{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203521596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193886","title":"Subsoil Recognition for Road Investment Supported by the Integration of Geodetic and GPR Data in the Form of a Point Cloud","display_name":"Subsoil Recognition for Road Investment Supported by the Integration of Geodetic and GPR Data in the Form of a Point Cloud","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203521596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193886","mag":"3203521596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13193886","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193886","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3886/pdf?version=1632901738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3886/pdf?version=1632901738","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088062386","display_name":"\u0141ukasz Ortyl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-7931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0141ukasz Ortyl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078700919","display_name":"Marta Gabry\u015b","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marta Gabry\u015b","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088062386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.5093,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65533754,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"19","first_page":"3886","last_page":"3886"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsoil","display_name":"Subsoil","score":0.8891429901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-penetrating-radar","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","score":0.8498480319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5745329856872559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.5260586142539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karst","display_name":"Karst","score":0.5189890265464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5127676129341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodetic-datum","display_name":"Geodetic datum","score":0.46187520027160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4443088173866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3124796152114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.2030644714832306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20101326704025269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.1469736397266388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09228074550628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-water","display_name":"Soil water","score":0.07397124171257019}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121923324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q681004","display_name":"Subsoil","level":3,"score":0.8891429901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.8498480319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5745329856872559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.5260586142539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182348080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16817","display_name":"Karst","level":2,"score":0.5189890265464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5127676129341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58754882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502887","display_name":"Geodetic datum","level":2,"score":0.46187520027160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4443088173866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3124796152114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.2030644714832306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20101326704025269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.1469736397266388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09228074550628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.07397124171257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13193886","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193886","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3886/pdf?version=1632901738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3bb540680d24481a9df3ad6928ed4cd9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3bb540680d24481a9df3ad6928ed4cd9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 19, p 3886 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/19/3886/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13193886","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13193886","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193886","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/19/3886/pdf?version=1632901738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203521596.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203521596.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1943040313","https://openalex.org/W2053351429","https://openalex.org/W2073056780","https://openalex.org/W2080568613","https://openalex.org/W2131016264","https://openalex.org/W2140434115","https://openalex.org/W2147863925","https://openalex.org/W2465152471","https://openalex.org/W2513379870","https://openalex.org/W2791506862","https://openalex.org/W2811199783","https://openalex.org/W2883511843","https://openalex.org/W2897045040","https://openalex.org/W2901585929","https://openalex.org/W2912388392","https://openalex.org/W2944114126","https://openalex.org/W2951818808","https://openalex.org/W2962803813","https://openalex.org/W2976726816","https://openalex.org/W2979851814","https://openalex.org/W3005502221","https://openalex.org/W3016274159","https://openalex.org/W3034898469","https://openalex.org/W3035986414","https://openalex.org/W3098686394","https://openalex.org/W3109959192","https://openalex.org/W3121035221","https://openalex.org/W3198871868","https://openalex.org/W6623610635","https://openalex.org/W6624019227","https://openalex.org/W6768116418"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2499541383","https://openalex.org/W2069999790","https://openalex.org/W2885263913","https://openalex.org/W4315471419","https://openalex.org/W2913278508","https://openalex.org/W2357848857","https://openalex.org/W2946057701","https://openalex.org/W2392004320","https://openalex.org/W2965450658","https://openalex.org/W2243286363"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"road":[1,63,212],"construction":[2],"investments,":[3],"the":[4,8,40,50,76,89,119,153,158,172,184,189,195,210],"key":[5],"issue":[6],"affecting":[7],"structure\u2019s":[9],"safety":[10],"is":[11,32,168],"accurate":[12],"subsoil":[13,16,66,175,190],"recognition.":[14,176],"Identifying":[15],"variability":[17],"zones":[18],"or":[19],"natural":[20],"voids":[21],"can":[22],"be":[23],"performed":[24,69],"using":[25],"geophysical":[26],"methods,":[27],"and":[28,42,54,102,108,141,145,188,208],"ground-penetrating":[29],"radar":[30,96],"(GPR)":[31],"recommended":[33],"for":[34,59,62,139,164,199],"this":[35],"task":[36],"as":[37],"it":[38],"identifies":[39],"location":[41],"spatial":[43,131],"range":[44],"karst":[45,71],"formations.":[46],"This":[47,147],"paper":[48],"describes":[49],"methodology":[51],"of":[52,56,129,155,160,174,197],"acquisition":[53],"processing":[55],"GPR":[57,122,140,186],"data":[58,123,143],"ground":[60],"recognition":[61,84],"investment.":[64],"Additional":[65],"research":[67],"was":[68],"after":[70],"phenomena":[72],"were":[73,115,162],"identified":[74],"in":[75,194],"investment":[77],"area,":[78],"formations":[79],"not":[80],"revealed":[81],"by":[82],"geological":[83],"from":[85],"earlier":[86],"studies":[87],"during":[88],"pre-design":[90],"stage.":[91],"Mala":[92],"Ramac":[93],"CU":[94],"II":[95],"with":[97,106,112,206],"a":[98,103,127,134,180],"250":[99,107],"MHz":[100,110],"antenna":[101],"Leica":[104],"DS2000":[105],"700":[109],"antennas":[111],"real-time":[113],"geopositioning":[114],"used":[116,163],"to":[117,151,170],"obtain":[118],"data.":[120],"Regarding":[121],"postprocessing,":[124],"we":[125],"present":[126],"method":[128],"converting":[130],"visualization":[132],"into":[133],"point":[135],"cloud":[136],"that":[137],"allows":[138],"geodetic":[142],"integration":[144],"confrontation.":[146],"approach":[148],"enabled":[149],"us":[150],"determine":[152],"locations":[154],"control":[156],"trenches,":[157],"results":[159,178,198],"which":[161,167],"material":[165],"validation,":[166],"necessary":[169],"improve":[171],"reliability":[173],"The":[177],"showed":[179],"high":[181],"correlation":[182],"between":[183],"recorded":[185],"signals":[187],"structure.":[191],"Additionally,":[192],"differences":[193],"quality":[196],"measurements":[200],"conducted":[201],"before":[202],"laying":[203],"supporting":[204],"layers":[205],"slag":[207],"on":[209],"completed":[211],"structure":[213],"surface":[214],"are":[215],"illustrated.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}