{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214894962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234798","title":"Performance of GPS Positioning in the Presence of Irregularities in the Auroral and Polar Ionospheres during EISCAT UHF/ESR Measurements","display_name":"Performance of GPS Positioning in the Presence of Irregularities in the Auroral and Polar Ionospheres during EISCAT UHF/ESR Measurements","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214894962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234798","mag":"3214894962"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4798/pdf?version=1637935644","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4798/pdf?version=1637935644","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034030967","display_name":"Habila Mormi John","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2877-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Habila Mormi John","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2877-8511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005402943","display_name":"Biagio Forte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1682-1930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biagio Forte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062665328","display_name":"I. Astin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8964-6286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Astin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069554743","display_name":"Tom Allbrook","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Allbrook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher, Kent, Rochester ME1, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, Kent, Rochester ME1, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090743786","display_name":"Alex Arnold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5256-0067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801520950","display_name":"At Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/039fp5n52","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801520950"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Arnold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher, Bristol BS1, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5256-0067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, Bristol BS1, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801520950"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076082980","display_name":"Bruno C\u00e9sar Vani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-9227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107371206","display_name":"Federal Institute of S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/005pn5z34","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107371206"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Cesar Vani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014IFSP, 28909-971 Sao Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-9227","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014IFSP, 28909-971 Sao Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107371206"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026629340","display_name":"I. H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-6915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802207099","display_name":"European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association","ror":"https://ror.org/02r30yj10","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802207099"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingemar H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","raw_affiliation_strings":["EISCAT Scientific Association, SE-981 28 Kiruna, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-6915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EISCAT Scientific Association, SE-981 28 Kiruna, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802207099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034030967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8011,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74677049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"23","first_page":"4798","last_page":"4798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.7019743323326111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.6867591142654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.6762857437133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.5267704725265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-high-frequency","display_name":"Ultra high frequency","score":0.4970302879810333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.48739010095596313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar","display_name":"Polar","score":0.4836669862270355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.42117446660995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3843151330947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.331119567155838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3248307704925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.1957620084285736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.1288701295852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.08065977692604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07640144228935242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.7019743323326111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.6867591142654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.6762857437133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.5267704725265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96122199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628096","display_name":"Ultra high frequency","level":2,"score":0.4970302879810333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.48739010095596313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.4836669862270355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.42117446660995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3843151330947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.331119567155838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3248307704925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.1957620084285736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1288701295852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.08065977692604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07640144228935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4798/pdf?version=1637935644","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:19c8f2bdbc044468b81d44af1a254a9d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/19c8f2bdbc044468b81d44af1a254a9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 23, p 4798 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/23/4798/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13234798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:openaire/fbb7bcc4-3706-43f6-9473-4215f81d0832","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/fbb7bcc4-3706-43f6-9473-4215f81d0832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"John, H M, Forte, B, Astin, I, Allbrook, T, Arnold, A, Vani, B C & H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m, I 2021, 'Performance of GPS positioning in the presence of irregularities in the auroral and polar ionospheres during EISCAT UHF/ESR measurements', Remote Sensing, vol. 13, no. 23, 4798. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234798","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:publications/fbb7bcc4-3706-43f6-9473-4215f81d0832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120173110&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4798/pdf?version=1637935644","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2616397888","display_name":"Space Weather Instrumentation, Measurement, Modelling and Risk: Ionosphere (SWIMMR-I)","funder_award_id":"NE/V002597/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4865085353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant number NE/V002597/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5385860700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/R009082/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6098789748","display_name":"Space weather disruptions to satellite navigation and telecommunications: ionospheric scintillation","funder_award_id":"NE/R009082/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7345658070","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/R009082/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309820","display_name":"Universitetet i Troms\u00f8","ror":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321897","display_name":"Sveriges Geologiska Unders\u00f6kning","ror":"https://ror.org/050rtva22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323692","display_name":"Oulun Yliopisto","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325509","display_name":"National Institute of Polar Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05k6m5t95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335413","display_name":"Petroleum Technology Development Fund","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335584","display_name":"Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam - Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214894962.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214894962.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197194654","https://openalex.org/W623125886","https://openalex.org/W1964409047","https://openalex.org/W1969939575","https://openalex.org/W1993140116","https://openalex.org/W1993734619","https://openalex.org/W1997574807","https://openalex.org/W1999851947","https://openalex.org/W2009696573","https://openalex.org/W2030518758","https://openalex.org/W2044201548","https://openalex.org/W2065331194","https://openalex.org/W2068265070","https://openalex.org/W2072489626","https://openalex.org/W2128038654","https://openalex.org/W2137396739","https://openalex.org/W2137837588","https://openalex.org/W2137927024","https://openalex.org/W2151437633","https://openalex.org/W2155801905","https://openalex.org/W2156263852","https://openalex.org/W2165421589","https://openalex.org/W2168008333","https://openalex.org/W2257310354","https://openalex.org/W2270399283","https://openalex.org/W2399296474","https://openalex.org/W2582627219","https://openalex.org/W2625043143","https://openalex.org/W2751750895","https://openalex.org/W2788023188","https://openalex.org/W2801313301","https://openalex.org/W2805795343","https://openalex.org/W2903171138","https://openalex.org/W2917833516","https://openalex.org/W2921473908","https://openalex.org/W2995722939","https://openalex.org/W3080337081","https://openalex.org/W3081121940","https://openalex.org/W3128134692","https://openalex.org/W3130682789","https://openalex.org/W3134038073","https://openalex.org/W3195200649","https://openalex.org/W3196778773","https://openalex.org/W4210984302","https://openalex.org/W6712845520"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386936491","https://openalex.org/W3007931018","https://openalex.org/W3110195467","https://openalex.org/W2036374021","https://openalex.org/W3090532395","https://openalex.org/W2925227264","https://openalex.org/W2124113870","https://openalex.org/W3033823235","https://openalex.org/W2347832052","https://openalex.org/W4301665707"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Irregularities":[0],"in":[1,12,35,49,52,102,106,110,176,187,196],"the":[2,13,36,53,88,96,103,111,124,127,134,140,161,177,188,197],"spatial":[3],"distribution":[4],"of":[5,17,29,55,113,126,136,164,179,194],"ionospheric":[6],"electron":[7],"density":[8],"introduce":[9],"temporal":[10],"fluctuations":[11,31],"intensity":[14],"and":[15,38,65,80,109,133],"phase":[16,30],"radio":[18],"signals":[19],"received":[20],"from":[21,33,63,119],"Global":[22],"Navigation":[23],"Satellite":[24],"Systems":[25],"(GNSS).":[26],"The":[27,84],"impact":[28],"originating":[32],"irregularities":[34,91,180],"auroral":[37],"polar":[39],"ionospheres":[40],"on":[41,46,95],"GPS":[42,64],"positioning":[43,73,104,129,141],"was":[44,131],"investigated":[45],"three":[47],"days":[48],"March":[50],"2018":[51],"presence":[54,135,178],"quiet-to-moderately":[56],"disturbed":[57],"magnetic":[58],"conditions":[59],"by":[60],"combining":[61],"measurements":[62],"EISCAT":[66],"UHF/ESR":[67],"incoherent":[68],"scatter":[69],"radars.":[70],"Two":[71],"different":[72],"solutions":[74,142],"were":[75,143],"analysed:":[76],"broadcast":[77],"kinematic":[78],"(BK)":[79],"precise":[81],"static":[82],"(PS).":[83],"results":[85],"show":[86],"that":[87,123,167],"propagation":[89],"through":[90],"induced":[92],"residual":[93,165],"errors":[94,166],"observables":[97],"leading":[98],"to":[99,160,191],"an":[100],"increase":[101],"error,":[105],"its":[107],"variability,":[108],"occurrence":[112],"gaps.":[114],"An":[115],"important":[116],"aspect":[117],"emerging":[118],"this":[120],"study":[121],"is":[122,158],"variability":[125],"3-D":[128],"error":[130],"reduced,":[132],"gaps":[137],"disappeared":[138],"when":[139],"evaluated":[144],"at":[145,152],"a":[146,153],"1":[147],"s":[148,155,173],"rate":[149],"rather":[150],"than":[151],"30":[154,172],"rate.":[156],"This":[157],"due":[159],"transient":[162],"nature":[163],"are":[168],"more":[169],"significant":[170],"over":[171],"time":[174],"intervals":[175],"with":[181],"scale":[182],"size":[183],"between":[184],"few":[185,192],"kilometres":[186,195],"E":[189],"region":[190],"tens":[193],"F":[198],"region.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
