{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214988393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234782","title":"Application of Supervised Machine Learning Technique on LiDAR Data for Monitoring Coastal Land Evolution","display_name":"Application of Supervised Machine Learning Technique on LiDAR Data for Monitoring Coastal Land Evolution","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214988393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234782","mag":"3214988393"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234782","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4782/pdf?version=1638155896","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4782/pdf?version=1638155896","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045945005","display_name":"Maurizio Barbarella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Barbarella","raw_affiliation_strings":["DICAM-ARCES, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DICAM-ARCES, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031544179","display_name":"Alessandro Di Benedetto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4552-9173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Di Benedetto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046857480","display_name":"Margherita Fiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-5556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margherita Fiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031544179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.5397,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92950721,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"23","first_page":"4782","last_page":"4782"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10889","display_name":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.6864872574806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landform","display_name":"Landform","score":0.6537283658981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.5969719886779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.5841981768608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5735006332397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.4971762001514435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4574815630912781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3652682900428772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3577447831630707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3454377353191376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.3343992233276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15327468514442444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.6864872574806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108497213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271669","display_name":"Landform","level":2,"score":0.6537283658981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.5969719886779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.5841981768608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5735006332397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.4971762001514435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4574815630912781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3652682900428772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3577447831630707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3454377353191376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3343992233276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15327468514442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234782","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4782/pdf?version=1638155896","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:153adc2962f24bc68c2c52eb1e557ec3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/153adc2962f24bc68c2c52eb1e557ec3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 23, p 4782 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/23/4782/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13234782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:199808","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/199808","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.199808","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.199808","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"graphic"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13234782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234782","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/23/4782/pdf?version=1638155896","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2380869677","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20179BP4SM","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214988393.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214988393.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555328055","https://openalex.org/W1680797894","https://openalex.org/W1873332500","https://openalex.org/W1968677651","https://openalex.org/W1982623886","https://openalex.org/W1983631475","https://openalex.org/W1983651779","https://openalex.org/W1988378279","https://openalex.org/W1990729297","https://openalex.org/W1990748933","https://openalex.org/W2005202386","https://openalex.org/W2008432657","https://openalex.org/W2021851084","https://openalex.org/W2026492654","https://openalex.org/W2037402385","https://openalex.org/W2037967790","https://openalex.org/W2044648858","https://openalex.org/W2051649688","https://openalex.org/W2065217067","https://openalex.org/W2090715229","https://openalex.org/W2097601813","https://openalex.org/W2113207845","https://openalex.org/W2114298716","https://openalex.org/W2144935315","https://openalex.org/W2156665896","https://openalex.org/W2158143121","https://openalex.org/W2221487567","https://openalex.org/W2417137833","https://openalex.org/W2596043126","https://openalex.org/W2599500356","https://openalex.org/W2620509500","https://openalex.org/W2621394109","https://openalex.org/W2735810309","https://openalex.org/W2753093605","https://openalex.org/W2754252800","https://openalex.org/W2783805773","https://openalex.org/W2793831793","https://openalex.org/W2799194774","https://openalex.org/W2799716711","https://openalex.org/W2808860853","https://openalex.org/W2894328777","https://openalex.org/W2964203840","https://openalex.org/W2969688345","https://openalex.org/W2990038058","https://openalex.org/W2995821078","https://openalex.org/W3004932743","https://openalex.org/W3006583570","https://openalex.org/W3006958671","https://openalex.org/W3010757542","https://openalex.org/W3013070584","https://openalex.org/W3014673353","https://openalex.org/W3032913569","https://openalex.org/W3036091573","https://openalex.org/W3037891846","https://openalex.org/W3039888984","https://openalex.org/W3049181801","https://openalex.org/W3088698272","https://openalex.org/W3133557031","https://openalex.org/W3138633680","https://openalex.org/W3139054774","https://openalex.org/W3204384041","https://openalex.org/W4210949798","https://openalex.org/W6639175750","https://openalex.org/W6647905151","https://openalex.org/W6680962578","https://openalex.org/W6744072370"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W4406302447","https://openalex.org/W3178049752","https://openalex.org/W2373784975","https://openalex.org/W4320725409","https://openalex.org/W3002065998","https://openalex.org/W4321493663","https://openalex.org/W2765506514","https://openalex.org/W2014835793","https://openalex.org/W1527642193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"Learning":[1],"(ML)":[2],"techniques":[3,26],"are":[4],"now":[5],"being":[6],"used":[7,131],"very":[8],"successfully":[9],"in":[10,15,32,206],"predicting":[11],"and":[12,22,39,104,154],"supporting":[13],"decisions":[14],"multiple":[16],"areas":[17,215],"such":[18],"as":[19,116],"environmental":[20],"issues":[21],"land":[23],"management.":[24],"These":[25],"have":[27,86],"also":[28,187],"provided":[29],"promising":[30],"results":[31,167],"the":[33,50,72,81,134,136,144,155,160,171,181,190,194,207,217],"field":[34],"of":[35,44,71,75,180,193],"natural":[36],"hazard":[37],"assessment":[38],"risk":[40],"mapping.":[41],"The":[42,165,201],"aim":[43],"this":[45],"work":[46],"is":[47],"to":[48,54,59,117,132,213],"apply":[49],"Supervised":[51],"ML":[52],"technique":[53],"train":[55,80,133],"a":[56,61,95],"model":[57,67,174],"able":[58],"classify":[60],"particular":[62],"gravity-driven":[63],"coastal":[64,219],"hillslope":[65],"geomorphic":[66],"(slope-over-wall)":[68],"involving":[69],"most":[70,137],"soft":[73],"rocks":[74],"Cilento":[76],"(southern":[77],"Italy).":[78],"To":[79],"model,":[82,135,202],"only":[83],"geometric":[84],"data":[85],"been":[87],"used,":[88],"namely":[89],"morphometric":[90,126],"feature":[91],"maps":[92,109],"computed":[93,111],"on":[94],"Digital":[96],"Terrain":[97],"Model":[98],"(DTM)":[99],"derived":[100,158],"from":[101,128,159],"Light":[102],"Detection":[103],"Ranging":[105],"(LiDAR)":[106],"data.":[107],"Morphometric":[108],"were":[110,130,140,152,163,168],"using":[112,170],"third-order":[113],"polynomials,":[114],"so":[115],"obtain":[118],"products":[119],"that":[120,189],"best":[121,166],"describe":[122],"landforms.":[123],"Not":[124],"all":[125],"parameters":[127],"literature":[129],"significant":[138],"ones":[139],"chosen":[141],"by":[142],"applying":[143],"Neighborhood":[145],"Component":[146],"Analysis":[147,179],"(NCA)":[148],"method.":[149],"Different":[150],"models":[151],"trained":[153],"main":[156],"indicators":[157],"confusion":[161],"matrices":[162],"compared.":[164],"obtained":[169],"Weighted":[172],"k-NN":[173],"(accuracy":[175],"score":[176],"=":[177],"75%).":[178],"Receiver":[182],"Operating":[183],"Characteristic":[184],"(ROC)":[185],"curves":[186],"shows":[188],"discriminating":[191],"capacity":[192],"test":[195],"reached":[196],"percentages":[197],"higher":[198],"than":[199],"95%.":[200],"resulting":[203],"more":[204],"accurate":[205],"training":[208],"area,":[209],"will":[210],"be":[211],"extended":[212],"similar":[214],"along":[216],"Tyrrhenian":[218],"land.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
