{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200149905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245077","title":"GNSS-IR Measurements of Inter Annual Sea Level Variations in Thule, Greenland from 2008\u20132019","display_name":"GNSS-IR Measurements of Inter Annual Sea Level Variations in Thule, Greenland from 2008\u20132019","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200149905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13245077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245077","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/24/5077/pdf?version=1639494374","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/24/5077/pdf?version=1639494374","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Trine S. Dahl-Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-4844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Trine S. Dahl-Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Danish National Space Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Danish National Space Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064774963","display_name":"Ole Andersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6685-3415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ole B. Andersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Danish National Space Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Danish National Space Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082045575","display_name":"Simon Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-4973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197940685","display_name":"National Oceanography Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00874hx02","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197940685"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon D. P. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Oceanography Center, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Oceanography Center, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197940685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023548947","display_name":"Veit Helm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7788-9328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127251866","display_name":"Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum f\u00fcr Polar- und Meeresforschung","ror":"https://ror.org/032e6b942","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127251866","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veit Helm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127251866"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017829604","display_name":"Shfaqat Abbas Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2689-8563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shfaqat A. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Danish National Space Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Danish National Space Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.5242,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8160814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"24","first_page":"5077","last_page":"5077"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.8200600147247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tide-gauge","display_name":"Tide gauge","score":0.6316255927085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-level","display_name":"Sea level","score":0.6153907775878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodetic-datum","display_name":"Geodetic datum","score":0.5481744408607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5208385586738586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.478615939617157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.46266818046569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4533998668193817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.43904730677604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.3672521114349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.11994627118110657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.8200600147247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136856113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q686697","display_name":"Tide gauge","level":3,"score":0.6316255927085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74501621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125465","display_name":"Sea level","level":2,"score":0.6153907775878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58754882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502887","display_name":"Geodetic datum","level":2,"score":0.5481744408607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5208385586738586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.478615939617157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.46266818046569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4533998668193817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.43904730677604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.3672521114349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.11994627118110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13245077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245077","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/24/5077/pdf?version=1639494374","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:531793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400758","display_name":"NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141816643","host_organization_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141816643"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Publication - Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f4aa1f47e7364fb9bc81f557f6c0cc9f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f4aa1f47e7364fb9bc81f557f6c0cc9f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 24, p 5077 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epic.awi.de:55345","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400378","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum f\u00fcr Polar-und Meeresforschung (Alfred-Wegener-Institut)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799732068","host_organization_name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799732068"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EPIC3Remote Sensing, 13(24), pp. 5077, ISSN: 2072-4292","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/24/5077/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13245077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/bf38bea6-3ff9-4bc8-ad9a-fbd75068ee54","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/bf38bea6-3ff9-4bc8-ad9a-fbd75068ee54","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dahl-Jensen , T S , Andersen , O B , Williams , S D P , Helm , V & Khan , S A 2021 , ' GNSS-IR measurements of inter annual sea level variations in Thule, Greenland from 2008\u20132019 ' , Remote Sensing , vol. 13 , no. 24 , 5077 . https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245077","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13245077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245077","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/24/5077/pdf?version=1639494374","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2141841917","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"noc010012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4106241395","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Not applicable","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5700176411","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"noc010012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6002417485","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INTAROS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6736280183","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"727890","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200149905.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200149905.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901391163","https://openalex.org/W1920154388","https://openalex.org/W1965102260","https://openalex.org/W1971680876","https://openalex.org/W1978220353","https://openalex.org/W1989591467","https://openalex.org/W2024582165","https://openalex.org/W2039721961","https://openalex.org/W2054539972","https://openalex.org/W2096225198","https://openalex.org/W2100866193","https://openalex.org/W2117296630","https://openalex.org/W2128974637","https://openalex.org/W2150277639","https://openalex.org/W2491625194","https://openalex.org/W2523432198","https://openalex.org/W2560477285","https://openalex.org/W2593051926","https://openalex.org/W2741746736","https://openalex.org/W2749109638","https://openalex.org/W2917706562","https://openalex.org/W2961213142","https://openalex.org/W3011680550","https://openalex.org/W3042320043","https://openalex.org/W3050278542","https://openalex.org/W6639831213","https://openalex.org/W6775391501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2351353276","https://openalex.org/W1998447114","https://openalex.org/W2100144248","https://openalex.org/W2524847193","https://openalex.org/W2023899196","https://openalex.org/W3103008915","https://openalex.org/W2189170946","https://openalex.org/W2498856043","https://openalex.org/W3080505013","https://openalex.org/W3170852801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Studies":[0],"of":[1,35,77,96,132,193,216,232],"global":[2],"sea":[3,30,80,90,106,118,150,186,211,224],"level":[4,31,81,107,119,151,187,212,225],"often":[5],"exclude":[6],"Tide":[7],"Gauges":[8],"(TGs)":[9],"in":[10,83,174,210],"glaciated":[11],"regions":[12],"due":[13,176],"to":[14,28,138,162,177],"vertical":[15],"land":[16],"movement.":[17],"Recent":[18],"studies":[19,140],"show":[20],"that":[21,53,171],"geodetic":[22],"GNSS":[23,43,65],"stations":[24],"can":[25,55,72,202],"be":[26,73,203],"used":[27,74],"estimate":[29],"by":[32,63,89,102,206],"taking":[33],"advantage":[34],"the":[36,39,50,64,97,110,116,147,163,167,178,222],"reflections":[37],"from":[38,113,189,226],"ocean":[40],"surface":[41],"using":[42,109,141],"Interferometric":[44],"Reflectometry":[45],"(GNSS-IR).":[46],"This":[47],"method":[48],"has":[49],"immediate":[51],"benefit":[52],"one":[54],"directly":[56],"correct":[57],"for":[58,75,146],"bedrock":[59],"movements":[60],"as":[61,213],"measured":[62],"station.":[66],"Here":[67],"we":[68,124],"test":[69],"whether":[70],"GNSS-IR":[71,156,190],"measurements":[76,120],"inter":[78],"annual":[79,104,148],"variations":[82,108,152],"Thule,":[84],"Greenland,":[85],"which":[86,135],"is":[87,136,157,173],"affected":[88],"ice":[91,217],"and":[92,155,191,195,228],"icebergs":[93],"during":[94],"much":[95],"year.":[98],"We":[99,169,184,220],"do":[100],"this":[101,172],"comparing":[103],"average":[105,149],"two":[111],"methods":[112],"2008\u20132019.":[114],"Comparing":[115],"individual":[117],"over":[121],"short":[122],"timescales":[123],"find":[125,185,229],"a":[126,207,214,230],"root":[127],"mean":[128],"square":[129],"deviation":[130],"(RMSD)":[131],"13":[133],"cm,":[134],"similar":[137],"other":[139],"spectral":[142],"methods.":[143],"The":[144,199],"RMSD":[145],"between":[153],"TG":[154,179,192],"large":[158],"(18":[159],"mm)":[160],"compared":[161],"estimated":[164],"uncertainties":[165],"concerning":[166],"measurements.":[168],"expect":[170],"part":[175],"not":[180],"being":[181],"datum":[182],"controlled.":[183],"trends":[188],"\u22124":[194],"\u22127":[196],"mm/year,":[197],"respectively.":[198],"negative":[200],"trend":[201,231],"partly":[204],"explained":[205],"gravimetric":[208,223],"decrease":[209],"result":[215],"mass":[218],"changes.":[219],"model":[221],"2008\u20132017":[227],"\u22123":[233],"mm/year.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}