{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226350245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071702","title":"High-Precision Measurement of Height Differences from Shadows in Non-Stereo Imagery: New Methodology and Accuracy Assessment","display_name":"High-Precision Measurement of Height Differences from Shadows in Non-Stereo Imagery: New Methodology and Accuracy Assessment","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226350245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071702"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14071702","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071702","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1702/pdf?version=1648794184","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1702/pdf?version=1648794184","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041338126","display_name":"Camilo Rada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9865-2530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63471342","display_name":"Universidad de Magallanes","ror":"https://ror.org/049784n50","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63471342"]}],"countries":["CA","CL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Camilo Andr\u00e9s Rada Giacaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n GAIA Ant\u00e1rtica (CIGA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile","Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n GAIA Ant\u00e1rtica (CIGA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63471342"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041338126"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I63471342"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.12,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73064571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"7","first_page":"1702","last_page":"1702"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.6848931312561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.674302875995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5320934653282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","score":0.5260412693023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5230451822280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.4934958219528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-spaceborne-thermal-emission-and-reflection-radiometer","display_name":"Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer","score":0.4811200201511383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.4014946222305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.37092119455337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.3699212670326233}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.6848931312561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.674302875995636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5320934653282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5260412693023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5230451822280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.4934958219528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13772937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q298019","display_name":"Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer","level":3,"score":0.4811200201511383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.4014946222305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.37092119455337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3699212670326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14071702","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071702","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1702/pdf?version=1648794184","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:circle.library.ubc.ca:2429/81277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2429/81277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196297","display_name":"cIRcle (University of British Columbia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","host_organization_name":"University of British Columbia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d7fdfd1e7068495aa37f95fc12ebadcd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d7fdfd1e7068495aa37f95fc12ebadcd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 7, p 1702 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/7/1702/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14071702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14071702","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071702","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1702/pdf?version=1648794184","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5035057238","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22060402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334812","funder_display_name":"Comisi\u00f3n Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334812","display_name":"Comisi\u00f3n Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","ror":"https://ror.org/02ap3w078"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226350245.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226350245.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557236031","https://openalex.org/W1864123161","https://openalex.org/W1970328141","https://openalex.org/W1980666103","https://openalex.org/W2015612566","https://openalex.org/W2024011851","https://openalex.org/W2055484760","https://openalex.org/W2070523112","https://openalex.org/W2084744129","https://openalex.org/W2085655154","https://openalex.org/W2098389552","https://openalex.org/W2098677588","https://openalex.org/W2110441583","https://openalex.org/W2112614772","https://openalex.org/W2129419016","https://openalex.org/W2155910279","https://openalex.org/W2162048115","https://openalex.org/W2517180603","https://openalex.org/W2601217547","https://openalex.org/W2762176143","https://openalex.org/W2913224122","https://openalex.org/W2926918810","https://openalex.org/W3108555741","https://openalex.org/W3125275123","https://openalex.org/W4243327860","https://openalex.org/W4253296945","https://openalex.org/W6674458686","https://openalex.org/W6683374087"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148155918","https://openalex.org/W2462682329","https://openalex.org/W2469485159","https://openalex.org/W2888776212","https://openalex.org/W2063704467","https://openalex.org/W2748193501","https://openalex.org/W3005183787","https://openalex.org/W3181797223","https://openalex.org/W4206741056","https://openalex.org/W3040595263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,135,164],"shadow-height":[1,70],"method":[2,31],"has":[3,35],"been":[4,36],"extensively":[5],"used":[6],"to":[7,40,87,102,194],"extract":[8],"the":[9,14,27,41,46,51,54,80,89,93,117,156],"heights":[10],"of":[11,29,48,53,60,82,95],"buildings":[12],"from":[13,113,148,192],"shadows":[15,96],"they":[16],"cast":[17],"in":[18,32,217],"non-stereo":[19],"(single":[20],"view)":[21],"aerial":[22],"and":[23,57,97,122,133,140,155,159,176,196,219,222],"satellite":[24],"imagery.":[25],"However,":[26],"use":[28],"this":[30,64],"Earth":[33],"sciences":[34],"limited,":[37],"partially":[38],"due":[39],"relatively":[42],"low":[43],"accuracy":[44,74],"reported,":[45],"fuzziness":[47],"shadow":[49],"edges,":[50],"complexities":[52],"scanning":[55],"sensors,":[56],"a":[58,84],"lack":[59],"software":[61],"tools.":[62],"In":[63],"paper,":[65],"we":[66,197],"present":[67,218],"an":[68],"enhanced":[69],"methodology":[71],"offering":[72],"significant":[73],"improvement.":[75],"These":[76],"improvements":[77],"are":[78],"mainly":[79],"result":[81],"using":[83],"physical":[85],"approach":[86],"model":[88],"illumination":[90],"gradient":[91],"through":[92],"edge":[94],"by":[98,116],"leveraging":[99],"meteorological":[100],"data":[101,187],"precisely":[103],"estimate":[104],"atmospheric":[105],"refraction.":[106],"We":[107],"validated":[108],"91":[109],"shadow-derived":[110],"height":[111,172,181],"estimations":[112],"images":[114],"obtained":[115,147],"Advanced":[118],"Spaceborne":[119],"Thermal":[120],"Emission":[121],"Reflection":[123],"Radiometer":[124],"(ASTER)":[125],"at":[126,202],"three":[127],"sites":[128],"with":[129],"latitudes":[130],"between":[131],"33":[132],"78\u00b0S:":[134],"Andes":[136],"Mountains,":[137],"Sentinel":[138],"Range,":[139],"Abbot":[141],"ice":[142],"shelf.":[143],"Reference":[144],"measurements":[145],"were":[146],"Global":[149],"Navigation":[150],"Satellite":[151,162],"System":[152],"(GNSS)":[153],"surveys":[154],"Ice,":[157],"Cloud,":[158],"land":[160],"Elevation":[161],"(ICESat).":[163],"observed":[165,198],"errors":[166,201],"fell":[167],"below":[168,177],"6%":[169],"for":[170,179,212],"small":[171],"differences":[173,182],"(\u223c20":[174],"m)":[175],"2%":[178],"larger":[180],"(\u2273300":[183],"m).":[184],"Our":[185],"validation":[186],"cover":[188],"solar":[189,204],"elevations":[190],"ranging":[191],"3.7":[193],"42.2\u00b0,":[195],"smaller":[199],"absolute":[200],"lower":[203],"elevations.":[205],"This":[206],"novel":[207],"information":[208],"can":[209],"be":[210],"valuable":[211],"studying":[213],"surface":[214],"elevation":[215],"changes":[216],"old":[220],"imagery":[221],"extending":[223],"glacier":[224],"volume":[225],"variation":[226],"time-series.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2022-05-05T00:00:00"}
