{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206685381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010152","title":"Comparison of Macro- and Microphysical Properties in Precipitating and Non-Precipitating Clouds over Central-Eastern China during Warm Season","display_name":"Comparison of Macro- and Microphysical Properties in Precipitating and Non-Precipitating Clouds over Central-Eastern China during Warm Season","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206685381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14010152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010152","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/1/152/pdf?version=1641287601","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/1/152/pdf?version=1641287601","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110036187","display_name":"Xiaoyi Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145517","display_name":"Jilin Weather Modification Office","ror":"https://ror.org/056js0g95","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyi Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100605568","display_name":"Yuanjian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3486-6286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuanjian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Weather Disasters Collaborative Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Weather Disasters Collaborative Innovation Center, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016488397","display_name":"Ye Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7858-0437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145517","display_name":"Jilin Weather Modification Office","ror":"https://ror.org/056js0g95","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071723194","display_name":"Yimeng Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145517","display_name":"Jilin Weather Modification Office","ror":"https://ror.org/056js0g95","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanan Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034413397","display_name":"Jinlan Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145517","display_name":"Jilin Weather Modification Office","ror":"https://ror.org/056js0g95","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinlan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui Weather Modification Office, Hefei 230031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145517"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100605568"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092","https://openalex.org/I200845125"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.899,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74046938,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"152","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12383","display_name":"Aeolian processes and effects","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6405471563339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.6150115132331848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.5480594038963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-radius","display_name":"Effective radius","score":0.47865116596221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-water-content","display_name":"Liquid water content","score":0.4654885530471802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-water-path","display_name":"Liquid water path","score":0.4635429084300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.45324671268463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-cloud","display_name":"Ice cloud","score":0.4357910752296448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.37046268582344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3068910539150238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2623458206653595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17459836602210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14129099249839783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.09495440125465393}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6405471563339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.6150115132331848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5480594038963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779406902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1295998","display_name":"Effective radius","level":3,"score":0.47865116596221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85502700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995540","display_name":"Liquid water content","level":3,"score":0.4654885530471802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778516841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6557487","display_name":"Liquid water path","level":3,"score":0.4635429084300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.45324671268463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776120014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12119193","display_name":"Ice cloud","level":3,"score":0.4357910752296448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.37046268582344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3068910539150238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2623458206653595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17459836602210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14129099249839783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.09495440125465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14010152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010152","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/1/152/pdf?version=1641287601","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b996e60820874958bb9e245151bea048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b996e60820874958bb9e245151bea048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 1, p 152 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/1/152/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14010152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 1; Pages: 152","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14010152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14010152","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/1/152/pdf?version=1641287601","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3561371865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42175098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4130012279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFC1510303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6986074067","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Cloud","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206685381.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206685381.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532440780","https://openalex.org/W1592535415","https://openalex.org/W1613795631","https://openalex.org/W1669255424","https://openalex.org/W1888229659","https://openalex.org/W1932525227","https://openalex.org/W1958839835","https://openalex.org/W1964533533","https://openalex.org/W1983027686","https://openalex.org/W1984981544","https://openalex.org/W2001508251","https://openalex.org/W2004877374","https://openalex.org/W2011293781","https://openalex.org/W2025690933","https://openalex.org/W2030552667","https://openalex.org/W2031894925","https://openalex.org/W2046912179","https://openalex.org/W2048462336","https://openalex.org/W2055497217","https://openalex.org/W2073877895","https://openalex.org/W2080165048","https://openalex.org/W2083618481","https://openalex.org/W2088514945","https://openalex.org/W2099910040","https://openalex.org/W2102790171","https://openalex.org/W2114836436","https://openalex.org/W2120672014","https://openalex.org/W2122236008","https://openalex.org/W2125029666","https://openalex.org/W2134471431","https://openalex.org/W2134861810","https://openalex.org/W2139617495","https://openalex.org/W2141153426","https://openalex.org/W2149575456","https://openalex.org/W2152854726","https://openalex.org/W2166321345","https://openalex.org/W2233375325","https://openalex.org/W2409182597","https://openalex.org/W2481123110","https://openalex.org/W2507829742","https://openalex.org/W2531878983","https://openalex.org/W2579614569","https://openalex.org/W2588311207","https://openalex.org/W2596623377","https://openalex.org/W2725554615","https://openalex.org/W2741912193","https://openalex.org/W2766332837","https://openalex.org/W2786087770","https://openalex.org/W2796321071","https://openalex.org/W2800898671","https://openalex.org/W2802196849","https://openalex.org/W2804945269","https://openalex.org/W2883202725","https://openalex.org/W2884156068","https://openalex.org/W2886047610","https://openalex.org/W2906120598","https://openalex.org/W2926309282","https://openalex.org/W2944822747","https://openalex.org/W2944977115","https://openalex.org/W2945866713","https://openalex.org/W2957357082","https://openalex.org/W2968780308","https://openalex.org/W2990206279","https://openalex.org/W2996965694","https://openalex.org/W3000160246","https://openalex.org/W3001604186","https://openalex.org/W3034444408","https://openalex.org/W3123753573","https://openalex.org/W3204846790","https://openalex.org/W6646534316","https://openalex.org/W6677291427"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063636791","https://openalex.org/W2054417481","https://openalex.org/W3140268084","https://openalex.org/W2361377130","https://openalex.org/W2102290944","https://openalex.org/W2056935804","https://openalex.org/W4237422586","https://openalex.org/W3087041069","https://openalex.org/W1974556331","https://openalex.org/W2092611930"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,82],"macro-":[1,35],"and":[2,13,15,22,36,41,62,98,107,189,224,237],"microphysical":[3,37,185,225],"properties":[4,38,186],"of":[5,19,24,39,75,104,155,187,198,235,245,254],"clouds":[6,43,57,161,174,200,205,249],"can":[7,149],"reflect":[8],"their":[9],"vertical":[10,196],"physical":[11],"structure":[12],"evolution":[14,197],"are":[16],"important":[17],"indications":[18],"the":[20,34,48,56,91,117,153,156,184,195,230,233,242,252],"formation":[21],"development":[23],"precipitation.":[25],"We":[26],"used":[27],"four-year":[28],"merged":[29],"CloudSat-CALIPSO-MODIS":[30],"products":[31],"to":[32,123,152,162],"distinguish":[33],"precipitating":[40,190,204],"non-precipitating":[42,188,199],"over":[44],"central-eastern":[45],"China":[46],"during":[47],"warm":[49,236],"season":[50],"(May\u2013September).":[51],"Our":[52,227],"results":[53],"showed":[54,84],"that":[55,138,241],"were":[58,78,180,206],"dominated":[59],"by":[60],"single-":[61],"double-layer":[63],"forms":[64],"with":[65,71,88,135,175,194,201,211],"occurrence":[66],"frequencies":[67],"&gt;":[68,130,168],"85%.":[69],"Clouds":[70],"a":[72,124,128,212],"low":[73,243],"probability":[74],"precipitation":[76,246],"(POP)":[77],"usually":[79,170],"geometrically":[80],"thin.":[81],"POP":[83,118,167,234],"an":[85,121],"increasing":[86,122],"trend":[87,126],"increases":[89],"in":[90,133,172,183,216,221,232],"cloud":[92,112,157,222],"optical":[93],"depth,":[94],"liquid":[95],"water":[96,100,248],"path,":[97,101],"ice":[99,163],"reaching":[102],"maxima":[103],"50%,":[105],"60%,":[106],"75%,":[108],"respectively.":[109],"However,":[110],"as":[111],"effective":[113],"radius":[114],"(CER)":[115],"increased,":[116],"changed":[119],"from":[120,159,247],"decreasing":[125],"for":[127],"CER":[129],"22":[131],"\u03bcm,":[132],"contrast":[134,193],"our":[136],"perception":[137],"large":[139],"particles":[140],"fall":[141],"more":[142],"easily":[143],"against":[144],"updrafts,":[145],"but":[146],"this":[147],"shift":[148],"be":[150,251],"attributed":[151],"transition":[154],"phase":[158],"mixed":[160,173,238],"clouds.":[164,191],"A":[165],"high":[166],"60%":[169],"occurred":[171],"vigorous":[176],"ice-phase":[177],"processes.":[178,226],"There":[179],"clear":[181],"differences":[182,220,231],"In":[192],"weaker":[202],"reflectivity,":[203,217],"present":[207],"above":[208],"0":[209],"dBZ":[210],"significant":[213],"downward":[214],"increase":[215],"suggesting":[218,240],"inherent":[219],"dynamical":[223],"findings":[228],"highlight":[229],"clouds,":[239],"frequency":[244],"should":[250],"focus":[253],"future":[255],"studies.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
