{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4212810110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040899","title":"Multitask Learning-Based for SAR Image Superpixel Generation","display_name":"Multitask Learning-Based for SAR Image Superpixel Generation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4212810110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040899"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040899","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/899/pdf?version=1644828081","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/899/pdf?version=1644828081","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119271855","display_name":"Jiafei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-9253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiafei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061332500","display_name":"Qingsong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0066-9973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingsong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083961784","display_name":"Jianda Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-9778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianda Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023203007","display_name":"Deliang Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0152-6621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deliang Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China","Interdisciplinary Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072569347","display_name":"Wenbo Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9655-7668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061332500"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.6045,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65472064,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"899","last_page":"899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8090572357177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7637345790863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differentiable-function","display_name":"Differentiable function","score":0.6705307364463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6550776958465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6061253547668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speckle-noise","display_name":"Speckle noise","score":0.5815632343292236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5158125758171082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.47624897956848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extractor","display_name":"Extractor","score":0.47026950120925903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4673127830028534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4462675154209137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speckle-pattern","display_name":"Speckle pattern","score":0.42755216360092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09419810771942139}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8090572357177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7637345790863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202615002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783507","display_name":"Differentiable function","level":2,"score":0.6705307364463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6550776958465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6061253547668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180940675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575045","display_name":"Speckle noise","level":3,"score":0.5815632343292236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5158125758171082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.47624897956848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117978034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422192","display_name":"Extractor","level":2,"score":0.47026950120925903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4673127830028534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4462675154209137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102290492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575045","display_name":"Speckle pattern","level":2,"score":0.42755216360092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09419810771942139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040899","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/899/pdf?version=1644828081","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ba6670f39b564837ab261d5564d829b5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ba6670f39b564837ab261d5564d829b5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 899 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/4/899/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040899","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/899/pdf?version=1644828081","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5911340796","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212810110.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212810110.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1938929646","https://openalex.org/W2064286937","https://openalex.org/W2067191022","https://openalex.org/W2119531662","https://openalex.org/W2121947440","https://openalex.org/W2124260943","https://openalex.org/W2135431554","https://openalex.org/W2164911019","https://openalex.org/W2327186994","https://openalex.org/W2489207792","https://openalex.org/W2523566712","https://openalex.org/W2592849532","https://openalex.org/W2594407953","https://openalex.org/W2766440712","https://openalex.org/W2783726626","https://openalex.org/W2793189836","https://openalex.org/W2801780650","https://openalex.org/W2883606943","https://openalex.org/W2884732558","https://openalex.org/W2890700095","https://openalex.org/W2897760800","https://openalex.org/W2911158653","https://openalex.org/W2965521953","https://openalex.org/W2984253982","https://openalex.org/W3015751240","https://openalex.org/W3035241330","https://openalex.org/W3042116930","https://openalex.org/W3049670509","https://openalex.org/W3083065220","https://openalex.org/W3090844588","https://openalex.org/W3120259842","https://openalex.org/W3126187558","https://openalex.org/W3130805091","https://openalex.org/W3157079672","https://openalex.org/W3163919205","https://openalex.org/W3165071532","https://openalex.org/W3168542456","https://openalex.org/W3175980437","https://openalex.org/W3194996867","https://openalex.org/W3196641506","https://openalex.org/W3200421546","https://openalex.org/W6628852983","https://openalex.org/W6753242076","https://openalex.org/W6783444761","https://openalex.org/W6788082928","https://openalex.org/W6790186010","https://openalex.org/W6796132651","https://openalex.org/W6796284632","https://openalex.org/W6801053922"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065648684","https://openalex.org/W2113052720","https://openalex.org/W2799624451","https://openalex.org/W2009383287","https://openalex.org/W2042914788","https://openalex.org/W2182190754","https://openalex.org/W4321264664","https://openalex.org/W2055824452","https://openalex.org/W2121688719","https://openalex.org/W2016481886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"of":[1,130],"the":[2,16,28,60,116,131,138],"existing":[3],"synthetic":[4],"aperture":[5],"radar":[6],"(SAR)":[7],"image":[8,56],"superpixel":[9,73,155],"generation":[10,74,156],"methods":[11,26],"are":[12,34,160],"designed":[13,22,48],"based":[14,114],"on":[15,115,162],"raw":[17],"SAR":[18,32,55,78,165],"images":[19,33,166],"or":[20],"artificially":[21],"features.":[23],"However,":[24],"such":[25,58],"have":[27],"following":[29],"limitations:":[30],"(1)":[31],"severely":[35],"affected":[36],"by":[37],"speckle":[38],"noise,":[39],"resulting":[40],"in":[41],"unstable":[42],"pixel":[43,111],"distance":[44,112],"estimation.":[45],"(2)":[46],"Artificially":[47],"features":[49],"cannot":[50],"be":[51,150],"well-adapted":[52],"to":[53,64,87],"complex":[54],"scenes,":[57],"as":[59],"building":[61],"regions.":[62],"Aiming":[63],"overcome":[65],"these":[66],"shortcomings,":[67],"we":[68,107,122],"propose":[69],"a":[70,83,93,124],"multitask":[71,84,146],"learning-based":[72],"network":[75],"(ML-SGN)":[76],"for":[77],"images.":[79],"ML-SGN":[80],"firstly":[81],"utilizes":[82],"feature":[85,95,118,147],"extractor":[86,148],"extract":[88],"deep":[89,100],"features,":[90],"and":[91,103,145],"constructs":[92],"high-dimensional":[94,117],"space":[96],"containing":[97],"intensity":[98],"information,":[99],"semantic":[101],"informantion,":[102],"spatial":[104],"information.":[105],"Then,":[106],"define":[108],"an":[109,153],"effective":[110],"measure":[113],"space.":[119],"In":[120],"addition,":[121],"design":[123],"differentiable":[125,139],"soft":[126],"assignment":[127],"operation":[128],"instead":[129],"non-differentiable":[132],"nearest":[133],"neighbor":[134],"operation,":[135],"so":[136],"that":[137,172],"Simple":[140],"Linear":[141],"Iterative":[142],"Clustering":[143],"(SLIC)":[144],"can":[149],"combined":[151],"into":[152],"end-to-end":[154],"network.":[157],"Comprehensive":[158],"evaluations":[159],"performed":[161],"two":[163],"real":[164],"with":[167],"different":[168],"bands,":[169],"which":[170],"demonstrate":[171],"our":[173],"proposed":[174],"method":[175],"outperforms":[176],"other":[177],"state-of-the-art":[178],"methods.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}