{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213239279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040859","title":"Global and Regional Variations and Main Drivers of Aerosol Loadings over Land during 1980\u20132018","display_name":"Global and Regional Variations and Main Drivers of Aerosol Loadings over Land during 1980\u20132018","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213239279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040859","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/859/pdf?version=1645079925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/859/pdf?version=1645079925","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034843347","display_name":"Jie Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-9149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-9149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054967189","display_name":"Kaihua Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-2654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaihua Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006006544","display_name":"Zulong Lai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zulong Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101925491","display_name":"Haijun Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4871-7479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijun Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4871-7479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006006544"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.5273,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5481509,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"859","last_page":"859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol","display_name":"Aerosol","score":0.8801908493041992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7628977298736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.6723732948303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-burning","display_name":"Biomass burning","score":0.5800914168357849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-hemisphere","display_name":"Northern Hemisphere","score":0.5259528160095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particulates","display_name":"Particulates","score":0.49644285440444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.46075257658958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southern-hemisphere","display_name":"Southern Hemisphere","score":0.4201262593269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.2234945297241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15472856163978577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13692522048950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.10529971122741699}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.8801908493041992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7628977298736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.6723732948303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019268976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18537","display_name":"Biomass burning","level":3,"score":0.5800914168357849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778835443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39061","display_name":"Northern Hemisphere","level":2,"score":0.5259528160095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24245907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498957","display_name":"Particulates","level":2,"score":0.49644285440444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.46075257658958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777252438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41228","display_name":"Southern Hemisphere","level":2,"score":0.4201262593269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2234945297241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15472856163978577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13692522048950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.10529971122741699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040859","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/859/pdf?version=1645079925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f26571085ca4458eaade67d8862a562f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f26571085ca4458eaade67d8862a562f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 859 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/4/859/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 4; Pages: 859","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14040859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14040859","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/4/859/pdf?version=1645079925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1193601154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42174012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4213239279.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1948647208","https://openalex.org/W1969795380","https://openalex.org/W1970524222","https://openalex.org/W1972370698","https://openalex.org/W1982614608","https://openalex.org/W1984609624","https://openalex.org/W1986418366","https://openalex.org/W1988268318","https://openalex.org/W1996028250","https://openalex.org/W1999102942","https://openalex.org/W2007798920","https://openalex.org/W2007818389","https://openalex.org/W2015071544","https://openalex.org/W2021394581","https://openalex.org/W2025424009","https://openalex.org/W2026270723","https://openalex.org/W2039629601","https://openalex.org/W2049452438","https://openalex.org/W2052603283","https://openalex.org/W2053997985","https://openalex.org/W2054652969","https://openalex.org/W2056358767","https://openalex.org/W2066828854","https://openalex.org/W2067129339","https://openalex.org/W2070804679","https://openalex.org/W2083944525","https://openalex.org/W2089433206","https://openalex.org/W2090152098","https://openalex.org/W2107611220","https://openalex.org/W2110849583","https://openalex.org/W2132002340","https://openalex.org/W2136449662","https://openalex.org/W2140137657","https://openalex.org/W2147073553","https://openalex.org/W2171616014","https://openalex.org/W2337530110","https://openalex.org/W2607030186","https://openalex.org/W2747399443","https://openalex.org/W2804076223","https://openalex.org/W2842632718","https://openalex.org/W2886573410","https://openalex.org/W2953978338","https://openalex.org/W2981441128","https://openalex.org/W3021233735","https://openalex.org/W3035351365","https://openalex.org/W3042347023","https://openalex.org/W3104426581","https://openalex.org/W3110882789","https://openalex.org/W3195871490","https://openalex.org/W4205268025","https://openalex.org/W6640795964","https://openalex.org/W6667456711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000615155","https://openalex.org/W1982364394","https://openalex.org/W2028125629","https://openalex.org/W2124221389","https://openalex.org/W1949157007","https://openalex.org/W1982502743","https://openalex.org/W1506568487","https://openalex.org/W836421467","https://openalex.org/W1965960627","https://openalex.org/W1973994513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aerosol":[0],"particles":[1,30],"originated":[2],"from":[3,222],"anthropogenic":[4,159],"emissions,":[5,13],"volcanic":[6],"eruptions,":[7],"biomass":[8,156,228],"burning,":[9,229],"and":[10,14,52,70,104,109,139,158,172,179,196,205,213,230,239,258,291,300],"fossil":[11,226],"combustion":[12],"their":[15],"radiative":[16],"effect":[17],"is":[18],"one":[19],"of":[20,55,75,78,81,144,165,225,284,304],"the":[21,41,50,73,90,116,123,128,145,162,185,194,200,234,271,282,296],"most":[22],"uncertain":[23],"factors":[24,303],"in":[25,31,122,127,132,169,189,246,267,281],"climate":[26],"change.":[27],"Meanwhile,":[28],"aerosol":[29,57,67,148,187,241,305],"fine":[32],"particle":[33],"size":[34],"could":[35,277],"also":[36,184],"cause":[37],"irreversible":[38],"effects":[39,74],"on":[40,83],"human":[42],"respiratory":[43],"system.":[44],"This":[45,275],"study":[46,276],"attempted":[47],"to":[48,71,294],"analyse":[49],"spatial":[51],"temporal":[53],"variations":[54,299],"global":[56,91,297],"optical":[58],"depth":[59],"(AOD,":[60],"550":[61],"nm)":[62],"during":[63,102],"1980\u20132018":[64],"using":[65],"MERRA-2":[66],"reanalysis":[68],"products":[69],"investigate":[72],"natural/anthropogenic":[76,147],"emissions":[77,149,160,224],"different":[79],"types":[80,164],"aerosols":[82,153,166,182,211,216,263],"AOD":[84,94,117,195],"values.":[85],"The":[86,151],"results":[87],"show":[88],"that":[89],"annual":[92],"mean":[93],"values":[95,118,198],"kept":[96],"high":[97,237],"levels":[98],"with":[99,236],"significant":[100],"fluctuations":[101],"1980\u20131995":[103],"showed":[105],"a":[106],"consistent":[107],"decreasing":[108],"less":[110],"volatile":[111],"trend":[112],"after":[113],"1995.":[114],"Spatially,":[115],"are":[119,161,183,203,218,243,264],"relatively":[120],"higher":[121],"Northern":[124,136],"Hemisphere":[125],"than":[126],"Southern":[129],"Hemisphere,":[130],"especially":[131,168],"North":[133],"Africa":[134],"(0.329),":[135],"India":[137],"(0.235),":[138],"Eastern":[140],"China":[141],"(0.347),":[142],"because":[143],"intensive":[146],"there.":[150],"sulphate-based":[152],"emitted":[154],"by":[155],"burning":[157],"main":[163,186,301],"worldwide,":[167],"densely":[170,247],"populated":[171,248],"industrialized":[173],"regions":[174,235],"such":[175,252],"as":[176,253],"East":[177,254],"Asia":[178],"Europe.":[180],"Dust":[181],"type":[188],"desert":[190],"areas.":[191],"For":[192],"example,":[193],"AODP":[197],"for":[199],"Sahara":[201],"Desert":[202],"0.3178":[204],"75.32%,":[206],"respectively.":[207],"Both":[208],"black":[209],"carbon":[210,215,223],"(BC)":[212],"organic":[214],"(OC)":[217],"primary":[219],"or":[220,249],"secondary":[221],"fuels,":[227],"open":[231],"burning.":[232],"Thus,":[233],"BC":[238],"OC":[240],"loadings":[242],"mainly":[244,265],"located":[245],"vegetated":[250],"areas":[251,269],"Asia,":[255,257],"South":[256],"Central":[259],"Africa.":[260],"Sea":[261],"salt":[262],"found":[266],"coastline":[268],"along":[270],"warm":[272],"current":[273],"pathway.":[274],"help":[278],"relevant":[279],"researchers":[280],"fields":[283],"atmospheric":[285],"science,":[286],"environmental":[287],"protection,":[288],"air":[289],"pollution,":[290],"ecological":[292],"environment":[293],"understand":[295],"spatial\u2013temporal":[298],"driving":[302],"loadings.":[306]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
