{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3201157055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183653","title":"Measurements and Modelling of Aritificial Sky Brightness: Combining Remote Sensing from Satellites and Ground-Based Observations","display_name":"Measurements and Modelling of Aritificial Sky Brightness: Combining Remote Sensing from Satellites and Ground-Based Observations","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3201157055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183653","mag":"3201157055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183653","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3653/pdf?version=1631610728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3653/pdf?version=1631610728","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070787824","display_name":"Z. Koll\u00e1th","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6699-8956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120832542","display_name":"Eszterhazy Karoly Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/004gfgx38","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120832542"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zolt\u00e1n Koll\u00e1th","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Eszterh\u00e1zy K\u00e1roly Catholic University, 3300 Eger, Hungary","Department of Physics, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, BDPK, 9700 Szombathely, Hungary"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Eszterh\u00e1zy K\u00e1roly Catholic University, 3300 Eger, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120832542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, BDPK, 9700 Szombathely, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018847368","display_name":"D\u00e9nes Sz\u00e1z","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9087-0928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D\u00e9nes Sz\u00e1z","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, BDPK, 9700 Szombathely, Hungary"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, BDPK, 9700 Szombathely, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085655688","display_name":"Korn\u00e9l Koll\u00e1th","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160704","display_name":"Hungarian Meteorological Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05jc7nb82","country_code":"HU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160704"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Korn\u00e9l Koll\u00e1th","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hungarian Meteorological Service, 1024 Budapest, Hungary"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hungarian Meteorological Service, 1024 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070787824"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109","https://openalex.org/I120832542"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.5774,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.823354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"3653","last_page":"3653"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9635999798774719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.7530458569526672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6835777163505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sky-brightness","display_name":"Sky brightness","score":0.6453026533126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sky","display_name":"Sky","score":0.6133955717086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5711596012115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.566102147102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffuse-sky-radiation","display_name":"Diffuse sky radiation","score":0.4937971532344818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","score":0.4413614273071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-pollution","display_name":"Light pollution","score":0.431761771440506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3641473352909088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.2899544835090637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.241338849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.16551929712295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11509692668914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.0858745276927948}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.7530458569526672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6835777163505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193212914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7537571","display_name":"Sky brightness","level":3,"score":0.6453026533126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73329638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527","display_name":"Sky","level":2,"score":0.6133955717086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5711596012115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.566102147102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196875640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249023","display_name":"Diffuse sky radiation","level":3,"score":0.4937971532344818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4413614273071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161421721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180644","display_name":"Light pollution","level":2,"score":0.431761771440506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3641473352909088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.2899544835090637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.241338849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.16551929712295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11509692668914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0858745276927948}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183653","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3653/pdf?version=1631610728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3cbe1f0ab78f4e3c9a6750e97624a8d2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3cbe1f0ab78f4e3c9a6750e97624a8d2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 3653 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edit.elte.hu:10831/110328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10831/110328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400126","display_name":"ELTE Digital Institutional Repository (EDIT) (E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","host_organization_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/18/3653/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 18; Pages: 3653","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183653","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3653/pdf?version=1631610728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4248818481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EFOP-3.6.2-16-201-00014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","funder_display_name":"European Social Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3201157055.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3201157055.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597319152","https://openalex.org/W2065146493","https://openalex.org/W2077993900","https://openalex.org/W2105301702","https://openalex.org/W2121089427","https://openalex.org/W2161386553","https://openalex.org/W2166240389","https://openalex.org/W2182635768","https://openalex.org/W2261609399","https://openalex.org/W2285208572","https://openalex.org/W2584195196","https://openalex.org/W2649137640","https://openalex.org/W2755235317","https://openalex.org/W2765630225","https://openalex.org/W2768021640","https://openalex.org/W2769283383","https://openalex.org/W2777565997","https://openalex.org/W2792612169","https://openalex.org/W2792670451","https://openalex.org/W2911771035","https://openalex.org/W2913897118","https://openalex.org/W2940331306","https://openalex.org/W2950786106","https://openalex.org/W2964103669","https://openalex.org/W2964621181","https://openalex.org/W3014904765","https://openalex.org/W3023044539","https://openalex.org/W3034974563","https://openalex.org/W3035056101","https://openalex.org/W3101169937","https://openalex.org/W3105326474","https://openalex.org/W3113438203","https://openalex.org/W3135054660","https://openalex.org/W4229987025","https://openalex.org/W4289875276","https://openalex.org/W6685678677"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3135648383","https://openalex.org/W2374812119","https://openalex.org/W2990078838","https://openalex.org/W2369180931","https://openalex.org/W1984230843","https://openalex.org/W2116885890","https://openalex.org/W3208152736","https://openalex.org/W3092278982","https://openalex.org/W2347451930","https://openalex.org/W2027365590"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,72],"recent":[1],"decades,":[2],"considerable":[3],"research":[4],"has":[5],"been":[6],"carried":[7],"out":[8],"both":[9],"in":[10],"measuring":[11],"and":[12,30,36,58,93,107],"modelling":[13,83],"the":[14,17,24,37,41,53,87,91,102,112,130,137],"brightness":[15],"of":[16,26,40,90,105,133],"sky.":[18],"Modelling":[19],"is":[20,117,124],"highly":[21],"complex,":[22],"as":[23],"properties":[25],"light":[27,56,84],"emission":[28],"(spatial":[29],"spectral":[31,63],"distribution)":[32],"are":[33],"generally":[34],"unknown,":[35],"physical":[38],"state":[39],"atmosphere":[42,92],"cannot":[43],"be":[44],"determined":[45],"independently.":[46],"The":[47],"existing":[48],"radiation":[49],"transfer":[50],"models":[51],"lack":[52],"focus":[54],"on":[55],"pollution":[57],"model":[59],"only":[60],"a":[61,77],"narrow":[62],"range":[64],"or":[65],"do":[66],"not":[67],"consider":[68],"realistic":[69],"atmospheric":[70],"circumstances.":[71],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75,98,127],"introduce":[76],"new":[78],"Monte":[79],"Carlo":[80],"simulation":[81],"for":[82],"pollution,":[85],"including":[86],"optical":[88],"density":[89],"multiple":[94],"photon":[95],"scattering,":[96],"then":[97],"attempt":[99],"to":[100,110,114,119,135],"combine":[101],"available":[103],"information":[104,134],"satellite":[106],"ground-based":[108],"measurements":[109],"check":[111],"extent":[113],"which":[115],"it":[116],"possible":[118],"verify":[120],"our":[121],"model.":[122],"It":[123],"demonstrated":[125],"that":[126],"need":[128],"all":[129],"separate":[131],"pieces":[132],"interpret":[136],"observations":[138],"adequately.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
