{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213240490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14041028","title":"Sentinel-2 Data and Unmanned Aerial System Products to Support Crop and Bare Soil Monitoring: Methodology Based on a Statistical Comparison between Remote Sensing Data with Identical Spectral Bands","display_name":"Sentinel-2 Data and Unmanned Aerial System Products to Support Crop and Bare Soil Monitoring: Methodology Based on a Statistical Comparison between Remote Sensing Data with Identical Spectral Bands","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213240490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14041028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14041028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14041028","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/1028/pdf?version=1645508086","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/1028/pdf?version=1645508086","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068175985","display_name":"Marco Dubbini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6158-2727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Dubbini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023550230","display_name":"Nicola Palumbo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Palumbo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010695573","display_name":"Michaela De Giglio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9996-7777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michaela De Giglio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of History and Cultures (DiSCi)-Geography Section, University of Bologna, Via Guerrazzi 20, 40125 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036117253","display_name":"Francesco Zucca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-5484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Zucca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DSTA), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DSTA), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045945005","display_name":"Maurizio Barbarella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Barbarella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032900114","display_name":"Antonella Tornato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2450-6375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116113","display_name":"Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale","ror":"https://ror.org/022zv0672","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104593","https://openalex.org/I4210116113","https://openalex.org/I4210117642"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonella Tornato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068175985"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.5023,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65862745,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"1028","last_page":"1028"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7858231067657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6767183542251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5859410762786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.581964910030365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-observation","display_name":"Earth observation","score":0.5742590427398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5468974113464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.46088290214538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4106028079986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32224953174591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13251850008964539}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7858231067657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6767183542251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5859410762786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.581964910030365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39399123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348989","display_name":"Earth observation","level":3,"score":0.5742590427398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5468974113464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.46088290214538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4106028079986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32224953174591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13251850008964539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14041028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14041028","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/1028/pdf?version=1645508086","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/863171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/863171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:67f4db38ff4a40de98e978a5aa8b1b15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/67f4db38ff4a40de98e978a5aa8b1b15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 1028 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/4/1028/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14041028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 4; Pages: 1028","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14041028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14041028","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/1028/pdf?version=1645508086","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4213240490.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4213240490.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590129640","https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1965711210","https://openalex.org/W1974289021","https://openalex.org/W1981326169","https://openalex.org/W1991919658","https://openalex.org/W2001599060","https://openalex.org/W2004208113","https://openalex.org/W2004663923","https://openalex.org/W2026293306","https://openalex.org/W2039409148","https://openalex.org/W2062989416","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2064636932","https://openalex.org/W2066398558","https://openalex.org/W2067215608","https://openalex.org/W2072577852","https://openalex.org/W2078771477","https://openalex.org/W2093152401","https://openalex.org/W2094677081","https://openalex.org/W2098400452","https://openalex.org/W2102273661","https://openalex.org/W2102553657","https://openalex.org/W2109862393","https://openalex.org/W2125397877","https://openalex.org/W2128438912","https://openalex.org/W2144023308","https://openalex.org/W2144559754","https://openalex.org/W2151499786","https://openalex.org/W2159961845","https://openalex.org/W2165000449","https://openalex.org/W2167869331","https://openalex.org/W2172288210","https://openalex.org/W2413001789","https://openalex.org/W2466912824","https://openalex.org/W2555638636","https://openalex.org/W2587466508","https://openalex.org/W2597944323","https://openalex.org/W2617056706","https://openalex.org/W2620234846","https://openalex.org/W2622693986","https://openalex.org/W2626312059","https://openalex.org/W2738523309","https://openalex.org/W2762917058","https://openalex.org/W2765215743","https://openalex.org/W2766264364","https://openalex.org/W2768491172","https://openalex.org/W2810045919","https://openalex.org/W2810672914","https://openalex.org/W2811253491","https://openalex.org/W2890513934","https://openalex.org/W2897625716","https://openalex.org/W2913229076","https://openalex.org/W2916589414","https://openalex.org/W2921186291","https://openalex.org/W2923833971","https://openalex.org/W2943024341","https://openalex.org/W2945004922","https://openalex.org/W2948560662","https://openalex.org/W2954212711","https://openalex.org/W2963041402","https://openalex.org/W2967629441","https://openalex.org/W2971953399","https://openalex.org/W2983376237","https://openalex.org/W2984879483","https://openalex.org/W3005863531","https://openalex.org/W3005885362","https://openalex.org/W3006889234","https://openalex.org/W3014218362","https://openalex.org/W3017321661","https://openalex.org/W3022517580","https://openalex.org/W3090216389","https://openalex.org/W3093676244","https://openalex.org/W3097973584","https://openalex.org/W3102181181","https://openalex.org/W3112840199","https://openalex.org/W3120255147","https://openalex.org/W3128829940","https://openalex.org/W3159911856","https://openalex.org/W3162501010","https://openalex.org/W3178489269","https://openalex.org/W3183471732","https://openalex.org/W6666427799","https://openalex.org/W6666487912","https://openalex.org/W6681399304","https://openalex.org/W6715424555","https://openalex.org/W6740547047"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4318664220","https://openalex.org/W2771047279","https://openalex.org/W4388409104","https://openalex.org/W1544811710","https://openalex.org/W2124951708","https://openalex.org/W172072032","https://openalex.org/W2006066416","https://openalex.org/W3157073418","https://openalex.org/W1679591466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,47,88],"growing":[1],"need":[2],"for":[3,42,171],"sustainable":[4],"management":[5],"approaches":[6],"of":[7,50,56,121,204],"crops":[8],"and":[9,19,33,45,71,96,124,141,145],"bare":[10],"soils":[11],"requires":[12],"measurements":[13],"at":[14],"a":[15,57,62,72,132,159,163],"multiple":[16],"scale":[17],"(space":[18],"time)":[20],"field":[21,102],"system":[22],"level,":[23],"which":[24],"have":[25],"become":[26],"increasingly":[27],"accurate.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30,51],"context,":[31],"proximal":[32,95],"satellite":[34,69],"remote":[35],"sensing":[36],"data":[37,70],"cooperation":[38],"seems":[39],"good":[40],"practice":[41],"the":[43,54,112,142,153,156,166,172,177,181,186,201],"present":[44],"future.":[46],"primary":[48],"purpose":[49],"work":[52],"is":[53],"development":[55],"sound":[58],"protocol":[59],"based":[60,91],"on":[61,76,92,139],"statistical":[63,135],"comparison":[64],"between":[65,165,196],"Copernicus":[66],"Sentinel-2":[67,97],"MIS":[68],"multispectral":[73],"sensor":[74],"mounted":[75],"an":[77,100],"Unmanned":[78],"Aerial":[79],"Vehicle":[80],"(UAV),":[81],"featuring":[82],"spectral":[83],"deployment":[84],"identical":[85],"to":[86,130,152],"Sentinel-2.":[87],"experimental":[89],"dataset,":[90],"simultaneously":[93],"acquired":[94],"data,":[98],"concerns":[99],"agricultural":[101],"in":[103,119,176],"Pisa":[104],"(Tuscany),":[105],"cultivated":[106],"with":[107,162],"corn.":[108],"To":[109],"understand":[110],"how":[111],"two":[113,197],"systems,":[114],"comparable":[115],"but":[116],"quite":[117],"different":[118],"terms":[120],"spatial":[122],"resolution":[123],"atmosphere":[125],"impacts,":[126,155],"can":[127],"effectively":[128],"cooperate":[129],"create":[131],"value-added":[133],"product,":[134],"tests":[136],"were":[137],"applied":[138],"bands":[140,168],"derived":[143,173],"Vegetation":[144],"Soil":[146],"index.":[147],"Overall,":[148],"as":[149,169],"expected,":[150],"due":[151],"mentioned":[154],"outcomes":[157],"show":[158],"heterogeneous":[160],"behavior":[161,195],"difference":[164],"coincident":[167],"well":[170],"indices,":[174],"modulated":[175],"same":[178],"manner":[179],"by":[180,190],"phenological":[182],"status":[183],"(e.g.,":[184],"during":[185,200],"canopy":[187],"developments)":[188],"or":[189],"vegetation":[191],"absence.":[192],"Instead,":[193],"similar":[194],"sensors":[198],"occurred":[199],"maturity":[202],"phase":[203],"crop":[205],"plants.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-02-24T00:00:00"}
