{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213582887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224540","title":"Mapping Amazon Forest Productivity by Fusing GEDI Lidar Waveforms with an Individual-Based Forest Model","display_name":"Mapping Amazon Forest Productivity by Fusing GEDI Lidar Waveforms with an Individual-Based Forest Model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213582887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224540","mag":"3213582887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13224540","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224540","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4540/pdf?version=1636640683","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4540/pdf?version=1636640683","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025090654","display_name":"Luise Bauer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137479271","display_name":"Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/000h6jb29","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I137479271"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luise Bauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research\u2014UFZ Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research\u2014UFZ Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137479271"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079635848","display_name":"Nikolai Knapp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5065-9979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137479271","display_name":"Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/000h6jb29","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I137479271"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolai Knapp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research\u2014UFZ Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany","Th\u00fcnen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-M\u00f6ller-Str. 1, Haus 41/42, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5065-9979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research\u2014UFZ Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137479271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Th\u00fcnen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-M\u00f6ller-Str. 1, Haus 41/42, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037566210","display_name":"Rico Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-0095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137479271","display_name":"Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/000h6jb29","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I137479271"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rico Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research\u2014UFZ Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-0095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research\u2014UFZ Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137479271"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025090654"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137479271"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.777,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65621675,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"22","first_page":"4540","last_page":"4540"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amazon-rainforest","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","score":0.8089669942855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.7542906999588013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecoregion","display_name":"Ecoregion","score":0.7312698364257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainforest","display_name":"Rainforest","score":0.7178762555122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5841108560562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-canopy","display_name":"Tree canopy","score":0.4553646445274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deforestation","display_name":"Deforestation (computer science)","score":0.44180259108543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.4189736247062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-ecology","display_name":"Forest ecology","score":0.41172146797180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.4112722873687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem","display_name":"Ecosystem","score":0.4077207148075104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forestry","display_name":"Forestry","score":0.40317943692207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agroforestry","display_name":"Agroforestry","score":0.3764570355415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.36826616525650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.2681821584701538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08820798993110657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535291247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177567","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","level":2,"score":0.8089669942855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.7542906999588013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776191655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295469","display_name":"Ecoregion","level":2,"score":0.7312698364257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2619416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9444","display_name":"Rainforest","level":2,"score":0.7178762555122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5841108560562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39807119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134228","display_name":"Tree canopy","level":3,"score":0.4553646445274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777399953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155658","display_name":"Deforestation (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.44180259108543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.4189736247062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73935091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2249329","display_name":"Forest ecology","level":3,"score":0.41172146797180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.4112722873687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.4077207148075104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.40317943692207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.3764570355415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.36826616525650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2681821584701538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08820798993110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13224540","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224540","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4540/pdf?version=1636640683","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6d47daca7736488c8bff0bc4f0159979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6d47daca7736488c8bff0bc4f0159979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 22, p 4540 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/22/4540/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 22; Pages: 4540","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13224540","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224540","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4540/pdf?version=1636640683","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3213582887.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515756630","https://openalex.org/W1590229474","https://openalex.org/W1978209045","https://openalex.org/W1979144473","https://openalex.org/W2008697864","https://openalex.org/W2019679719","https://openalex.org/W2022224360","https://openalex.org/W2025969570","https://openalex.org/W2069448034","https://openalex.org/W2072613263","https://openalex.org/W2093540905","https://openalex.org/W2101748122","https://openalex.org/W2107474547","https://openalex.org/W2109631166","https://openalex.org/W2117401790","https://openalex.org/W2132041750","https://openalex.org/W2136830425","https://openalex.org/W2138450686","https://openalex.org/W2146490878","https://openalex.org/W2158958908","https://openalex.org/W2166394891","https://openalex.org/W2225955099","https://openalex.org/W2569037512","https://openalex.org/W2605932719","https://openalex.org/W2612245921","https://openalex.org/W2757166291","https://openalex.org/W2769933020","https://openalex.org/W2785591463","https://openalex.org/W2797584188","https://openalex.org/W2883666593","https://openalex.org/W2916961622","https://openalex.org/W2919828522","https://openalex.org/W2960037843","https://openalex.org/W2969521010","https://openalex.org/W2984835294","https://openalex.org/W3003509779","https://openalex.org/W3041162500","https://openalex.org/W3049530120","https://openalex.org/W3111227849","https://openalex.org/W3122223605","https://openalex.org/W3158692511","https://openalex.org/W3159749449","https://openalex.org/W3165084471","https://openalex.org/W3169373301","https://openalex.org/W3170491478","https://openalex.org/W3177498683","https://openalex.org/W6747913231"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W849327309","https://openalex.org/W2157135907","https://openalex.org/W3087837298","https://openalex.org/W2400855259","https://openalex.org/W1978193949","https://openalex.org/W2910429312","https://openalex.org/W83404948","https://openalex.org/W3024358897","https://openalex.org/W2292812756","https://openalex.org/W4289205746"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,27,225],"Amazon":[1,100,125,221,231,247,266],"rainforest":[2,126,222,267],"plays":[3],"an":[4],"important":[5],"role":[6,47],"in":[7,60,141,245,280],"the":[8,35,42,46,98,106,117,124,142,150,162,170,214,220,230,242,246,251,261,265,270,277,298],"global":[9,301,307],"carbon":[10,22,39,75,227,262,290,302],"cycle.":[11],"However,":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,33,70,183,235,305],"its":[15,21],"structural":[16],"complexity,":[17],"current":[18],"estimates":[19],"of":[20,29,41,48,91,123,144,176,219,229,264,300],"dynamics":[23],"are":[24,68],"very":[25],"imprecise.":[26],"aim":[28],"this":[30,78,111],"study":[31],"was":[32,127,181,198,211,223,233],"determine":[34],"forest":[36,107,284],"productivity":[37,121,180],"and":[38,102,155,174,188,200,254,286],"balance":[40,228],"Amazon,":[43],"particularly":[44],"considering":[45],"canopy":[49,57,171,195,208,272],"height":[50,58,172,196,209],"complexity.":[51],"Recent":[52],"satellite":[53],"missions":[54],"have":[55],"measured":[56],"variability":[59],"great":[61],"detail":[62],"over":[63,97],"large":[64],"areas.":[65],"Forest":[66,179],"models":[67],"able":[69],"transform":[71],"these":[72],"measurements":[73,274],"into":[74,105],"dynamics.":[76],"For":[77,147],"purpose,":[79],"about":[80],"110":[81],"million":[82],"lidar":[83],"waveforms":[84],"from":[85],"NASA\u2019s":[86],"GEDI":[87,278],"mission":[88,279],"(footprint":[89],"diameters":[90],"~25":[92],"m":[93],"each)":[94],"were":[95],"analyzed":[96],"entire":[99],"ecoregion":[101,232],"then":[103],"integrated":[104],"model":[108,285],"FORMIND.":[109],"With":[110],"model\u2013data":[112,258],"fusion,":[113],"we":[114,165],"found":[115,166,182,234,287],"that":[116],"total":[118,226],"gross":[119],"primary":[120],"(GPP)":[122],"11.4":[128],"Pg":[129,238],"C":[130,135,158,191,204,239],"a\u22121":[131],"(average:":[132],"21.1":[133],"Mg":[134,157,190,203],"ha\u22121":[136,159,192,205],"a\u22121)":[137,193,206],"with":[138,241,282],"lowest":[139],"values":[140,244],"Arc":[143],"Deforestation":[145],"region.":[146],"old-growth":[148,177],"forests,":[149],"GPP":[151,175],"varied":[152],"between":[153,169,249],"15":[154],"45":[156,189],"a\u22121.":[160],"At":[161],"same":[163],"time,":[164],"a":[167,283,288],"correlation":[168],"complexity":[173,197,210],"forests.":[178],"be":[184,236,295],"higher":[185],"(between":[186],"25":[187],"when":[194,207],"low":[199],"lower":[201],"(10\u201325":[202],"high.":[212],"Furthermore,":[213],"net":[215],"ecosystem":[216],"exchange":[217],"(NEE)":[218],"determined.":[224],"\u22120.1":[237],"a\u22121,":[240],"highest":[243],"Basin":[248],"both":[250],"Rio":[252],"Negro":[253],"Solim\u00f5es":[255],"rivers.":[256],"This":[257,292],"fusion":[259],"reassessed":[260],"uptake":[263],"based":[268],"on":[269],"latest":[271],"structure":[273],"provided":[275],"by":[276],"combination":[281],"neutral":[289],"balance.":[291],"knowledge":[293],"may":[294],"critical":[296],"for":[297],"determination":[299],"emission":[303],"limits":[304],"mitigate":[306],"warming.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}