{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198810143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183558","title":"Use of X-Band Radars to Monitor Small Garbage Islands","display_name":"Use of X-Band Radars to Monitor Small Garbage Islands","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198810143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183558","mag":"3198810143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183558","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3558/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3558/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030139540","display_name":"Francesco Serafino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6504-8668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Serafino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Bioeconomy of the National Research Council, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Bioeconomy of the National Research Council, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103029783","display_name":"Andrea Bianco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-5423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116113","display_name":"Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale","ror":"https://ror.org/022zv0672","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104593","https://openalex.org/I4210116113","https://openalex.org/I4210117642"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Bianco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, 00144 Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, 00144 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103029783"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116113"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.9838,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71451098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"3558","last_page":"3558"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12017","display_name":"Recycling and Waste Management Techniques","score":0.9682000279426575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6908451318740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.658697783946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6189877986907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-band","display_name":"X band","score":0.616716742515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.5399989485740662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debris","display_name":"Debris","score":0.5129179954528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-systems","display_name":"Radar systems","score":0.4213674068450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3489178419113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26365864276885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2510954737663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15603569149971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1504335105419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14506733417510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.06672045588493347}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6908451318740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.658697783946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6189877986907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99936299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190763","display_name":"X band","level":2,"score":0.616716742515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.5399989485740662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776023875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637703","display_name":"Debris","level":2,"score":0.5129179954528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984296375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar systems","level":3,"score":0.4213674068450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3489178419113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26365864276885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2510954737663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15603569149971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1504335105419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14506733417510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.06672045588493347}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183558","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3558/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4ef8dad2564c4fc48a7969d095c4b259","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4ef8dad2564c4fc48a7969d095c4b259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 3558 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/18/3558/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183558","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3558/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198810143.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198810143.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54211287","https://openalex.org/W1560046260","https://openalex.org/W1981644934","https://openalex.org/W1989687878","https://openalex.org/W1994547425","https://openalex.org/W1999125223","https://openalex.org/W2005404508","https://openalex.org/W2024397614","https://openalex.org/W2037496050","https://openalex.org/W2058713471","https://openalex.org/W2071625580","https://openalex.org/W2074749389","https://openalex.org/W2089222247","https://openalex.org/W2103747630","https://openalex.org/W2107446060","https://openalex.org/W2114530729","https://openalex.org/W2119654329","https://openalex.org/W2121243048","https://openalex.org/W2125441934","https://openalex.org/W2125906128","https://openalex.org/W2127428278","https://openalex.org/W2146569830","https://openalex.org/W2157730826","https://openalex.org/W2158611924","https://openalex.org/W2160330414","https://openalex.org/W2164526292","https://openalex.org/W2585474994","https://openalex.org/W2737217596","https://openalex.org/W2776238293","https://openalex.org/W2924941171","https://openalex.org/W2955932281","https://openalex.org/W2959012558","https://openalex.org/W3018351936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W760655932","https://openalex.org/W96662699","https://openalex.org/W2124433178","https://openalex.org/W156107400","https://openalex.org/W2762255972","https://openalex.org/W2353141829","https://openalex.org/W2083225881","https://openalex.org/W2362183774","https://openalex.org/W2096228946","https://openalex.org/W2062800628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,95],"aim":[1],"of":[2,12,25,34,50,56,73,81,84,87,97,110,122,135,155,162],"this":[3,38,98,106],"work":[4],"is":[5,93],"to":[6,16,112,139,179],"verify":[7],"and":[8,20,125],"demonstrate":[9],"the":[10,54,61,64,71,78,82,88,113,120,133,146,153,160],"possibility":[11],"using":[13,63],"X-band":[14,79,136,156],"radars":[15,137,157],"identify,":[17],"discriminate,":[18],"characterize":[19],"follow":[21],"small":[22],"floating":[23],"aggregations":[24],"marine":[26],"litter":[27],"(Small":[28],"Garbage":[29],"Islands\u2014SGIs)":[30],"made":[31],"up":[32],"mainly":[33],"plastic":[35,141],"debris.":[36],"To":[37],"end,":[39],"a":[40,48,68,128,166],"radar":[41,80],"measurement":[42,100],"campaign":[43],"was":[44],"carried":[45],"out":[46,181],"on":[47,165],"series":[49],"controlled":[51],"releases":[52],"into":[53],"sea":[55],"SGI":[57],"modules":[58],"assembled":[59],"in":[60,75,105,119,172],"lab":[62],"waste":[65,142],"collected":[66],"along":[67],"beach":[69],"near":[70],"port":[72],"Livorno,":[74],"Tuscany,":[76],"where":[77,174],"Institute":[83],"Bioeconomy":[85],"(IBE)":[86],"National":[89],"Research":[90],"Council":[91],"(CNR)":[92],"installed.":[94],"results":[96,147],"first":[99],"campaign,":[101],"which":[102],"are":[103,109],"illustrated":[104],"preliminary":[107],"work,":[108],"interest":[111],"entire":[114],"scientific":[115],"community":[116],"that":[117],"operates":[118],"field":[121],"macroplastics":[123],"analysis":[124],"monitoring,":[126],"opening":[127],"new":[129],"experimental":[130],"avenue":[131],"for":[132,152,159],"use":[134,154],"also":[138,158],"monitor":[140],"at":[143],"sea.":[144],"Furthermore,":[145],"obtained":[148],"suggest":[149],"good":[150],"prospects":[151],"study":[161],"coastal":[163],"hydrodynamics":[164],"local":[167],"scale":[168],"as":[169,171],"well":[170],"areas":[173],"it":[175],"would":[176],"be":[177],"difficult":[178],"carry":[180],"measurements":[182],"employing":[183],"other":[184],"technologies.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
