{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224284215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081781","title":"A Shrink-Branch-Bound Algorithm for eLoran Pseudorange Positioning Initialization","display_name":"A Shrink-Branch-Bound Algorithm for eLoran Pseudorange Positioning Initialization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224284215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14081781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081781","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1781/pdf?version=1649643427","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1781/pdf?version=1649643427","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101586165","display_name":"Kaiqi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2063-5997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaiqi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102297227","display_name":"Jiangbin Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangbin Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070205268","display_name":"Wenhe Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7534-5706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhe Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7534-5706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005291861","display_name":"Chaozhong Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaozhong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7839-1502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416207","display_name":"Wei Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3735-6513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100774428","display_name":"Shifeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-720X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shifeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100300979","display_name":"Hua Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4744-6053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093645","display_name":"National Time Service Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00655qp86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101586165"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210093645","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":6.3629,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95743358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"8","first_page":"1781","last_page":"1781"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorange","display_name":"Pseudorange","score":0.9686423540115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.8506873846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6829892992973328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backup","display_name":"Backup","score":0.5584725737571716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5399875640869141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4365178942680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35254305601119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.3427852988243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21627312898635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07446268200874329}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174201072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187347","display_name":"Pseudorange","level":4,"score":0.9686423540115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.8506873846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6829892992973328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.5584725737571716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5399875640869141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4365178942680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35254305601119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3427852988243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21627312898635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07446268200874329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14081781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081781","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1781/pdf?version=1649643427","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:75ec5ea6315e4691b78e9c5f1771308a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/75ec5ea6315e4691b78e9c5f1771308a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 8, p 1781 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/8/1781/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14081781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14081781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081781","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1781/pdf?version=1649643427","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G701104094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1188000YCZ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","funder_display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322847","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/031141b54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335892","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224284215.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224284215.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970185852","https://openalex.org/W1984360411","https://openalex.org/W1992290660","https://openalex.org/W2000389939","https://openalex.org/W2006544565","https://openalex.org/W2018090357","https://openalex.org/W2028423468","https://openalex.org/W2042078126","https://openalex.org/W2053807722","https://openalex.org/W2059287148","https://openalex.org/W2077008103","https://openalex.org/W2109591264","https://openalex.org/W2119842211","https://openalex.org/W2127499281","https://openalex.org/W2133450517","https://openalex.org/W2163330330","https://openalex.org/W2170277198","https://openalex.org/W2175874097","https://openalex.org/W2236623899","https://openalex.org/W2269490313","https://openalex.org/W2277678953","https://openalex.org/W2431459429","https://openalex.org/W2598766478","https://openalex.org/W2761218447","https://openalex.org/W2807538016","https://openalex.org/W2844111606","https://openalex.org/W2897132369","https://openalex.org/W2938089783","https://openalex.org/W2944925552","https://openalex.org/W2954270993","https://openalex.org/W2969328805","https://openalex.org/W2980036566","https://openalex.org/W3006026485","https://openalex.org/W3008662487","https://openalex.org/W3026569446","https://openalex.org/W3044918735","https://openalex.org/W3048199469","https://openalex.org/W3093576642","https://openalex.org/W3095730650","https://openalex.org/W3103845090","https://openalex.org/W3107532004","https://openalex.org/W3119690850","https://openalex.org/W3126680857","https://openalex.org/W3155644920","https://openalex.org/W3215919881","https://openalex.org/W4206244600","https://openalex.org/W4206944266","https://openalex.org/W4240374930","https://openalex.org/W6693557583","https://openalex.org/W6717998845","https://openalex.org/W6788711836"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2955195711","https://openalex.org/W2352106811","https://openalex.org/W4206403064","https://openalex.org/W185487634","https://openalex.org/W3211349153","https://openalex.org/W3197945871","https://openalex.org/W2357594960","https://openalex.org/W2602888279","https://openalex.org/W921819532","https://openalex.org/W1609655300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Currently,":[0],"eLoran":[1,21,28,35,46,73,85,169,185],"is":[2,36,108,126],"the":[3,20,42,45,51,59,67,72,84,99,103,117,129,137,141,153,165],"ideal":[4],"backup":[5],"and":[6,41,113,172],"supplement":[7],"for":[8,27,128,180,184],"global":[9],"navigation":[10,191],"satellite":[11],"systems.":[12],"The":[13,31,90,133],"time":[14],"synchronization":[15],"accuracy":[16],"between":[17],"stations":[18,48],"in":[19,163],"system":[22],"has":[23,155],"improved,":[24],"providing":[25],"conditions":[26],"pseudorange":[29,32,61,74,86,170,181],"positioning.":[30,75],"positioning":[33,62,87,143,182],"of":[34,44,102,159,168],"a":[37,78,94,111,121,156],"nonlinear":[38],"least-squares":[39],"problem":[40,53,167],"location":[43],"transmitting":[47],"may":[49],"cause":[50],"above":[52],"to":[54,82,97,139],"be":[55,174],"non-convex.":[56],"This":[57],"makes":[58],"conventional":[60],"al-gorithm":[63],"strongly":[64],"depend":[65],"on":[66],"initial":[68,142,146],"value":[69,147],"when":[70],"solving":[71,164],"We":[76],"propose":[77],"shrink-branch-bound":[79],"(SBB)":[80],"algorithm":[81,91,115,125,134,154,179],"solve":[83],"initialization":[88,166,178],"problem.":[89],"first":[92],"uses":[93],"shrink":[95],"method":[96],"reduce":[98],"search":[100],"space":[101],"position":[104],"estimator.":[105],"Then,":[106],"optimization":[107],"performed":[109],"using":[110],"branch":[112],"bound":[114,131],"within":[116],"shrunk":[118],"region,":[119],"where":[120],"trust":[122],"region":[123],"reflective":[124],"used":[127,175],"lower":[130],"process.":[132],"can":[135,173],"help":[136],"receiver":[138],"complete":[140],"without":[144],"any":[145],"information.":[148],"Simulation":[149],"experiments":[150],"verify":[151],"that":[152],"success":[157],"rate":[158],"more":[160],"than":[161],"99.5%":[162],"positioning,":[171],"as":[176],"an":[177],"problems":[183],"or":[186],"other":[187],"long-range":[188],"terrestrial-based":[189],"radio":[190],"system.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}