{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4212773189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040901","title":"High-Resolution ISAR Imaging Based on Plug-and-Play 2D ADMM-Net","display_name":"High-Resolution ISAR Imaging Based on Plug-and-Play 2D ADMM-Net","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4212773189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040901"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040901","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/901/pdf?version=1645079945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/901/pdf?version=1645079945","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071782289","display_name":"Xiaoyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-1648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-1648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076901636","display_name":"Xueru Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9283-1810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xueru Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9283-1810","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103221264","display_name":"Z. Yujie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1392-3069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1392-3069","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080509511","display_name":"Feng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1514-7393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Technology of Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076901636"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":6.2233,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95485663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"901","last_page":"901"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.8037772178649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7912411689758301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.6019786596298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5786981582641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5670232176780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.5258736610412598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5135917663574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plug-and-play","display_name":"Plug and play","score":0.4583657383918762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.43833810091018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4278603196144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3922613561153412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36393406987190247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3500591516494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.32344186305999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12351515889167786}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.8037772178649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7912411689758301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.6019786596298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5786981582641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5670232176780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.5258736610412598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5135917663574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780070844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857815","display_name":"Plug and play","level":2,"score":0.4583657383918762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.43833810091018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4278603196144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3922613561153412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36393406987190247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3500591516494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32344186305999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12351515889167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040901","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/901/pdf?version=1645079945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b43e650d2d2f47c59c534ed88727b39b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b43e650d2d2f47c59c534ed88727b39b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 901 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/4/901/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040901","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 4; Pages: 901","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040901","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/901/pdf?version=1645079945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1474490597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111 Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2630173159","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7a00\u758f\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u590d\u6742\u73af\u5883\u7a7a\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8ISAR\u6210\u50cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971332","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3406886181","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(B18039)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3937783750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62131020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7996373070","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61631019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8879567429","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B18039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212773189.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212773189.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047002226","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2087416986","https://openalex.org/W2135563617","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2547878593","https://openalex.org/W2588802860","https://openalex.org/W2737840656","https://openalex.org/W2784344583","https://openalex.org/W2890520455","https://openalex.org/W2911459672","https://openalex.org/W2968547877","https://openalex.org/W2979357982","https://openalex.org/W2980730087","https://openalex.org/W2999778662","https://openalex.org/W3007318789","https://openalex.org/W3040121955","https://openalex.org/W3078162961","https://openalex.org/W3096815913","https://openalex.org/W3110850670","https://openalex.org/W3133902371","https://openalex.org/W3152371772","https://openalex.org/W3158906999","https://openalex.org/W3167611188","https://openalex.org/W3175560551","https://openalex.org/W6787684051","https://openalex.org/W6793643189","https://openalex.org/W6794338422"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2996630340","https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2170580735","https://openalex.org/W1552305638","https://openalex.org/W2112228652","https://openalex.org/W2613451563","https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W2547107543","https://openalex.org/W1966299760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,40,51,126],"deep":[3,14,18,80],"learning":[4],"architecture,":[5,96],"dubbed":[6],"Plug-and-play":[7],"2D":[8,23,45,52,68,75,91],"ADMM-Net":[9],"(PAN),":[10],"by":[11,72,114],"combining":[12,73],"model-driven":[13],"networks":[15,19],"and":[16,35,50,63,78,87,108,142],"data-driven":[17],"for":[20],"effective":[21],"high-resolution":[22],"inverse":[24],"synthetic":[25],"aperture":[26],"radar":[27],"(ISAR)":[28],"imaging":[29,47,134],"with":[30,125,135],"various":[31],"signal-to-noise":[32],"ratios":[33],"(SNR)":[34],"incomplete":[36,140],"data":[37,144],"scenarios.":[38],"First,":[39],"sparse":[41],"observation":[42],"model":[43],"of":[44],"ISAR":[46,133],"is":[48,55,70],"established,":[49],"ADMM":[53,69,76,92],"algorithm":[54,77],"presented.":[56],"On":[57],"this":[58],"basis,":[59],"using":[60],"the":[61,74,79,89,94,103,123],"plug":[62],"play":[64],"(PnP)":[65],"technique,":[66],"PnP":[67,90],"proposed,":[71],"denoising":[81,106],"network":[82],"DnCNN.":[83],"Then,":[84],"we":[85],"unroll":[86],"generalize":[88],"to":[93],"PAN":[95,124],"in":[97,102],"which":[98],"all":[99],"adjustable":[100],"parameters":[101],"reconstruction":[104,137],"layers,":[105,107],"multiplier":[109],"update":[110],"layers":[111],"are":[112],"learned":[113],"end-to-end":[115],"training":[116],"through":[117],"back-propagation.":[118],"Experimental":[119],"results":[120],"showed":[121],"that":[122],"single":[127],"parameter":[128],"set":[129],"can":[130],"achieve":[131],"noise-robust":[132],"superior":[136],"performance":[138],"on":[139],"simulated":[141],"measured":[143],"under":[145],"different":[146],"SNRs.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}