{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206410989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020282","title":"Estimation of Terrestrial Water Storage Variations in Sichuan-Yunnan Region from GPS Observations Using Independent Component Analysis","display_name":"Estimation of Terrestrial Water Storage Variations in Sichuan-Yunnan Region from GPS Observations Using Independent Component Analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206410989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14020282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020282","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/282/pdf?version=1641624654","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/282/pdf?version=1641624654","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100780866","display_name":"Bin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1311-8839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048696544","display_name":"Wenkun Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenkun Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018904310","display_name":"Wujiao Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wujiao Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007585627","display_name":"Xuemin Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7741-4899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuemin Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074637987","display_name":"Cuilin Kuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-706X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cuilin Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048696544"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.9597,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83692857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"282","last_page":"282"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11786","display_name":"Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.7718532681465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.6556708812713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.6265830397605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.5931164026260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3825819790363312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.18699735403060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-basin","display_name":"Structural basin","score":0.11033064126968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.07230886816978455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.7718532681465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.6556708812713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6265830397605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.5931164026260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3825819790363312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.18699735403060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.11033064126968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07230886816978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14020282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020282","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/282/pdf?version=1641624654","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7e491addb6f7474bbce923c351f5b8e8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7e491addb6f7474bbce923c351f5b8e8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 282 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/2/282/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14020282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 282","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14020282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14020282","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/2/282/pdf?version=1641624654","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2014449818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020JJ5571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322866","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G655853858","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41904003, 41774040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322866","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206410989.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206410989.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W634457196","https://openalex.org/W1517059421","https://openalex.org/W1771025053","https://openalex.org/W1857304858","https://openalex.org/W1897997538","https://openalex.org/W1968735445","https://openalex.org/W1973869766","https://openalex.org/W1979825716","https://openalex.org/W1988831273","https://openalex.org/W2000257621","https://openalex.org/W2002722242","https://openalex.org/W2022376890","https://openalex.org/W2032438308","https://openalex.org/W2053926920","https://openalex.org/W2062221814","https://openalex.org/W2063708478","https://openalex.org/W2064578974","https://openalex.org/W2072204175","https://openalex.org/W2075493090","https://openalex.org/W2090098471","https://openalex.org/W2091736036","https://openalex.org/W2096694473","https://openalex.org/W2105241708","https://openalex.org/W2110690259","https://openalex.org/W2119132330","https://openalex.org/W2123649031","https://openalex.org/W2127393309","https://openalex.org/W2141224535","https://openalex.org/W2159268657","https://openalex.org/W2166006012","https://openalex.org/W2166866435","https://openalex.org/W2173283616","https://openalex.org/W2258211082","https://openalex.org/W2352320652","https://openalex.org/W2473929257","https://openalex.org/W2522389396","https://openalex.org/W2525779449","https://openalex.org/W2555329729","https://openalex.org/W2558378816","https://openalex.org/W2593605863","https://openalex.org/W2801309065","https://openalex.org/W2806630095","https://openalex.org/W2890906863","https://openalex.org/W2898734944","https://openalex.org/W2952251607","https://openalex.org/W2955008277","https://openalex.org/W2985516893","https://openalex.org/W2990695595","https://openalex.org/W3034074814","https://openalex.org/W3046209522","https://openalex.org/W3090089926","https://openalex.org/W3110266775","https://openalex.org/W4236486596","https://openalex.org/W6666889044"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162200841","https://openalex.org/W3204225186","https://openalex.org/W2586280620","https://openalex.org/W2805505483","https://openalex.org/W253106158","https://openalex.org/W2384744344","https://openalex.org/W1799694159","https://openalex.org/W2765672153","https://openalex.org/W2153741582","https://openalex.org/W2356895184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"GPS":[0,30,67,148],"can":[1,177],"be":[2,178],"used":[3],"to":[4,34,54,89],"measure":[5],"land":[6],"motions":[7],"induced":[8],"by":[9,145,159,180],"mass":[10],"loading":[11,162],"variations":[12,128,142],"on":[13,97],"the":[14,36,44,56,61,70,74,115,126,131,146,150,170],"Earth\u2019s":[15],"surface.":[16],"This":[17],"paper":[18],"presents":[19],"an":[20],"independent":[21],"component":[22],"analysis":[23],"(ICA)-based":[24],"inversion":[25],"method":[26,51],"that":[27,114],"uses":[28],"vertical":[29,62,83,147],"coordinate":[31,63],"time":[32,64],"series":[33,65],"estimate":[35],"change":[37],"of":[38,66,79],"terrestrial":[39],"water":[40,127],"storage":[41],"(TWS)":[42],"in":[43,47,69,137,169],"Sichuan-Yunnan":[45,71,138,152],"region":[46,72,171],"China.":[48],"The":[49,111,140,154],"ICA":[50,181],"was":[52],"applied":[53],"extract":[55],"hydrological":[57,107,135],"deformation":[58,84],"signals":[59,85],"from":[60,73,119,130],"stations":[68],"Crustal":[75],"Movement":[76],"Observation":[77],"Network":[78],"China":[80],"(CMONC).":[81],"These":[82],"were":[86,94],"then":[87],"inverted":[88],"TWS":[90,116,141],"variations.":[91],"Comparative":[92],"experiments":[93],"conducted":[95],"based":[96],"Gravity":[98],"Recovery":[99],"and":[100,105,134,176],"Climate":[101],"Experiment":[102],"(GRACE)":[103],"data":[104,133],"a":[106],"model":[108,136],"for":[109],"validation.":[110],"results":[112],"demonstrate":[113],"changes":[117],"estimated":[118],"GPS(ICA)":[120],"deformations":[121],"are":[122,143,156],"highly":[123],"correlated":[124],"with":[125,172],"derived":[129],"GRACE":[132],"region.":[139,153],"overestimated":[144],"observations":[149],"northwestern":[151],"anomalies":[155],"likely":[157],"caused":[158],"inaccurate":[160],"atmospheric":[161],"correction":[163],"models":[164],"or":[165],"residual":[166],"tropospheric":[167],"errors":[168],"high":[173],"topographic":[174],"variability":[175],"reduced":[179],"preprocessing.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}