{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207680573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193989","title":"Extensive Marine Heatwaves at the Sea Surface in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean in Summer 2021","display_name":"Extensive Marine Heatwaves at the Sea Surface in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean in Summer 2021","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207680573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193989","mag":"3207680573"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13193989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193989","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3989/pdf?version=1633529872","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3989/pdf?version=1633529872","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057452799","display_name":"Hiroshi Kuroda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-2551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117686","display_name":"Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02gmwvg31","country_code":"JP","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117686"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Kuroda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisheries Resources Institute (Kushiro), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kushiro 085-0802, Hokkaido, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisheries Resources Institute (Kushiro), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kushiro 085-0802, Hokkaido, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117686"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035898909","display_name":"Takashi Setou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117686","display_name":"Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02gmwvg31","country_code":"JP","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117686"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takashi Setou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisheries Resources Institute (Yokohama), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama 236-8648, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisheries Resources Institute (Yokohama), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama 236-8648, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117686"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057452799"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117686"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.7501,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96748992,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"19","first_page":"3989","last_page":"3989"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.5992066860198975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5201594829559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3681376874446869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.5992066860198975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5201594829559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3681376874446869}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13193989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193989","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3989/pdf?version=1633529872","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:30b44ac4b5404dabbb01a8d3fb883d85","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/30b44ac4b5404dabbb01a8d3fb883d85","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 19, p 3989 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/19/3989/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13193989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 19; Pages: 3989","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13193989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193989","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3989/pdf?version=1633529872","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G12401395","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G168519638","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"special","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2425251294","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Environment","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3459562248","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3562333670","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KAKEN 19K06216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4606453006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19K0621","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7482275571","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7599130655","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7752643416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Japan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8044579487","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Japan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G808583802","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19K06216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8430481527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Number","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315051","display_name":"Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/048rj2z13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207680573.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3207680573.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963640185","https://openalex.org/W1975360915","https://openalex.org/W1977627991","https://openalex.org/W1989120577","https://openalex.org/W2003610960","https://openalex.org/W2035217943","https://openalex.org/W2037804491","https://openalex.org/W2038200294","https://openalex.org/W2048170654","https://openalex.org/W2080605890","https://openalex.org/W2081660013","https://openalex.org/W2086477690","https://openalex.org/W2100986500","https://openalex.org/W2117562001","https://openalex.org/W2120012334","https://openalex.org/W2143580084","https://openalex.org/W2158032594","https://openalex.org/W2230443456","https://openalex.org/W2278233808","https://openalex.org/W2462377765","https://openalex.org/W2564530554","https://openalex.org/W2582633258","https://openalex.org/W2797541543","https://openalex.org/W2804828516","https://openalex.org/W2889856790","https://openalex.org/W2920894226","https://openalex.org/W2952780249","https://openalex.org/W2979550137","https://openalex.org/W2992633259","https://openalex.org/W2997239824","https://openalex.org/W3000662632","https://openalex.org/W3016410813","https://openalex.org/W3038000039","https://openalex.org/W3044232566","https://openalex.org/W3047360334","https://openalex.org/W3081307138","https://openalex.org/W3113052267","https://openalex.org/W3119412072","https://openalex.org/W3137403855","https://openalex.org/W3182923013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2324615561","https://openalex.org/W2086120259","https://openalex.org/W2245170124","https://openalex.org/W2076393078","https://openalex.org/W3186982001","https://openalex.org/W1984402782","https://openalex.org/W2137941439","https://openalex.org/W2004200960","https://openalex.org/W1999891779","https://openalex.org/W2029513011"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,33],"July\u2013August":[1],"2021,":[2],"intense":[3],"marine":[4],"heatwaves":[5],"(MHWs)":[6],"occurred":[7,65],"at":[8,60,86],"the":[9,16,21,29,40,61,78,87,92,116,130,139,156,160,163,175,183],"sea":[10,49,62,88,131],"surface":[11,50,63,72,177],"over":[12],"extensive":[13],"areas":[14],"of":[15,24,28,31,47,77,115,138,159,174],"northwestern":[17],"Pacific":[18,141],"Ocean,":[19],"including":[20],"entire":[22],"Sea":[23,30],"Japan":[25],"and":[26,35,64,166],"part":[27],"Okhotsk.":[32],"extent":[34],"intensity,":[36],"these":[37],"MHWs":[38,54,79,93,101,121,145,164,184],"were":[39,58,94],"largest":[41],"since":[42],"1982,":[43],"when":[44],"satellite":[45],"measurements":[46],"global":[48],"temperatures":[51],"started.":[52],"The":[53,75,100,120,144],"in":[55],"summer":[56],"2021":[57],"observed":[59],"concomitantly":[66],"with":[67,110,134,171],"a":[68,135],"stable":[69],"shallow":[70],"oceanic":[71,176],"boundary":[73,178],"layer.":[74,179],"distribution":[76],"was":[80],"strongly":[81],"related":[82],"to":[83,103,151],"heat":[84],"fluxes":[85],"surface,":[89,132],"indicating":[90],"that":[91],"generated":[95],"mainly":[96],"by":[97],"atmospheric":[98,117,126],"forcing.":[99],"started":[102],"develop":[104],"after":[105],"around":[106,148],"10":[107],"July,":[108],"concurrent":[109],"an":[111,125],"extreme":[112],"northward":[113],"shift":[114],"westerly":[118,161],"jet.":[119],"developed":[122],"rapidly":[123],"under":[124],"high-pressure":[127],"system":[128],"near":[129],"associated":[133],"northwestward":[136],"expansion":[137],"North":[140],"Subtropical":[142],"High.":[143],"exhibited":[146],"peaks":[147],"30":[149],"July":[150],"1":[152],"August.":[153],"Subsequently,":[154],"following":[155],"southward":[157],"displacement":[158],"jet,":[162],"weakened":[165],"then":[167],"shrank":[168],"abruptly,":[169],"synchronously":[170],"rapid":[172],"deepening":[173],"By":[180],"18":[181],"August,":[182],"had":[185],"disappeared.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}