{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199326643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183723","title":"Data Quality Evaluation of Sentinel-1 and GF-3 SAR for Wind Field Inversion","display_name":"Data Quality Evaluation of Sentinel-1 and GF-3 SAR for Wind Field Inversion","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199326643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183723","mag":"3199326643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183723","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3723/pdf?version=1631873782","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3723/pdf?version=1631873782","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089369813","display_name":"Yong Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-6738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yong Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102020784","display_name":"Sheng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-5113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635699","display_name":"Ligang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0256-5809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ligang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101433176","display_name":"Xiaojun Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3733-2194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017396320","display_name":"Yongshou Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongshou Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089369813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.52,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81100881,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"3723","last_page":"3723"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.6744574308395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6668244004249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5412847399711609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buoy","display_name":"Buoy","score":0.5093652009963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5047169923782349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5038723349571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gf","display_name":"GF(2)","score":0.5024604797363281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.4469178318977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-band","display_name":"C band","score":0.42759230732917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3472285866737366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.34232890605926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17546987533569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.11997374892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.10624030232429504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.06791239976882935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.6744574308395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6668244004249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5412847399711609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779847632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30026","display_name":"Buoy","level":2,"score":0.5093652009963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5047169923782349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5038723349571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156350748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5513324","display_name":"GF(2)","level":3,"score":0.5024604797363281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.4469178318977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63944557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27786604","display_name":"C band","level":2,"score":0.42759230732917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3472285866737366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.34232890605926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17546987533569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.11997374892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.10624030232429504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06791239976882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77926391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603880","display_name":"Finite field","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183723","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3723/pdf?version=1631873782","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:da9bf2a1190a4b01b041192d62d923c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/da9bf2a1190a4b01b041192d62d923c0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 3723 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/18/3723/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 18; Pages: 3723","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183723","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3723/pdf?version=1631873782","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3746249810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61931025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3968926030","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 61931025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5848258319","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7476390494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC1405600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7862965136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC1405600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331771","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199326643.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199326643.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W174054073","https://openalex.org/W1968621060","https://openalex.org/W2010643414","https://openalex.org/W2030836967","https://openalex.org/W2093761294","https://openalex.org/W2096041557","https://openalex.org/W2130484591","https://openalex.org/W2130820683","https://openalex.org/W2167794993","https://openalex.org/W2168949884","https://openalex.org/W2170907756","https://openalex.org/W2616164023","https://openalex.org/W4385403251","https://openalex.org/W6607094733","https://openalex.org/W6679372850"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2167226100","https://openalex.org/W1995803540","https://openalex.org/W4406773718","https://openalex.org/W2171529411","https://openalex.org/W2038647015","https://openalex.org/W2146735319","https://openalex.org/W1999573859","https://openalex.org/W4386631163","https://openalex.org/W2100277028","https://openalex.org/W3004429402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"aperture":[1],"radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"is":[4,114,141,182,201,212,242,261],"an":[5],"important":[6],"means":[7],"to":[8,87,184,251],"observe":[9],"the":[10,25,45,76,82,92,103,110,135,164,172,178,186,191,194,197,205,208,234,255,265],"sea":[11],"surface":[12],"wind":[13,56,89,187,230,235,252],"field.":[14,188],"Sentinel-1":[15,49,62,111,167,198,220,239,259],"and":[16,37,50,65,75,78,119,130,146,157,168,174,204,223],"GF-3":[17,51,66,138,169,209,224,246,269,276],"are":[18,85,227],"located":[19,69,170],"on":[20,163,171],"orbit":[21],"SAR":[22,26,52,63,67,221,225,240,247,260,272],"satellites,":[23],"but":[24,233],"data":[27,46,64,68,100,165,222,226,241,256,266,273],"quality":[28,47,257,267,274],"of":[29,48,81,109,125,137,152,166,177,196,207,258,268,275],"these":[30],"two":[31],"satellites":[32,53],"has":[33,277],"not":[34],"been":[35],"evaluated":[36],"compared":[38],"at":[39],"present.":[40],"This":[41],"paper":[42],"mainly":[43],"studies":[44],"used":[54,183],"in":[55,70,122,149],"field":[57,231,236,253],"inversion.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60],"study,":[61],"Malacca":[71],"Strait,":[72],"Hormuz":[73],"Strait":[74],"east":[77,173],"west":[79,175],"coasts":[80,176],"United":[83,179],"States":[84],"selected":[86],"invert":[88,185],"fields":[90],"using":[91],"C-band":[93],"model":[94],"5.N":[95],"(CMOD5.N).":[96],"Compared":[97,189],"with":[98,190],"reanalysis":[99],"called":[101],"ERA5,":[102],"root":[104],"mean":[105],"squared":[106],"error":[107],"(RMSE)":[108],"inversion":[112,139,199,210],"results":[113,140,200,211,216],"1.66":[115],"m/s,":[116,127,133,143,154,160,203],"1.37":[117],"m/s":[118,121,129,145,148,156],"1.49":[120],"three":[123,150],"intervals":[124,151],"0~5":[126,153],"5~10":[128,155],"above":[131,158],"10":[132,159],"respectively;":[134],"RMSE":[136,195,206],"1.63":[142],"1.45":[144],"1.87":[147],"respectively.":[161],"Based":[162],"States,":[180],"CMOD5.N":[181],"buoy":[192],"data,":[193],"1.20":[202],"1.48":[213],"m/s.":[214],"The":[215,271],"show":[217],"that":[218],"both":[219],"suitable":[228],"for":[229],"inversion,":[232,254],"inverted":[237],"by":[238],"slightly":[243,262],"better":[244,263],"than":[245,264],"data.":[248],"When":[249],"applied":[250],"SAR.":[270],"achieved":[278],"a":[279],"world-leading":[280],"level.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-26T15:22:09.906841","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
