{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210701246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030570","title":"Monitoring Rock Desert Formation Caused by Ice\u2013Snow Melting in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Using an Optimized Remote Sensing Technique: A Case Study of Yushu Prefecture","display_name":"Monitoring Rock Desert Formation Caused by Ice\u2013Snow Melting in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Using an Optimized Remote Sensing Technique: A Case Study of Yushu Prefecture","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210701246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14030570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030570","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/570/pdf?version=1643116501","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/570/pdf?version=1643116501","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033427329","display_name":"Wei Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-5167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20616075","display_name":"Qinghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03az1t892","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Xining 810008, China","School of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Xining 810008, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080903368","display_name":"Weidong Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-9133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20616075","display_name":"Qinghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03az1t892","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053353190","display_name":"Peijun Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2968-7331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20616075","display_name":"Qinghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03az1t892","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peijun Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China","Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Xining 810008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Xining 810008, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073136918","display_name":"Jing\u2019ai Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing\u2019ai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Xining 810008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Xining 810008, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101819471","display_name":"Peng Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0615-9083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20616075","display_name":"Qinghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03az1t892","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053353190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20616075","https://openalex.org/I25254941"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8137,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67773633,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"570","last_page":"570"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.8464921712875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plateau","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","score":0.7442141771316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5662937760353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.5196800827980042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4619455933570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.4244341254234314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.3653443455696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.24695807695388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11746564507484436}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.8464921712875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7442141771316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5662937760353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.5196800827980042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4619455933570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.4244341254234314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.3653443455696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.24695807695388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11746564507484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14030570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030570","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/570/pdf?version=1643116501","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dbd5a9d5787944fba413caf44100fd2b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dbd5a9d5787944fba413caf44100fd2b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 3, p 570 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/3/570/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 3; Pages: 570","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14030570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14030570","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/570/pdf?version=1643116501","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210701246.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210701246.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502596079","https://openalex.org/W1969309236","https://openalex.org/W1984478718","https://openalex.org/W2026268101","https://openalex.org/W2038083647","https://openalex.org/W2050146416","https://openalex.org/W2061105079","https://openalex.org/W2061455376","https://openalex.org/W2078252173","https://openalex.org/W2299207302","https://openalex.org/W2317168295","https://openalex.org/W2317973318","https://openalex.org/W2363021010","https://openalex.org/W2363173277","https://openalex.org/W2377724324","https://openalex.org/W2378509209","https://openalex.org/W2381092848","https://openalex.org/W2402566135","https://openalex.org/W2566631835","https://openalex.org/W2771997837","https://openalex.org/W2790829139","https://openalex.org/W2912233707","https://openalex.org/W2922211161","https://openalex.org/W2949041034","https://openalex.org/W2994063056","https://openalex.org/W3041878737","https://openalex.org/W3092549392","https://openalex.org/W3097098296","https://openalex.org/W3129412873","https://openalex.org/W3136658594","https://openalex.org/W3144057279","https://openalex.org/W3164403478","https://openalex.org/W3174987235","https://openalex.org/W3204658243","https://openalex.org/W4385533228","https://openalex.org/W6630080577","https://openalex.org/W6660385920","https://openalex.org/W6669958077","https://openalex.org/W6697455612","https://openalex.org/W6771046094","https://openalex.org/W6780527029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987395627","https://openalex.org/W3205711025","https://openalex.org/W2361752202","https://openalex.org/W2381524346","https://openalex.org/W2258374003","https://openalex.org/W2361321561","https://openalex.org/W4281698696","https://openalex.org/W3101304972","https://openalex.org/W4206086527","https://openalex.org/W3160765919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,91,128,185],"rapid":[1,112],"and":[2,99,113,198,202,223,236],"effective":[3],"identification":[4],"of":[5,9,23,37,45,50,67,93,130,158,179,194,212,216,230,234],"the":[6,21,35,41,51,61,75,79,94,105,122,140,153,156,159,169,195,199,206,213,217,231],"spatial":[7],"distribution":[8],"rock":[10,76,118,201,207],"deserts":[11],"in":[12,40,78,121,152,182,205],"ice\u2013snow":[13,80,124,180,186,196,218],"melting":[14,43,81,125,181,187,219,238],"areas":[15,44],"can":[16,109,137,164],"provide":[17,110],"useful":[18],"information":[19],"for":[20,117,190,210,228],"prevention":[22],"natural":[24],"disasters.":[25],"In":[26,168],"this":[27],"study,":[28],"Landsat":[29],"TM/OLI":[30],"were":[31,71],"used":[32,72],"to":[33,56,73],"track":[34],"evolution":[36],"snow":[38,42,237],"lines":[39],"Yushu":[46,58,183],"Tibetan":[47],"Autonomous":[48],"Prefecture":[49],"Qinghai-Tibet":[52],"Plateau":[53],"(hereinafter":[54],"referred":[55],"as":[57],"Prefecture)":[59],"during":[60],"last":[62],"30":[63,171],"years.":[64],"A":[65],"total":[66,141,214,232],"seven":[68],"extraction":[69,120],"schemes":[70],"classify":[74],"desert":[77,119,208],"area":[82,188,215,226,233],"by":[83],"remote":[84],"sensing.":[85],"Our":[86],"results":[87],"show":[88],"that:":[89],"(1)":[90],"accuracy":[92,136,149,157,163],"multi-index":[95],"factor":[96],"compound":[97,102],"analysis":[98],"object-oriented":[100],"classification":[101],"method":[103,108,146,160],"was":[104],"highest.":[106],"This":[107],"a":[111,144,176],"efficient":[114],"reference":[115],"scheme":[116],"plateau":[123],"area.":[126,220,239],"(2)":[127],"combinations":[129],"two":[131],"single":[132,145],"methods":[133],"with":[134,147,161],"higher":[135],"further":[138],"improve":[139],"accuracy.":[142],"If":[143],"lower":[148,162],"is":[150],"involved":[151],"multi-method":[154],"fusion,":[155],"be":[165],"improved.":[166],"(3)":[167],"past":[170],"years,":[172],"there":[173],"has":[174],"been":[175],"large":[177],"amount":[178],"Prefecture.":[184],"accounts":[189],"53.78%":[191],"(1451.04":[192],"km2)":[193],"area,":[197],"bare":[200,203,224],"stone":[204],"account":[209,227],"63.77%":[211],"Bare":[221],"sand":[222],"soil":[225],"30.27%":[229],"ice":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}