{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211184869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214398","title":"Remote Sensing of the Polar Ice Zones with HF Radar","display_name":"Remote Sensing of the Polar Ice Zones with HF Radar","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211184869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214398","mag":"3211184869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13214398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214398","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4398/pdf?version=1636118986","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4398/pdf?version=1636118986","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101843106","display_name":"S.J. Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0856-5383"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stuart Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Department, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Department, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101843106"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.5951,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66543106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"21","first_page":"4398","last_page":"4398"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6886154413223267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.658035159111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.5943694114685059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-based-radar","display_name":"Space-based radar","score":0.5622581839561462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice-concentration","display_name":"Sea ice concentration","score":0.5513562560081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.46448642015457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.426936537027359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3373357057571411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-engineering-details","display_name":"Radar engineering details","score":0.30204257369041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2769133150577545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.23502367734909058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryosphere","display_name":"Cryosphere","score":0.22007766366004944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice-thickness","display_name":"Sea ice thickness","score":0.18720436096191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1246076226234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.12282127141952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10349151492118835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6886154413223267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.658035159111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.5943694114685059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36067731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572176","display_name":"Space-based radar","level":5,"score":0.5622581839561462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194520297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7440064","display_name":"Sea ice concentration","level":5,"score":0.5513562560081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.46448642015457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.426936537027359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3373357057571411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134406370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832005","display_name":"Radar engineering details","level":4,"score":0.30204257369041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2769133150577545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.23502367734909058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197435368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109","display_name":"Cryosphere","level":3,"score":0.22007766366004944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149767477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7440066","display_name":"Sea ice thickness","level":4,"score":0.18720436096191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1246076226234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.12282127141952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10349151492118835}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13214398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214398","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4398/pdf?version=1636118986","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ad0467b303ac4a82a6b937b8ff589191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ad0467b303ac4a82a6b937b8ff589191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 21, p 4398 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/21/4398/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13214398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 21; Pages: 4398","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13214398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214398","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4398/pdf?version=1636118986","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3211184869.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3211184869.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":118,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20747434","https://openalex.org/W198609895","https://openalex.org/W578260984","https://openalex.org/W1561551249","https://openalex.org/W1633274749","https://openalex.org/W1661355601","https://openalex.org/W1771385464","https://openalex.org/W1854144371","https://openalex.org/W1970459077","https://openalex.org/W1977219428","https://openalex.org/W1978117291","https://openalex.org/W1978902293","https://openalex.org/W1978924860","https://openalex.org/W1986781644","https://openalex.org/W1990866133","https://openalex.org/W1993036226","https://openalex.org/W1994049341","https://openalex.org/W1994212349","https://openalex.org/W1997331495","https://openalex.org/W1998357033","https://openalex.org/W1998638866","https://openalex.org/W2003754240","https://openalex.org/W2004611501","https://openalex.org/W2011859905","https://openalex.org/W2012446661","https://openalex.org/W2017212123","https://openalex.org/W2025375857","https://openalex.org/W2028558026","https://openalex.org/W2036305723","https://openalex.org/W2038965330","https://openalex.org/W2048931499","https://openalex.org/W2054565622","https://openalex.org/W2056036204","https://openalex.org/W2056618289","https://openalex.org/W2061210588","https://openalex.org/W2061908845","https://openalex.org/W2062491745","https://openalex.org/W2064649018","https://openalex.org/W2069228150","https://openalex.org/W2072375026","https://openalex.org/W2076031277","https://openalex.org/W2077428371","https://openalex.org/W2078400882","https://openalex.org/W2080988797","https://openalex.org/W2084270454","https://openalex.org/W2091018746","https://openalex.org/W2092243451","https://openalex.org/W2106281376","https://openalex.org/W2107970271","https://openalex.org/W2115275962","https://openalex.org/W2128193778","https://openalex.org/W2129538042","https://openalex.org/W2134015114","https://openalex.org/W2135422740","https://openalex.org/W2142273861","https://openalex.org/W2154390352","https://openalex.org/W2163008243","https://openalex.org/W2168053530","https://openalex.org/W2173804152","https://openalex.org/W2264125737","https://openalex.org/W2265411153","https://openalex.org/W2290436039","https://openalex.org/W2306115216","https://openalex.org/W2323977077","https://openalex.org/W2326999683","https://openalex.org/W2327595378","https://openalex.org/W2328192515","https://openalex.org/W2406734139","https://openalex.org/W2516698229","https://openalex.org/W2561630827","https://openalex.org/W2562834117","https://openalex.org/W2566061493","https://openalex.org/W2566444498","https://openalex.org/W2586137584","https://openalex.org/W2736883207","https://openalex.org/W2765260427","https://openalex.org/W2765271612","https://openalex.org/W2767480666","https://openalex.org/W2783111203","https://openalex.org/W2790139657","https://openalex.org/W2790819179","https://openalex.org/W2810914648","https://openalex.org/W2888058230","https://openalex.org/W2888451100","https://openalex.org/W2898036979","https://openalex.org/W2929069017","https://openalex.org/W2949803697","https://openalex.org/W2971488153","https://openalex.org/W2975136125","https://openalex.org/W2982318803","https://openalex.org/W2987200313","https://openalex.org/W3000161283","https://openalex.org/W3004461669","https://openalex.org/W3006929815","https://openalex.org/W3007616654","https://openalex.org/W3013457642","https://openalex.org/W3016132419","https://openalex.org/W3020351018","https://openalex.org/W3037396226","https://openalex.org/W3037950532","https://openalex.org/W3082868899","https://openalex.org/W3098734193","https://openalex.org/W3099246014","https://openalex.org/W3104932975","https://openalex.org/W3113804140","https://openalex.org/W3126682752","https://openalex.org/W3139065478","https://openalex.org/W3144285571","https://openalex.org/W3162492041","https://openalex.org/W3189512020","https://openalex.org/W4236172687","https://openalex.org/W4237559036","https://openalex.org/W4249666408","https://openalex.org/W6600834099","https://openalex.org/W6644883220","https://openalex.org/W6679161189","https://openalex.org/W6749518032","https://openalex.org/W7028865579"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118389506","https://openalex.org/W644857929","https://openalex.org/W4234822209","https://openalex.org/W1965960228","https://openalex.org/W2205500399","https://openalex.org/W1965770049","https://openalex.org/W2031457372","https://openalex.org/W2100567581","https://openalex.org/W2126072825","https://openalex.org/W2151739433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radars":[0],"operating":[1],"in":[2,33,118,173,183,219],"the":[3,20,46,53,61,68,83,90,114,121,128,146,178,189,205,212],"HF":[4,87,155,184,196,217],"band":[5],"are":[6,32,169,202],"widely":[7],"used":[8,172],"for":[9,52],"over-the-horizon":[10],"remote":[11,54],"sensing":[12,55,139],"of":[13,22,29,39,48,56,120,127,154,163,166,177,214],"ocean":[14],"surface":[15,93],"conditions,":[16],"ionospheric":[17],"studies":[18],"and":[19,24,76,124,148,171,194,207],"monitoring":[21,222],"ship":[23],"aircraft":[25],"traffic.":[26],"Several":[27],"hundreds":[28],"such":[30],"radars":[31],"operation,":[34],"yet":[35],"only":[36,67],"a":[37,174],"handful":[38],"experiments":[40],"have":[41,65],"been":[42],"conducted":[43],"to":[44,96,112,187],"assess":[45],"prospect":[47],"utilizing":[49],"this":[50,106,132],"technology":[51],"sea":[57,92,167],"ice.":[58],"Even":[59],"then,":[60],"measurements":[62],"carried":[63],"out":[64],"addressed":[66],"most":[69],"basic":[70],"questions:":[71],"is":[72,103],"there":[73],"ice":[74,101,129,138,168,221],"present,":[75],"can":[77],"we":[78,134],"measure":[79],"its":[80,220],"drift?":[81],"Recently":[82],"theory":[84,181],"that":[85,210],"describes":[86],"scattering":[88,180],"from":[89,140],"dynamic":[91],"was":[94],"extended":[95],"handle":[97],"situations":[98],"where":[99],"an":[100,158,215],"cover":[102],"present.":[104],"With":[105],"new":[107],"tool,":[108],"it":[109],"becomes":[110],"feasible":[111],"interpret":[113],"corresponding":[115,190],"radar":[116,156,185,191,197,218],"echoes":[117],"terms":[119],"structural,":[122],"mechanical,":[123],"electrical":[125],"properties":[126],"field.":[130],"In":[131],"paper":[133],"look":[135],"briefly":[136],"at":[137,199],"space-borne":[141],"sensors":[142],"before":[143],"showing":[144],"how":[145],"persistent":[147],"synoptic":[149],"wide":[150],"area":[151],"surveillance":[152],"capabilities":[153],"offer":[157],"alternative.":[159],"The":[160],"dispersion":[161],"relations":[162],"different":[164],"forms":[165],"examined":[170],"modified":[175],"implementation":[176,213],"electromagnetic":[179],"employed":[182],"oceanography":[186],"compute":[188],"signatures.":[192],"Previous":[193],"present-day":[195],"deployments":[198],"high":[200],"latitudes":[201],"reviewed,":[203],"noting":[204],"physical":[206],"technical":[208],"challenges":[209],"confront":[211],"operational":[216],"capability.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}