{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205300785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020294","title":"Railway Track Recognition Based on Radar Cross-Section Statistical Characterization Using mmWave Radar","display_name":"Railway Track Recognition Based on Radar Cross-Section Statistical Characterization Using mmWave Radar","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205300785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14020294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020294","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/294/pdf?version=1641798906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/294/pdf?version=1641798906","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025820781","display_name":"Shuo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-4759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-4759","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067602494","display_name":"Jieqiong Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jieqiong Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079841400","display_name":"Weirong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6207-9100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weirong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100338782","display_name":"Heng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5592-7004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086861738","display_name":"Feng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-4559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010741968","display_name":"Zhengfa Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6989-6309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengfa Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025820781"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.2984,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47284966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"294","last_page":"294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.961899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9520000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7424237132072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.6048330068588257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/train","display_name":"Train","score":0.588991641998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.570347249507904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41479721665382385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.38160276412963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3807355761528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15592345595359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09806093573570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7424237132072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.6048330068588257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190839683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2448197","display_name":"Train","level":2,"score":0.588991641998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.570347249507904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41479721665382385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.38160276412963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3807355761528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15592345595359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09806093573570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14020294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020294","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/294/pdf?version=1641798906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8b128e75f9574d23b92c5bdf81b7d011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8b128e75f9574d23b92c5bdf81b7d011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 294 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/2/294/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14020294","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 294","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14020294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020294","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/294/pdf?version=1641798906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1804078864","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205300785.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590598639","https://openalex.org/W1984442391","https://openalex.org/W2332100668","https://openalex.org/W2340131540","https://openalex.org/W2343541469","https://openalex.org/W2548190090","https://openalex.org/W2550309571","https://openalex.org/W2572911286","https://openalex.org/W2744098360","https://openalex.org/W2752501796","https://openalex.org/W2782377436","https://openalex.org/W2799869055","https://openalex.org/W2884001104","https://openalex.org/W2885499182","https://openalex.org/W2887807614","https://openalex.org/W2891915332","https://openalex.org/W2914535831","https://openalex.org/W2915030171","https://openalex.org/W2964968743","https://openalex.org/W2971188567","https://openalex.org/W2972531291","https://openalex.org/W2973823742","https://openalex.org/W2990172967","https://openalex.org/W2991311268","https://openalex.org/W3004313762","https://openalex.org/W3113889984","https://openalex.org/W3127046396","https://openalex.org/W3133038668","https://openalex.org/W3162488315","https://openalex.org/W3200806367","https://openalex.org/W4256209052","https://openalex.org/W6729626842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W618248309","https://openalex.org/W2377336366","https://openalex.org/W1568097102","https://openalex.org/W4390419160","https://openalex.org/W1601203902","https://openalex.org/W2075798043","https://openalex.org/W2102464536","https://openalex.org/W4225671779","https://openalex.org/W649146757","https://openalex.org/W2392716122"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,14,135],"track":[1,16,38,70,90,112,118,143,155],"settlement":[2,17,39,71,119,156],"has":[3,124],"a":[4,74],"great":[5],"influence":[6],"on":[7,50],"the":[8,26,33,59,69,87,96,105,108,111,129,132,140,152,164,168],"safe":[9],"operation":[10],"of":[11,65,89,131,142,154,167],"high-speed":[12],"trains.":[13],"existing":[15],"measurement":[18,72,157],"approach":[19],"requires":[20],"sophisticated":[21],"or":[22],"expensive":[23],"equipments,":[24],"and":[25,110,145,151],"real-time":[27,117],"performance":[28],"is":[29,42,83,101,147],"limited.":[30],"To":[31],"address":[32],"issue,":[34],"an":[35],"ultra-high":[36],"resolution":[37],"detection":[40],"method":[41,82],"proposed":[43,133],"by":[44,57],"using":[45],"millimeter":[46],"wave":[47,54],"radar":[48,109],"based":[49,81],"frequency":[51],"modulated":[52],"continuous":[53],"(FMCW).":[55],"Firstly,":[56],"constructing":[58],"RCS":[60],"statistical":[61],"feature":[62],"data":[63],"set":[64],"multiple":[66],"objects":[67],"in":[68,92],"environment,":[73],"directed":[75],"acyclic":[76],"graph-support":[77],"vector":[78],"machine":[79],"(DAG-SVM)":[80],"designed":[84],"to":[85,103,127],"solve":[86],"problem":[88],"recognition":[91],"multi-object":[93],"scenes.":[94],"Then,":[95],"adaptive":[97],"chirp-z-transform":[98],"(ACZT)":[99],"algorithm":[100],"used":[102],"estimate":[104],"distance":[106],"between":[107],"surface,":[113],"which":[114,161],"realizes":[115],"automatic":[116],"detection.":[120],"An":[121],"experimental":[122,136],"platform":[123],"been":[125],"constructed":[126],"verify":[128],"effectiveness":[130],"method.":[134],"results":[137],"show":[138],"that":[139],"accuracy":[141,153,165],"classification":[144],"identification":[146],"at":[148],"least":[149],"95%,":[150],"exceeds":[158],"0.5":[159],"mm,":[160],"completely":[162],"meets":[163],"requirements":[166],"railway":[169],"system.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2022-01-25T00:00:00"}