{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200172965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183625","title":"New Channel Errors Estimation Method for Multichannel SAR Based on Virtual Calibration Source","display_name":"New Channel Errors Estimation Method for Multichannel SAR Based on Virtual Calibration Source","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200172965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183625","mag":"3200172965"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183625","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183625","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3625/pdf?version=1631334147","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3625/pdf?version=1631334147","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054936955","display_name":"Zhen Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9367-5335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090674034","display_name":"Xikai Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7489-9835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xikai Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072466026","display_name":"Xiaolei Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6991-583X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolei Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090674034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.02,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82568314,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"3625","last_page":"3625"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7508850693702698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5941969156265259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5661368370056152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.5373363494873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagonal","display_name":"Diagonal","score":0.47968077659606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4483177661895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.4255441427230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.416208416223526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.415554404258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.23179179430007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22936779260635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19660663604736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1070309579372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08044955134391785}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7508850693702698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5941969156265259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5661368370056152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.5373363494873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130367717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189791","display_name":"Diagonal","level":2,"score":0.47968077659606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4483177661895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.4255441427230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.416208416223526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.415554404258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.23179179430007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22936779260635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19660663604736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1070309579372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08044955134391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183625","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183625","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3625/pdf?version=1631334147","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f3c89df3e5bc45d3a1ad6cfbd1a82048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f3c89df3e5bc45d3a1ad6cfbd1a82048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 3625 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/18/3625/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183625","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 18; Pages: 3625","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183625","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183625","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3625/pdf?version=1631334147","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200172965.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200172965.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977957956","https://openalex.org/W1987996612","https://openalex.org/W1993916311","https://openalex.org/W2012825953","https://openalex.org/W2024071072","https://openalex.org/W2049430141","https://openalex.org/W2080555455","https://openalex.org/W2085804438","https://openalex.org/W2097233876","https://openalex.org/W2114152188","https://openalex.org/W2120024360","https://openalex.org/W2128394187","https://openalex.org/W2128939054","https://openalex.org/W2140990782","https://openalex.org/W2145348268","https://openalex.org/W2151105244","https://openalex.org/W2165125444","https://openalex.org/W2401400392","https://openalex.org/W2541888625","https://openalex.org/W2549099839","https://openalex.org/W2595769796","https://openalex.org/W2608561007","https://openalex.org/W2780484492","https://openalex.org/W2947817652","https://openalex.org/W2963310635","https://openalex.org/W2982069349","https://openalex.org/W3015493122","https://openalex.org/W3126367061","https://openalex.org/W3214953536"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980381208","https://openalex.org/W2364594919","https://openalex.org/W2167092671","https://openalex.org/W2135584473","https://openalex.org/W1861706286","https://openalex.org/W2219338811","https://openalex.org/W2149583853","https://openalex.org/W2143002539","https://openalex.org/W4293472652","https://openalex.org/W1120847856"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,72],"multichannel":[1],"synthetic":[2],"aperture":[3],"radar":[4],"(SAR)":[5],"system":[6,154],"can":[7,80],"effectively":[8],"overcome":[9],"the":[10,18,28,50,54,60,64,68,85,90,94,101,104,111,115,119,124,131,137,139,145,150,157,167,172],"fundamental":[11],"limitation":[12],"between":[13,59],"high-resolution":[14],"and":[15,31,63,144,163,177],"wide-swath.":[16],"However,":[17],"unavoidable":[19],"channel":[20,42],"errors":[21,43],"will":[22],"result":[23],"in":[24,34,171],"a":[25,40],"mismatch":[26],"of":[27,52,76,103,121,126,141,174],"reconstruction":[29],"filter":[30],"false":[32],"targets":[33],"pairs.":[35],"To":[36,135],"address":[37],"this":[38],"issue,":[39],"novel":[41],"calibration":[44],"method":[45,96,117,159],"is":[46],"proposed":[47,95,116,158],"based":[48],"on":[49,100],"idea":[51],"minimizing":[53],"mean":[55],"square":[56],"error":[57],"(MMSE)":[58],"signal":[61],"subspace":[62,113],"space":[65],"spanned":[66],"by":[67,129,149],"practical":[69,73],"steering":[70,74],"vectors.":[71],"matrix":[75],"each":[77],"Doppler":[78,86,105],"bin":[79],"be":[81],"constructed":[82],"according":[83],"to":[84],"spectrum.":[87],"Compared":[88],"with":[89,110],"time-domain":[91],"correlation":[92],"method,":[93,114],"no":[97],"longer":[98],"depends":[99],"accuracy":[102,162],"centroid":[106],"estimation.":[107],"Besides,":[108],"compared":[109],"orthogonal":[112],"has":[118,160],"advantage":[120],"robustness":[122,165],"under":[123],"condition":[125],"large":[127],"samples":[128],"using":[130],"diagonal":[132],"loading":[133],"technique.":[134],"evaluate":[136],"performance,":[138],"results":[140],"simulation":[142],"data":[143,147],"real":[146],"acquired":[148],"GF-3":[151],"dual-channel":[152],"SAR":[153],"demonstrate":[155],"that":[156],"higher":[161],"more":[164],"than":[166],"conventional":[168],"methods,":[169],"especially":[170],"case":[173],"low":[175],"SNRs":[176],"high":[178],"non-uniformity.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
