{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200386921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183613","title":"A Deep Fusion uNet for Mapping Forests at Tree Species Levels with Multi-Temporal High Spatial Resolution Satellite Imagery","display_name":"A Deep Fusion uNet for Mapping Forests at Tree Species Levels with Multi-Temporal High Spatial Resolution Satellite Imagery","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200386921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183613","mag":"3200386921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183613","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3613/pdf?version=1631510649","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3613/pdf?version=1631510649","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054491779","display_name":"Ying Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4229-0002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114891","display_name":"Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5d6x15","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891","https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128615","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/0360dkv71","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4229-0002","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088404682","display_name":"Zengyuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9746-938X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114891","display_name":"Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5d6x15","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891","https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128615","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/0360dkv71","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zengyuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056366615","display_name":"Erxue Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-274X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114891","display_name":"Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5d6x15","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891","https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128615","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/0360dkv71","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erxue Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100437302","display_name":"Xu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-4789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114891","display_name":"Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5d6x15","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891","https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128615","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/0360dkv71","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034126342","display_name":"Lei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7546-0608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114891","display_name":"Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5d6x15","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891","https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128615","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/0360dkv71","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615","https://openalex.org/I4210134523"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, NFGA, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Beijing 100091, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054590057","display_name":"Enen Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149087","display_name":"Xi'an Railway Survey and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04emf4852","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Geodetic Surveying Bridge of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","The First Geodetic Surveying Bridge of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Geodetic Surveying Bridge of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210149087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Geodetic Surveying Bridge of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210149087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019633425","display_name":"Yanan Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-7161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125143","display_name":"Chengdu University","ror":"https://ror.org/034z67559","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125143"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134419","display_name":"Neusoft (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02zc84r97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134419"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400573292","display_name":"Chengdu Neusoft University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p9p1r69","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400573292"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanan Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Engineering, Chengdu Neusoft University, Chengdu 611844, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Engineering, Chengdu Neusoft University, Chengdu 611844, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125143","https://openalex.org/I4210134419","https://openalex.org/I4400573292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100746337","display_name":"Lizhi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4612-512X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120379545","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/015d0jq83","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120379545"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lizhi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120379545"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056366615"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114891","https://openalex.org/I4210128615"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":0.777,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65306278,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"3613","last_page":"3613"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.61034095287323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.568450927734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-imagery","display_name":"Satellite imagery","score":0.5641301274299622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5044325590133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.46247613430023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.42754656076431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.41605594754219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39898261427879333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3935611844062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1726226508617401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1230030357837677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.61034095287323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.568450927734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.5641301274299622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5044325590133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.46247613430023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.42754656076431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.41605594754219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39898261427879333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3935611844062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1726226508617401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1230030357837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183613","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3613/pdf?version=1631510649","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e86c5ae4216a4c928baa42f3a7458773","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e86c5ae4216a4c928baa42f3a7458773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 3613 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/18/3613/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183613","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3613/pdf?version=1631510649","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6196796486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21-Y20B01-9001-19/22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200386921.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200386921.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1267165500","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1778870018","https://openalex.org/W1843514792","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1978626680","https://openalex.org/W1985700403","https://openalex.org/W2004553299","https://openalex.org/W2018732570","https://openalex.org/W2027319213","https://openalex.org/W2078180904","https://openalex.org/W2119879130","https://openalex.org/W2146126838","https://openalex.org/W2151362686","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2267317359","https://openalex.org/W2366947979","https://openalex.org/W2546897432","https://openalex.org/W2588561483","https://openalex.org/W2616755213","https://openalex.org/W2740144340","https://openalex.org/W2753221937","https://openalex.org/W2758333383","https://openalex.org/W2764034829","https://openalex.org/W2770233088","https://openalex.org/W2782522152","https://openalex.org/W2804860796","https://openalex.org/W2808092904","https://openalex.org/W2808436940","https://openalex.org/W2891711602","https://openalex.org/W2898152330","https://openalex.org/W2904702542","https://openalex.org/W2910829991","https://openalex.org/W2935706473","https://openalex.org/W2944976011","https://openalex.org/W2946802127","https://openalex.org/W2976120863","https://openalex.org/W3014120959","https://openalex.org/W3024671041","https://openalex.org/W3037330632","https://openalex.org/W3097207090","https://openalex.org/W3108514858","https://openalex.org/W3110459943","https://openalex.org/W4301802631","https://openalex.org/W6631190155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386259002","https://openalex.org/W1546989560","https://openalex.org/W3193043704","https://openalex.org/W3171520305","https://openalex.org/W1924178503","https://openalex.org/W4308716060","https://openalex.org/W4280648719","https://openalex.org/W3135126032","https://openalex.org/W3033346322","https://openalex.org/W3125561743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1],"critical":[2],"to":[3,16,56,92],"acquire":[4],"the":[5,11,47,72,82,94,101,108,113,117,121,137,156,164,189,196,200],"information":[6],"of":[7,31,50,96,112,120,147,174,180,191],"forest":[8,27,68,97,166],"type":[9,69],"at":[10,71,100],"tree":[12,73,103],"species":[13,74,104,193],"level":[14,75,105],"due":[15,55],"its":[17,143],"strong":[18],"links":[19],"with":[20,46,81,136,168],"various":[21],"quantitative":[22],"and":[23,60,65,116,176,199],"qualitative":[24],"indicators":[25],"in":[26,163,188],"inventories.":[28],"The":[29,125,182],"efficiency":[30],"deep-learning":[32],"classification":[33,98,171],"models":[34],"for":[35],"high":[36],"spatial":[37],"resolution":[38],"(HSR)":[39],"remote":[40],"sensing":[41],"image":[42],"has":[43],"been":[44],"demonstrated":[45],"ongoing":[48],"development":[49],"artificial":[51],"intelligence":[52],"technology.":[53],"However,":[54],"limited":[57],"statistical":[58],"separability":[59],"complicated":[61],"circumstances,":[62],"completely":[63],"automatic":[64],"highly":[66],"accurate":[67],"mapping":[70,190],"remains":[76],"a":[77,84,131,160,177],"challenge.":[78],"To":[79],"deal":[80],"problem,":[83],"novel":[85],"deep":[86,122,133,138],"fusion":[87,134],"uNet":[88,123],"model":[89,127,140,158],"was":[90,128],"developed":[91],"improve":[93],"performance":[95,162],"refined":[99],"dominant":[102],"by":[106],"combining":[107],"beneficial":[109],"phenological":[110],"characteristics":[111],"multi-temporal":[114],"imagery":[115],"powerful":[118],"features":[119],"model.":[124],"proposed":[126],"built":[129],"on":[130],"two-branch":[132],"architecture":[135],"Res-uNet":[139],"functioning":[141],"as":[142,195],"backbone.":[144],"Quantitative":[145],"assessments":[146],"China\u2019s":[148],"Gaofen-2":[149],"(GF-2)":[150],"HSR":[151],"satellite":[152],"data":[153],"revealed":[154],"that":[155],"suggested":[157],"delivered":[159],"competitive":[161],"Wangyedian":[165],"farm,":[167],"an":[169],"overall":[170],"accuracy":[172],"(OA)":[173],"93.30%":[175],"Kappa":[178],"coefficient":[179],"0.9229.":[181],"studies":[183],"also":[184],"yielded":[185],"good":[186],"results":[187],"plantation":[192],"such":[194],"Chinese":[197],"pine":[198],"Larix":[201],"principis.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}