{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212750427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214475","title":"Research and Analysis of Ecological Environment Quality in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin between 2000 and 2019","display_name":"Research and Analysis of Ecological Environment Quality in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin between 2000 and 2019","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212750427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214475","mag":"3212750427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13214475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214475","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4475/pdf?version=1636365908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4475/pdf?version=1636365908","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058798256","display_name":"Shengqing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1363-7094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengqing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040948332","display_name":"Peng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6311-3083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772794","display_name":"Jun Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1123-2662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075750152","display_name":"Kunlun Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-3467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunlun Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100338157","display_name":"Wenyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8260-7003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003213812","display_name":"Wei Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-5174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084901503","display_name":"Nengcheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3521-9972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nengcheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040948332"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.1592,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94544426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"21","first_page":"4475","last_page":"4475"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6275181770324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yangtze-river","display_name":"Yangtze river","score":0.6219562888145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-basin","display_name":"Structural basin","score":0.5535092949867249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem","display_name":"Ecosystem","score":0.48414522409439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drainage-basin","display_name":"Drainage basin","score":0.4760962724685669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"Water quality","score":0.434952974319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.42284345626831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.4184603989124298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.41694965958595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-resource-management","display_name":"Water resource management","score":0.3963686525821686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.36918824911117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3317127227783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.14215219020843506}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6275181770324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018003528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5413","display_name":"Yangtze river","level":3,"score":0.6219562888145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.5535092949867249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.48414522409439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126645576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166620","display_name":"Drainage basin","level":2,"score":0.4760962724685669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.434952974319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.42284345626831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4184603989124298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.41694965958595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.3963686525821686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.36918824911117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3317127227783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14215219020843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13214475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214475","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4475/pdf?version=1636365908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:558369987bac4805b57a6d8dea0e43db","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/558369987bac4805b57a6d8dea0e43db","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 21, p 4475 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/21/4475/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13214475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 21; Pages: 4475","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13214475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214475","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4475/pdf?version=1636365908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3212750427.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3212750427.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104437223","https://openalex.org/W257806789","https://openalex.org/W1972085680","https://openalex.org/W1986972851","https://openalex.org/W1988989199","https://openalex.org/W1996499541","https://openalex.org/W2001629311","https://openalex.org/W2025731164","https://openalex.org/W2045974122","https://openalex.org/W2065693747","https://openalex.org/W2080627532","https://openalex.org/W2086337028","https://openalex.org/W2101678239","https://openalex.org/W2108658627","https://openalex.org/W2161241309","https://openalex.org/W2161336494","https://openalex.org/W2172120354","https://openalex.org/W2296935256","https://openalex.org/W2324301395","https://openalex.org/W2367349726","https://openalex.org/W2372236204","https://openalex.org/W2748618056","https://openalex.org/W2776319111","https://openalex.org/W2790518257","https://openalex.org/W2801926785","https://openalex.org/W2907492317","https://openalex.org/W2912685947","https://openalex.org/W2945135695","https://openalex.org/W2964047153","https://openalex.org/W2981306111","https://openalex.org/W2996673877","https://openalex.org/W3010796605","https://openalex.org/W3015861536","https://openalex.org/W3026370559","https://openalex.org/W3032404102","https://openalex.org/W3038180955","https://openalex.org/W3041867498","https://openalex.org/W3043112063","https://openalex.org/W3043393587","https://openalex.org/W3043655325","https://openalex.org/W3047362089","https://openalex.org/W3080912384","https://openalex.org/W3086406372","https://openalex.org/W3087342330","https://openalex.org/W3133914525","https://openalex.org/W6707583982","https://openalex.org/W6762103836","https://openalex.org/W6768880208","https://openalex.org/W6780786027","https://openalex.org/W7008018122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592964249","https://openalex.org/W3146297556","https://openalex.org/W4396760591","https://openalex.org/W4254106221","https://openalex.org/W1599459557","https://openalex.org/W1995640457","https://openalex.org/W2318158505","https://openalex.org/W2381310562","https://openalex.org/W2789353201","https://openalex.org/W2081395060"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ecological":[0],"environment":[1,54,158],"quality":[2,55,159],"is":[3,9,214],"a":[4,148,227],"long-term":[5],"continuous":[6],"concept":[7],"that":[8,140],"affected":[10],"by":[11],"various":[12],"environmental":[13],"factors.":[14],"Its":[15],"assessment":[16],"has":[17,203],"important":[18,205,216],"implications":[19],"for":[20,233],"implementing":[21],"the":[22,43,52,58,62,73,87,100,105,111,115,152,161,193,198,208,219,234,239],"planning":[23],"and":[24,49,69,99,107,122,126,133,144,155,165,178,189,213,230,236],"protection":[25,237],"of":[26,61,110,218,238],"dynamic":[27],"regional":[28],"ecosystems.":[29],"Therefore,":[30],"this":[31],"study":[32],"attempted":[33],"to":[34,174],"obtain":[35],"these":[36],"indicators":[37,89],"(green,":[38],"dry,":[39],"wet,":[40],"heat)":[41],"through":[42],"Google":[44],"Earth":[45],"Engine":[46],"(GEE)":[47],"platform,":[48],"then":[50],"coupled":[51],"ecological":[53,76,153,157,171,180],"index":[56,77,120,129],"in":[57,86,90,97,104,131,160,176,184,192,197,207],"middle":[59],"reaches":[60],"Yangtze":[63,209,220,240],"River":[64,210,221,241],"Basin":[65,242],"(MYRB)":[66],"between":[67,163,187],"2000":[68,164],"2019,":[70],"based":[71],"on":[72,151],"remote":[74],"sensing":[75],"(RSEI).":[78],"The":[79,170,201],"major":[80],"results":[81],"show":[82],"that:":[83],"(1)":[84],"changes":[85,101,143],"four":[88],"summer":[91,132],"were":[92,102],"more":[93],"obvious":[94],"than":[95],"those":[96],"winter,":[98],"concentrated":[103],"central":[106,194],"northern":[108],"regions":[109],"MYRB;":[112],"(2)":[113],"both":[114],"modified":[116],"normalized":[117,123],"difference":[118],"water":[119,141],"(MNDWI)":[121],"differential":[124],"build-up":[125],"bare":[127],"soil":[128],"(NDBI)":[130],"winter":[134],"have":[135],"higher":[136],"weighting":[137],"ratios,":[138],"implying":[139],"body":[142],"human":[145],"activities":[146],"had":[147],"greater":[149],"impact":[150],"environment;":[154],"(3)":[156],"MYRB":[162,202],"2019":[166,190],"was":[167,182],"relatively":[168],"flat.":[169],"conditions":[172],"began":[173],"deteriorate":[175],"2008,":[177],"substantial":[179],"degradation":[181],"noted":[183],"some":[185],"areas":[186],"2008":[188],"(18.7%":[191],"region,":[195],"16.0%":[196],"eastern":[199],"region).":[200],"an":[204,215],"position":[206],"economic":[211],"belt":[212],"part":[217],"protection.":[222],"This":[223],"research":[224],"could":[225],"provide":[226],"theoretical":[228],"basis":[229],"decision":[231],"support":[232],"development":[235],"(YRB)":[243],"green":[244],"economy.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-03-30T08:08:38.191290","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
