{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216055177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234824","title":"Evaluation of the Performance of Time-Series Sentinel-1 Data for Discriminating Rock Units","display_name":"Evaluation of the Performance of Time-Series Sentinel-1 Data for Discriminating Rock Units","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216055177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234824","mag":"3216055177"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234824","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4824/pdf?version=1638197863","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4824/pdf?version=1638197863","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112240916","display_name":"Yi Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034462511","display_name":"Changbao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4793-4874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changbao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102840219","display_name":"Qigang Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-3593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qigang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102840219"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.4731,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96058146,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"23","first_page":"4824","last_page":"4824"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.7093623280525208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5572879910469055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5461848378181458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5362970232963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5156456232070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.4767552316188812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.31473076343536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20477792620658875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.177684485912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11444085836410522}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.7093623280525208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5572879910469055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5461848378181458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5362970232963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5156456232070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.4767552316188812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.31473076343536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20477792620658875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.177684485912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11444085836410522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234824","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4824/pdf?version=1638197863","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cc6092d4686444af848c631e651d1f98","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cc6092d4686444af848c631e651d1f98","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 23, p 4824 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/23/4824/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13234824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234824","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4824/pdf?version=1638197863","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1671057415","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201905","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322300","funder_display_name":"Jilin University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322300","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3216055177.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3216055177.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1008481652","https://openalex.org/W1611215269","https://openalex.org/W1963607549","https://openalex.org/W1970887181","https://openalex.org/W1981586527","https://openalex.org/W1984710860","https://openalex.org/W1986734882","https://openalex.org/W1991367406","https://openalex.org/W1998542090","https://openalex.org/W1999126795","https://openalex.org/W2008323412","https://openalex.org/W2014462408","https://openalex.org/W2016435228","https://openalex.org/W2017922808","https://openalex.org/W2018392008","https://openalex.org/W2028404831","https://openalex.org/W2029697910","https://openalex.org/W2037681640","https://openalex.org/W2041282815","https://openalex.org/W2041556810","https://openalex.org/W2043185941","https://openalex.org/W2066696084","https://openalex.org/W2080103445","https://openalex.org/W2082140503","https://openalex.org/W2098449469","https://openalex.org/W2112106107","https://openalex.org/W2123291902","https://openalex.org/W2123859765","https://openalex.org/W2131090007","https://openalex.org/W2132474666","https://openalex.org/W2134257514","https://openalex.org/W2141414687","https://openalex.org/W2162175441","https://openalex.org/W2215387337","https://openalex.org/W2414181699","https://openalex.org/W2521122436","https://openalex.org/W2521441182","https://openalex.org/W2582144242","https://openalex.org/W2620086645","https://openalex.org/W2742500659","https://openalex.org/W2766586799","https://openalex.org/W2782133852","https://openalex.org/W2800585695","https://openalex.org/W2883471703","https://openalex.org/W2885354990","https://openalex.org/W2889693280","https://openalex.org/W2890857964","https://openalex.org/W2893762521","https://openalex.org/W2896826379","https://openalex.org/W2899506481","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912380233","https://openalex.org/W2932813851","https://openalex.org/W2947319370","https://openalex.org/W2952411786","https://openalex.org/W2973071571","https://openalex.org/W2989969664","https://openalex.org/W2991264163","https://openalex.org/W2995462613","https://openalex.org/W2997603424","https://openalex.org/W2999468929","https://openalex.org/W3000672795","https://openalex.org/W3002734626","https://openalex.org/W3002867668","https://openalex.org/W3041690742","https://openalex.org/W3043983331","https://openalex.org/W3090251177","https://openalex.org/W3145211441","https://openalex.org/W3196551448","https://openalex.org/W6636666269","https://openalex.org/W6646450810","https://openalex.org/W6679694719","https://openalex.org/W6771508001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984559991","https://openalex.org/W1799242668","https://openalex.org/W2502358642","https://openalex.org/W3165883639","https://openalex.org/W1847813119","https://openalex.org/W2068956457","https://openalex.org/W4252699458","https://openalex.org/W2622688551","https://openalex.org/W1550175370","https://openalex.org/W1990205660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"potential":[1,223],"use":[2,142],"of":[3,48,69,143,224],"time-series":[4,25,71,112,120,152,225],"Sentinel-1":[5,26,153,170,226],"synthetic":[6],"aperture":[7],"radar":[8],"(SAR)":[9],"data":[10,27,154,227],"for":[11,103,215,228],"rock":[12,76,100,187,192,207,229],"unit":[13,230],"discrimination":[14,158],"has":[15],"never":[16],"been":[17],"explored":[18],"in":[19,41],"previous":[20],"studies.":[21],"Here,":[22],"we":[23],"employed":[24],"to":[28,58,98,165,168],"discriminate":[29,99],"Dananhu":[30],"formation,":[31,38],"Xinjiang":[32,197],"group,":[33,36,132],"Granite,":[34],"Wusu":[35],"Xishanyao":[37],"and":[39,54,86,125,140,146,174,196],"Diorite":[40],"Xinjiang,":[42],"China.":[43],"Firstly,":[44],"the":[45,49,66,70,81,104,157,182,190,194,204,210,221],"temporal":[46],"variation":[47],"backscatter":[50,113,117,121,137,144,183],"metrics":[51,73,122],"(backscatter":[52],"coefficient":[53,145,184],"coherence)":[55],"from":[56,61],"April":[57],"October":[59],"derived":[60],"Sentinel-1,":[62],"was":[63],"analyzed.":[64],"Then,":[65],"significant":[67,89],"differences":[68],"SAR":[72],"among":[74],"different":[75],"units":[77],"were":[78,96,108,134],"checked":[79],"using":[80],"Kruskal\u2013Wallis":[82],"rank":[83],"sum":[84],"test":[85],"Tukey\u2019s":[87],"honest":[88],"difference":[90],"test.":[91],"Finally,":[92],"random":[93],"forest":[94],"models":[95],"used":[97],"units.":[101,188,208],"As":[102],"input":[105],"features,":[106],"there":[107,133],"four":[109,206],"groups:":[110],"(1)":[111],"metrics,":[114,118],"(2)":[115],"single-date":[116,169],"(3)":[119],"at":[123],"VV,":[124],"(4)":[126],"VH":[127,175],"channel.":[128],"In":[129],"each":[130],"feature":[131],"three":[135],"sub-groups:":[136],"coefficient,":[138],"coherence,":[139],"combined":[141],"coherence.":[147],"Our":[148],"results":[149],"showed":[150],"that":[151],"could":[155],"improve":[156],"accuracy":[159],"by":[160],"roughly":[161],"9%":[162],"(from":[163],"55.4%":[164],"64.4%),":[166],"compared":[167],"data.":[171],"Both":[172],"VV":[173],"polarization":[176],"provided":[177],"comparable":[178],"results.":[179],"Coherence":[180],"complements":[181],"when":[185],"discriminating":[186],"Among":[189],"six":[191],"units,":[193],"Granite":[195],"group":[198],"can":[199],"be":[200],"better":[201],"differentiated":[202],"than":[203],"other":[205],"Though":[209],"result":[211],"still":[212],"leaves":[213],"space":[214],"improvement,":[216],"this":[217],"study":[218],"further":[219],"demonstrates":[220],"great":[222],"discrimination.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
