{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197891681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173415","title":"Variations in the Effects of Landscape Patterns on the Urban Thermal Environment during Rapid Urbanization (1990\u20132020) in Megacities","display_name":"Variations in the Effects of Landscape Patterns on the Urban Thermal Environment during Rapid Urbanization (1990\u20132020) in Megacities","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197891681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173415","mag":"3197891681"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13173415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173415","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3415/pdf?version=1630296109","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3415/pdf?version=1630296109","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054856454","display_name":"Haipeng Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1970-6225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haipeng Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015470605","display_name":"Zehong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6762-2838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038019480","display_name":"Ninghui Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ninghui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039541516","display_name":"Xuejing Leng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-5645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144289","display_name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03rpsvy57","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210144289"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuejing Leng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144289","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103216134","display_name":"Dan Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-8294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056891356","display_name":"Ji Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-1168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100766176","display_name":"Yu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1835-1787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100766176"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.6838,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89715452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"17","first_page":"3415","last_page":"3415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.8753155469894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/megacity","display_name":"Megacity","score":0.7309778928756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.6402851343154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impervious-surface","display_name":"Impervious surface","score":0.5989782810211182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5162034630775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"Urban planning","score":0.45975470542907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-climate","display_name":"Urban climate","score":0.4460523724555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.44305628538131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.421292781829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.389723002910614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.12507465481758118}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.8753155469894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127040729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174844","display_name":"Megacity","level":2,"score":0.7309778928756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.6402851343154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2668921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434713","display_name":"Impervious surface","level":2,"score":0.5989782810211182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5162034630775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.45975470542907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158049464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075337","display_name":"Urban climate","level":3,"score":0.4460523724555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.44305628538131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.421292781829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.389723002910614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12507465481758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13173415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173415","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3415/pdf?version=1630296109","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9f06bdb3d6b741e182f909e759abc5e9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9f06bdb3d6b741e182f909e759abc5e9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 17, p 3415 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/17/3415/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13173415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13173415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173415","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3415/pdf?version=1630296109","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8392995699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41771182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3197891681.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3197891681.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1642133311","https://openalex.org/W1968163062","https://openalex.org/W1976239158","https://openalex.org/W1979224909","https://openalex.org/W1983322114","https://openalex.org/W1983482133","https://openalex.org/W1997514752","https://openalex.org/W2006273284","https://openalex.org/W2009015294","https://openalex.org/W2011883278","https://openalex.org/W2020368243","https://openalex.org/W2032306335","https://openalex.org/W2033600080","https://openalex.org/W2056436675","https://openalex.org/W2061935177","https://openalex.org/W2068618591","https://openalex.org/W2069175094","https://openalex.org/W2070447406","https://openalex.org/W2077065917","https://openalex.org/W2080014427","https://openalex.org/W2090976648","https://openalex.org/W2093938910","https://openalex.org/W2097467169","https://openalex.org/W2098829158","https://openalex.org/W2113410727","https://openalex.org/W2115981223","https://openalex.org/W2125356196","https://openalex.org/W2139531445","https://openalex.org/W2153763028","https://openalex.org/W2156049446","https://openalex.org/W2160969889","https://openalex.org/W2193980439","https://openalex.org/W2194477193","https://openalex.org/W2298346024","https://openalex.org/W2390510015","https://openalex.org/W2494970423","https://openalex.org/W2499756758","https://openalex.org/W2512736867","https://openalex.org/W2552780957","https://openalex.org/W2554470513","https://openalex.org/W2570830654","https://openalex.org/W2588833698","https://openalex.org/W2610577002","https://openalex.org/W2621930713","https://openalex.org/W2724376536","https://openalex.org/W2755273945","https://openalex.org/W2757914566","https://openalex.org/W2782535317","https://openalex.org/W2790818269","https://openalex.org/W2796539719","https://openalex.org/W2809030179","https://openalex.org/W2900004932","https://openalex.org/W2901869997","https://openalex.org/W2902841927","https://openalex.org/W2905227162","https://openalex.org/W2905597494","https://openalex.org/W2906744656","https://openalex.org/W2912777564","https://openalex.org/W2917253245","https://openalex.org/W2933592273","https://openalex.org/W2936719891","https://openalex.org/W2978732424","https://openalex.org/W3006866732","https://openalex.org/W3010117814","https://openalex.org/W3041128819","https://openalex.org/W3047924345","https://openalex.org/W3080714609","https://openalex.org/W3085972052","https://openalex.org/W3096949717","https://openalex.org/W3099643882","https://openalex.org/W3119014679","https://openalex.org/W3128500205","https://openalex.org/W3169535608","https://openalex.org/W4232355276","https://openalex.org/W6646048000","https://openalex.org/W6711551580","https://openalex.org/W6729891736","https://openalex.org/W6747437692","https://openalex.org/W6756987689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366003634","https://openalex.org/W2023971965","https://openalex.org/W2382540100","https://openalex.org/W2359268530","https://openalex.org/W610888238","https://openalex.org/W2259669067","https://openalex.org/W2389900588","https://openalex.org/W2625176280","https://openalex.org/W2388358789","https://openalex.org/W3134401921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deterioration":[0],"of":[1,15,28,70,81,108,141,187,195,226],"the":[2,32,53,68,74,106,112,134,138,164,174,184,192,206,220,223,234,241,245,260],"urban":[3,33,113,135,188,197,202,227,261],"thermal":[4,34,114,136,262],"environment,":[5,137],"especially":[6],"in":[7,73,132,199,209,233,267],"megacities":[8,80],"with":[9,211],"intensive":[10],"populations":[11],"and":[12,77,97,159],"high":[13,215],"densities":[14],"impervious":[16],"surfaces,":[17],"is":[18],"a":[19,37,170,212,249],"global":[20],"issue":[21],"resulting":[22],"from":[23,83,146,240],"rapid":[24,196],"urbanization.":[25],"The":[26,102,178],"effects":[27,54,72,107],"landscape":[29,109,124,130,269],"patterns":[30,110,270],"on":[31,111],"environment":[35,115,263],"within":[36],"single":[38,41],"area":[39],"or":[40],"period":[42],"have":[43,50],"been":[44],"well":[45],"documented.":[46],"Few":[47],"studies,":[48],"however,":[49],"explored":[51],"whether":[52],"can":[55],"be":[56,231],"adapted":[57],"to":[58,85,148,169],"various":[59,88],"cities":[60],"at":[61,119,173,273],"different":[62,120,274],"urbanization":[63,121,179,275],"stages.":[64,122,276],"This":[65],"paper":[66],"investigated":[67],"variations":[69],"these":[71],"five":[75],"largest":[76],"highly":[78,175],"urbanized":[79,176],"China":[82],"1990":[84,147],"2020":[86],"using":[87],"geospatial":[89],"approaches,":[90],"including":[91],"concentric":[92],"buffer":[93],"analysis,":[94,96],"correlation":[95],"hierarchical":[98],"ridge":[99],"regression":[100],"models.":[101],"results":[103,253],"indicated":[104],"that":[105,236],"were":[116],"greatly":[117],"variable":[118],"Although":[123],"composition":[125,142],"was":[126,237],"more":[127],"important":[128],"than":[129],"configuration":[131,151],"determining":[133],"standard":[139],"coefficients":[140],"metrics":[143],"continuously":[144],"decreased":[145],"2020.":[149],"However,":[150],"metrics,":[152],"such":[153],"as":[154,214,216],"patch":[155],"density,":[156,158],"edge":[157],"shape":[160],"complexity,":[161],"could":[162,181],"affect":[163,183],"land":[165],"surface":[166],"temperature":[167],"(LST)":[168],"larger":[171],"extent":[172],"stage.":[177],"process":[180],"also":[182],"cooling":[185,221],"effect":[186],"green":[189,203,228],"space.":[190],"At":[191],"initial":[193],"stage":[194],"expansion":[198],"approximately":[200],"2000,":[201],"space":[204,229],"explained":[205],"most":[207],"variation":[208],"LST,":[210],"value":[213],"10%.":[217],"To":[218],"maximize":[219],"effect,":[222],"spatial":[224],"arrangement":[225],"should":[230],"highlighted":[232],"region":[235],"10\u201315":[238],"km":[239],"city":[242],"center,":[243],"where":[244],"mean":[246],"LST":[247],"experienced":[248],"significant":[250],"decline.":[251],"These":[252],"may":[254],"provide":[255],"deeper":[256],"insights":[257],"into":[258],"improving":[259],"by":[264],"targeted":[265],"strategies":[266],"optimizing":[268],"for":[271],"areas":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}