{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226025108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071715","title":"High-Efficiency Optimization Algorithm of PMEPR for OFDM Integrated Radar and Communication Waveform Based on Conjugate Gradient","display_name":"High-Efficiency Optimization Algorithm of PMEPR for OFDM Integrated Radar and Communication Waveform Based on Conjugate Gradient","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226025108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14071715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071715","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1715/pdf?version=1648884668","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1715/pdf?version=1648884668","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045005754","display_name":"Juan Rong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-1047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China","School of Mathematics and Statistics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036462675","display_name":"Feifeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-2862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Feifeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China","School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039869395","display_name":"Yingjie Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-0182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingjie Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China","School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036462675"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.7386,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68321966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"7","first_page":"1715","last_page":"1715"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7097870707511902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6427075862884521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5964774489402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjugate-gradient-method","display_name":"Conjugate gradient method","score":0.5819858312606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4932023882865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norm","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","score":0.48215100169181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.42260515689849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.41345012187957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3394163250923157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.141780823469162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7097870707511902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6427075862884521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5964774489402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81184566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191895","display_name":"Conjugate gradient method","level":2,"score":0.5819858312606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4932023882865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.48215100169181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.42260515689849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.41345012187957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3394163250923157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.141780823469162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14071715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071715","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1715/pdf?version=1648884668","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2caf0206c8984a3d9d2f479918c66892","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2caf0206c8984a3d9d2f479918c66892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 7, p 1715 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/7/1715/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14071715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14071715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071715","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1715/pdf?version=1648884668","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2746600709","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31727901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4275062833","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61625103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4425458683","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6162510","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6251937541","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1727901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6855240587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8955107213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Major","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226025108.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226025108.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98472710","https://openalex.org/W1590121240","https://openalex.org/W1730833315","https://openalex.org/W1878442718","https://openalex.org/W1981345365","https://openalex.org/W2011823503","https://openalex.org/W2026001694","https://openalex.org/W2031653048","https://openalex.org/W2035255504","https://openalex.org/W2047881963","https://openalex.org/W2049824694","https://openalex.org/W2105862752","https://openalex.org/W2110411562","https://openalex.org/W2120873208","https://openalex.org/W2125930644","https://openalex.org/W2128035339","https://openalex.org/W2166671790","https://openalex.org/W2167796138","https://openalex.org/W2168497316","https://openalex.org/W2206128797","https://openalex.org/W2294890201","https://openalex.org/W2299553154","https://openalex.org/W2552096161","https://openalex.org/W2625895193","https://openalex.org/W2730026819","https://openalex.org/W2783710462","https://openalex.org/W2889634161","https://openalex.org/W2967062208","https://openalex.org/W3005029648","https://openalex.org/W3024101484","https://openalex.org/W3105748066","https://openalex.org/W3151834167","https://openalex.org/W3207382016","https://openalex.org/W3210991107","https://openalex.org/W4244753254"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2792339401","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W2530747331","https://openalex.org/W3040712279","https://openalex.org/W2125564215","https://openalex.org/W2364769705","https://openalex.org/W3097525855","https://openalex.org/W4367555392"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,156],"tone":[1],"reservation":[2],"(TR)":[3],"approach":[4],"is":[5,44,83,110,130,154],"mainly":[6],"adopted":[7],"to":[8,46,133],"reduce":[9],"the":[10,35,49,63,100,104,107,114,118,123,127,135,138,149,160,174,179,182],"peak-to-mean":[11],"envelope":[12],"power":[13],"ratio":[14,26],"(PMEPR)":[15],"of":[16,102,106,117,126,137,165,181],"orthogonal":[17],"frequency":[18],"division":[19],"multiplexing":[20],"(OFDM)":[21],"waveform":[22,65,109,119],"with":[23,60],"low":[24,69],"TR":[25],"(TRR)":[27],"in":[28,163],"classic":[29],"4G":[30],"communication":[31,40,56],"systems.":[32],"However,":[33],"for":[34],"OFDM":[36,108],"integrated":[37],"radar":[38,50],"and":[39,72,78,173],"waveform,":[41],"high":[42,61],"TRR":[43],"necessary":[45],"simultaneously":[47],"maintain":[48],"detection":[51],"performance":[52],"as":[53,55,113,168,170],"well":[54,169],"performance.":[57],"For":[58],"cases":[59],"TRR,":[62],"traditional":[64],"optimization":[66,91,120,145,166],"algorithms":[67],"have":[68],"execution":[70],"efficiency":[71],"a":[73,80,88,143],"poor":[74],"PMEPR":[75,90,105,140,144],"convergence":[76,171],"level,":[77,172],"thus":[79],"new":[81,89],"algorithm":[82,92,146,162],"needed.":[84],"This":[85],"paper":[86],"proposes":[87],"based":[93,147],"on":[94,148],"conjugate":[95,124,152],"gradient.":[96],"Firstly,":[97],"by":[98],"introducing":[99],"concept":[101],"Lp-norm,":[103],"accurately":[111],"remodeled":[112],"objective":[115,128],"function":[116,129],"problem.":[121],"Secondly,":[122],"gradient":[125,153],"analytically":[131],"derived":[132],"form":[134],"basis":[136],"efficient":[139],"optimization.":[141],"Finally,":[142],"Polak\u2013Ribi\u00e8re\u2013Polyak":[150],"(PRP)":[151],"proposed.":[155],"simulation":[157],"results":[158,177],"verified":[159],"proposed":[161,183],"terms":[164],"efficiency,":[167],"initial":[175],"experimental":[176],"suggested":[178],"practicality":[180],"algorithm.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}