53],"information":[54],"traits":[57],"from":[58,232,239,256,263],"large":[59],"areas":[60],"progeny":[62],"trials.":[63],"Therefore,":[64],"aim":[66],"this":[68],"study":[69],"was":[70,150,155,168,173,185,190,202,207,224],"investigate":[72],"vegetation":[74,102],"indices":[75],"(VI)":[76],"detect":[78],"early":[80],"stages":[81],"stress":[84],"stands":[88,99],"under":[89],"prolonged":[90],"drought":[91],"summer":[93],"heatwave.":[94],"Eight":[95],"plots":[96],"within":[97],"four":[98],"throughout":[100],"season":[103],"2021":[105],"were":[106,246,275],"monitored":[107],"by":[108],"assessing":[109],"spectral":[110],"differences":[111],"health":[114,219],"classes":[115,220,245,269],"(Healthy,":[116],"Crown":[117],"damage,":[118,121,125],"New":[119],"crown":[120],"Dead":[122],"trees,":[123],"Stem":[124],"Root":[126],"rot).":[127],"From":[128],"all":[129],"tested":[130],"VI,":[131],"our":[132],"models":[133],"showed":[134],"moderate":[136,249],"marginal":[137,148,166,183,200],"R2":[138,149,154,167,172,184,189,201,206],"total":[140],"explanatory":[141],"power\u2014for":[142],"Normalized":[143,161],"Difference":[144,162],"Red-edge":[145],"Index":[146,164,181,198],"(NDRE),":[147],"0.26,":[151],"conditional":[153,171,188,205],"0.49":[156,208],"(p":[157,175,192,209],"&lt;":[158,176,193,210],"0.001);":[159,177,194],"for":[160,178,196,221],"Vegetation":[163],"(NDVI),":[165],"0.34,":[169],"0.60":[174],"Red":[179],"Green":[180],"(RGI),":[182],"0.36,":[186],"0.55":[191],"while":[195],"Chlorophyll":[197],"(CI),":[199],"0.27,":[203],"0.001).":[211],"reliability":[213],"identification":[216],"selected":[222],"VI":[223],"weak":[225],"fair":[227],"(overall":[228,252],"classification":[229,253],"accuracy":[230,254],"ranged":[231,238,255],"34.4%":[233],"56.8%,":[235],"kappa":[236,261],"coefficients":[237],"0.09":[240],"0.34)":[242],"if":[243,267],"six":[244],"assessed,":[247],"substantial":[251],"71.1%":[257],"89.6%":[259],"coefficient":[262],"0.39":[264],"0.71)":[266],"two":[268],"(Crown":[270],"damage":[271],"Healthy":[273],"trees)":[274],"tested.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2022-05-01T00:00:00"}
