{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199783006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183763","title":"Development and Validation of Machine-Learning Clear-Sky Detection Method Using 1-Min Irradiance Data and Sky Imagers at a Polluted Suburban Site, Xianghe","display_name":"Development and Validation of Machine-Learning Clear-Sky Detection Method Using 1-Min Irradiance Data and Sky Imagers at a Polluted Suburban Site, Xianghe","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199783006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183763","mag":"3199783006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183763","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3763/pdf?version=1632451560","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3763/pdf?version=1632451560","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100757653","display_name":"Mengqi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0151-624X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengqi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sounding, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sounding, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012433008","display_name":"Xiangao Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4187-6311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangao Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4187-6311","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032914245","display_name":"Disong Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-7192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Disong Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-7192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753716","display_name":"Jinqiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-112X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinqiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAGEO, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032914245"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.9104,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79861753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"3763","last_page":"3763"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sky","display_name":"Sky","score":0.7836785316467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7259559035301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irradiance","display_name":"Irradiance","score":0.6733255386352539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-irradiance","display_name":"Solar irradiance","score":0.5904340147972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5763899087905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4714955687522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4516328275203705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.4123362600803375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.247938871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1127481758594513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10272777080535889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10155445337295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07075423002243042}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73329638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527","display_name":"Sky","level":2,"score":0.7836785316467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7259559035301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46423501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830654","display_name":"Irradiance","level":2,"score":0.6733255386352539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9695528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7556707","display_name":"Solar irradiance","level":2,"score":0.5904340147972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5763899087905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4714955687522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4516328275203705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.4123362600803375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.247938871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1127481758594513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10272777080535889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10155445337295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07075423002243042}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183763","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3763/pdf?version=1632451560","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:947c542945274b5da6986d841dbfe83f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/947c542945274b5da6986d841dbfe83f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 3763 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/18/3763/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183763","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3763/pdf?version=1632451560","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G228145625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFA0603504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2561085302","display_name":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u533a\u4e91\u5782\u76f4\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u70ed\u52a8\u529b\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u63a2\u7a7a\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41875183","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3952839068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MERRA-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7419862225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFA0603504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328832","funder_display_name":"National Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Design and Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328832","display_name":"National Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Design and Research","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332377","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199783006.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199783006.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59537728","https://openalex.org/W333218281","https://openalex.org/W635481831","https://openalex.org/W1535580680","https://openalex.org/W1973286014","https://openalex.org/W1977989526","https://openalex.org/W1990653740","https://openalex.org/W2002538582","https://openalex.org/W2045792861","https://openalex.org/W2060258265","https://openalex.org/W2065069164","https://openalex.org/W2081944707","https://openalex.org/W2085074585","https://openalex.org/W2089056028","https://openalex.org/W2089433206","https://openalex.org/W2089684092","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2122669568","https://openalex.org/W2136955903","https://openalex.org/W2145090836","https://openalex.org/W2177128308","https://openalex.org/W2278002004","https://openalex.org/W2398814257","https://openalex.org/W2592173053","https://openalex.org/W2802828972","https://openalex.org/W2885226068","https://openalex.org/W2895856600","https://openalex.org/W2903224485","https://openalex.org/W2937702028","https://openalex.org/W2940966137","https://openalex.org/W2947936356","https://openalex.org/W2966464212","https://openalex.org/W2972321959","https://openalex.org/W3001346916","https://openalex.org/W3001906698","https://openalex.org/W3112467814","https://openalex.org/W3137688634","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530649511","https://openalex.org/W3205657739","https://openalex.org/W3104379783","https://openalex.org/W2131174359","https://openalex.org/W4322211974","https://openalex.org/W2884263184","https://openalex.org/W2995848355","https://openalex.org/W1749313231","https://openalex.org/W3201088759","https://openalex.org/W2023949803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clear-sky":[0],"detection":[1],"(CSD)":[2],"is":[3,97],"of":[4,27,84,160,194],"critical":[5],"importance":[6],"in":[7,204],"solar":[8,44],"energy":[9],"applications":[10],"and":[11,30,47,68,133,137,149,165],"surface":[12],"radiative":[13],"budget":[14],"studies.":[15],"Existing":[16],"CSD":[17,32,66,72,123,143,167,180,199],"methods":[18,67,124],"are":[19],"not":[20],"sufficiently":[21],"validated":[22,63],"due":[23],"to":[24,90,109],"the":[25,91,115,120,163,178,202],"lack":[26],"high-temporal":[28],"resolution":[29,42],"long-term":[31],"ground":[33],"observations,":[34],"especially":[35],"at":[36,55,125,171],"polluted":[37,56,173],"sites.":[38,174],"Using":[39],"five-year":[40],"high":[41,129],"ground-based":[43],"radiation":[45],"data":[46,89,151],"visual":[48],"inspected":[49],"Total":[50],"Sky":[51],"Imager":[52],"(TSI)":[53],"measurements":[54],"Xianghe,":[57],"a":[58,70,76,190],"suburban":[59],"site,":[60,127],"this":[61],"study":[62],"17":[64],"existing":[65],"developed":[69,145],"new":[71],"model":[73,144,181],"based":[74],"on":[75],"machine-learning":[77],"algorithm":[78],"(Random":[79],"Forest:":[80],"RF).":[81],"The":[82,141],"propagation":[83],"systematic":[85],"errors":[86],"from":[87],"input":[88],"calculated":[92],"global":[93],"horizontal":[94],"irradiance":[95,148],"(GHI)":[96],"confirmed":[98],"with":[99,128,156,183,206],"Mean":[100],"Absolute":[101],"Error":[102],"(MAE)":[103],"increased":[104],"by":[105,146],"99.7%":[106],"(from":[107],"20.00":[108],"39.93":[110],"W\u00b7m\u22122).":[111],"Through":[112],"qualitative":[113],"evaluation,":[114],"novel":[116],"Bright-Sun":[117,164],"method":[118],"outperforms":[119],"other":[121],"traditional":[122],"Xianghe":[126],"accuracy":[130,158,192],"score":[131,159,193],"0.73":[132],"0.92":[134],"under":[135],"clear":[136],"cloudy":[138],"conditions,":[139],"respectively.":[140],"RF":[142,166,179,198],"one-year":[147],"TSI":[150],"shows":[152,177],"more":[153],"robust":[154],"performance,":[155],"clear/cloudy-sky":[157],"0.78/0.88.":[161],"Overall,":[162],"models":[168,200],"perform":[169],"satisfactorily":[170],"heavy":[172],"Further":[175],"analysis":[176],"built":[182],"only":[184,208],"GHI-related":[185],"parameters":[186],"can":[187],"still":[188],"achieve":[189],"mean":[191],"0.81,":[195],"which":[196],"indicates":[197],"have":[201],"potential":[203],"dealing":[205],"sites":[207],"providing":[209],"GHI":[210],"observations.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}