{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210268265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030578","title":"Study of the Ionospheric Scintillation Radio Propagation Characteristics with Cosmic Observations","display_name":"Study of the Ionospheric Scintillation Radio Propagation Characteristics with Cosmic Observations","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210268265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14030578","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030578","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/578/pdf?version=1643181138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/578/pdf?version=1643181138","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100345053","display_name":"Zhuo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-9606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Opto-Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Opto-Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044418682","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-0645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12323705","display_name":"The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)","ror":"https://ror.org/009gyvm78","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12323705","https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I1293226324","https://openalex.org/I2801247003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN","IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marconi Lab, Science, Technology and Innovation Section, Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34151 Trieste, Italy","School of Instrumentation and Opto-Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-0645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marconi Lab, Science, Technology and Innovation Section, Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34151 Trieste, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12323705"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Opto-Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011175213","display_name":"Kai Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4997-0345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4997-0345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100743242","display_name":"Jinling Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-780X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinling Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-780X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044418682"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12323705","https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.6597,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67423441,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"578","last_page":"578"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interplanetary-scintillation","display_name":"Interplanetary scintillation","score":0.9133783578872681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scintillation","display_name":"Scintillation","score":0.8195724487304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.6740672588348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.6132206916809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-occultation","display_name":"Radio occultation","score":0.5366226434707642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5329621434211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nakagami-distribution","display_name":"Nakagami distribution","score":0.49592122435569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4879433512687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kurtosis","display_name":"Kurtosis","score":0.4621146023273468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-cancer-database","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","score":0.44791021943092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.44369786977767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4286395311355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.36298421025276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.26892325282096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.26703208684921265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2234947383403778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.20722585916519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17030197381973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.15845727920532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15434205532073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.14423909783363342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.13499459624290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-wind","display_name":"Solar wind","score":0.09171593189239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronal-mass-ejection","display_name":"Coronal mass ejection","score":0.07899847626686096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0768812894821167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10880902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6056358","display_name":"Interplanetary scintillation","level":5,"score":0.9133783578872681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102637530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078889","display_name":"Scintillation","level":3,"score":0.8195724487304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.6740672588348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.6132206916809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777034083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1560557","display_name":"Radio occultation","level":3,"score":0.5366226434707642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5329621434211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115098869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3258347","display_name":"Nakagami distribution","level":4,"score":0.49592122435569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4879433512687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166963901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287251","display_name":"Kurtosis","level":2,"score":0.4621146023273468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.44791021943092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.44369786977767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4286395311355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.36298421025276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26892325282096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.26703208684921265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2234947383403778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.20722585916519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17030197381973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15845727920532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15434205532073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.14423909783363342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.13499459624290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108411613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79833","display_name":"Solar wind","level":3,"score":0.09171593189239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72886185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129890","display_name":"Coronal mass ejection","level":4,"score":0.07899847626686096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0768812894821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14030578","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030578","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/578/pdf?version=1643181138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cd06991a547d4548aa1f1710ab4c708f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cd06991a547d4548aa1f1710ab4c708f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 3, p 578 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/3/578/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 3; Pages: 578","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14030578","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030578","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/578/pdf?version=1643181138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1827818410","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61301087","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2114660167","display_name":"\u7535\u79bb\u5c42\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u4f53\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8868\u5f81\u4e0e\u65f6\u7a7a\u6d3b\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u53ca\u5f71\u54cd\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321125","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210268265.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210268265.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501453564","https://openalex.org/W1503916399","https://openalex.org/W1541877075","https://openalex.org/W1967646704","https://openalex.org/W1982903954","https://openalex.org/W1994330233","https://openalex.org/W2009501500","https://openalex.org/W2013542661","https://openalex.org/W2013932865","https://openalex.org/W2015840825","https://openalex.org/W2022936377","https://openalex.org/W2024267771","https://openalex.org/W2036859470","https://openalex.org/W2039626526","https://openalex.org/W2041230915","https://openalex.org/W2051561701","https://openalex.org/W2067131025","https://openalex.org/W2070484070","https://openalex.org/W2072863563","https://openalex.org/W2074376208","https://openalex.org/W2094427828","https://openalex.org/W2097398761","https://openalex.org/W2113810625","https://openalex.org/W2137833893","https://openalex.org/W2148673344","https://openalex.org/W2155348031","https://openalex.org/W2161528515","https://openalex.org/W2320565400","https://openalex.org/W2531825093","https://openalex.org/W2596989700","https://openalex.org/W2599936392","https://openalex.org/W2767793659","https://openalex.org/W2800656052","https://openalex.org/W2884260443","https://openalex.org/W2916905020","https://openalex.org/W2947409723","https://openalex.org/W3002617015","https://openalex.org/W3010337481","https://openalex.org/W3027280113","https://openalex.org/W3045237059","https://openalex.org/W3088025244","https://openalex.org/W3164780221","https://openalex.org/W3198502758","https://openalex.org/W4210984302","https://openalex.org/W6801276443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943215110","https://openalex.org/W1973014775","https://openalex.org/W2579882030","https://openalex.org/W2610474750","https://openalex.org/W2596989700","https://openalex.org/W4387398140","https://openalex.org/W3130682789","https://openalex.org/W2547517296","https://openalex.org/W4387933392","https://openalex.org/W1909438361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,63,77,93],"ionosphere":[1],"has":[2],"important":[3],"influences":[4],"on":[5],"trans-ionosphere":[6],"radio":[7],"propagation.":[8],"When":[9],"signals":[10],"pass":[11],"through":[12],"ionospheric":[13],"irregularities,":[14],"their":[15],"amplitude":[16,64],"and":[17,22,40,55,74,90],"phase":[18],"are":[19,46],"often":[20],"attenuated":[21],"distorted.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"work,":[26],"the":[27,34,71,97,101,110,120],"statistical":[28],"features":[29],"of":[30,83],"scintillation":[31,65,107,118],"observed":[32],"by":[33,70],"Global":[35],"Navigation":[36],"Satellite":[37],"System":[38,51],"(GNSS)":[39],"low":[41],"earth":[42],"orbit":[43],"(LEO)":[44],"satellites":[45],"investigated":[47],"with":[48],"Constellation":[49],"Observing":[50],"for":[52],"Meteorology,":[53],"Ionosphere,":[54],"Climate":[56],"(COSMIC)":[57],"data":[58],"in":[59,81,104,119],"solar":[60],"cycle":[61],"24.":[62],"propagation":[66,122],"channel":[67],"is":[68,79],"fitted":[69],"Nakagami-m,":[72],"\u03b1-\u03bc":[73,98],"\u03ba-\u03bc":[75],"models.":[76],"performance":[78,103,115],"evaluated":[80],"terms":[82],"root":[84],"mean":[85],"square":[86],"error":[87],"(RMSE),":[88],"kurtosis":[89],"information":[91],"entropy.":[92],"results":[94],"reveal":[95],"that":[96],"model":[99,112],"achieves":[100,113],"best":[102],"all":[105],"considered":[106],"intensities,":[108],"while":[109],"Nakagami-m":[111],"better":[114],"under":[116],"severe":[117],"GNSS-LEO":[121],"channels.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}