{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195754329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163219","title":"Remote Sensing of Ecosystem Structure\u2014Part 2: Initial Findings of Ecosystem Functioning through Intra- and Inter-Annual Comparisons with Earth Observation Data","display_name":"Remote Sensing of Ecosystem Structure\u2014Part 2: Initial Findings of Ecosystem Functioning through Intra- and Inter-Annual Comparisons with Earth Observation Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195754329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163219","mag":"3195754329"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13163219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163219","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3219/pdf?version=1629714863","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3219/pdf?version=1629714863","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014721310","display_name":"Daniel L. Peters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1619-7621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342547582","display_name":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/026ny0e17","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342547582","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel L. Peters","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada","Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, University of Victoria Queenswood Campus, 2474 Arbutus Road, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, University of Victoria Queenswood Campus, 2474 Arbutus Road, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342547582","https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111423745","display_name":"K. Olaf Niemann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Olaf Niemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001024157","display_name":"Robert Skelly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Skelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8N 1V8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014721310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342547582","https://openalex.org/I212119943"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8431,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74378976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"16","first_page":"3219","last_page":"3219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10779","display_name":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7724599242210388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetically-active-radiation","display_name":"Photosynthetically active radiation","score":0.6861482858657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetland","display_name":"Wetland","score":0.6684764623641968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem","display_name":"Ecosystem","score":0.6162657737731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flooding","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","score":0.5691799521446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.44234007596969604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"Leaf area index","score":0.4138180911540985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3701891601085663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3278893828392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19230669736862183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1527116298675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.14659833908081055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7724599242210388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131366478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900892","display_name":"Photosynthetically active radiation","level":3,"score":0.6861482858657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.6684764623641968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.6162657737731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186594467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429176","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5691799521446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.44234007596969604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.4138180911540985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3701891601085663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3278893828392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19230669736862183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1527116298675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.14659833908081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13163219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163219","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3219/pdf?version=1629714863","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f2008c7acaf6483197165d2706252cc3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f2008c7acaf6483197165d2706252cc3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 16, p 3219 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uvic.ca:1828/13279","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/13279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401509","display_name":"UVic\u2019s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","host_organization_name":"University of Victoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/16/3219/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 16; Pages: 3219","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13163219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163219","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3219/pdf?version=1629714863","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4271005809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCC Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325263","funder_display_name":"Environment and Climate Change Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5140701563","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310932","funder_display_name":"University of Victoria"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310932","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325263","display_name":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/026ny0e17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195754329.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195754329.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513636204","https://openalex.org/W1967248741","https://openalex.org/W1968810733","https://openalex.org/W1971637299","https://openalex.org/W1971997642","https://openalex.org/W1974902368","https://openalex.org/W1976775789","https://openalex.org/W1980124673","https://openalex.org/W2042280332","https://openalex.org/W2059523177","https://openalex.org/W2077509829","https://openalex.org/W2083053342","https://openalex.org/W2086931641","https://openalex.org/W2089095510","https://openalex.org/W2091493105","https://openalex.org/W2092722122","https://openalex.org/W2094420085","https://openalex.org/W2106762734","https://openalex.org/W2132406085","https://openalex.org/W2134559739","https://openalex.org/W2153598078","https://openalex.org/W2238042570","https://openalex.org/W2336807904","https://openalex.org/W2477757217","https://openalex.org/W2485610636","https://openalex.org/W2522684742","https://openalex.org/W2617056706","https://openalex.org/W2728545374","https://openalex.org/W2963144957","https://openalex.org/W2973190233","https://openalex.org/W3013711054","https://openalex.org/W3022095253","https://openalex.org/W3036218142","https://openalex.org/W3107256251","https://openalex.org/W3109304350","https://openalex.org/W4386343170","https://openalex.org/W6675720533","https://openalex.org/W6721909708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2768064775","https://openalex.org/W4311134476","https://openalex.org/W3145861538","https://openalex.org/W2357732990","https://openalex.org/W2094923725","https://openalex.org/W2137294844","https://openalex.org/W2162420611","https://openalex.org/W4312845347","https://openalex.org/W207940357","https://openalex.org/W2188316124"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,145,150],"examines":[2],"the":[3,30,54,58,89,98,101,107,113,116,123,134,147,175,182,185],"response":[4,105,183,192],"of":[5,24,32,100,106,115,136,177],"a":[6,65,69,79,142,152,199],"cold-regions":[7],"deltaic":[8],"wetland":[9,47],"ecosystem":[10],"in":[11,181],"northwestern":[12],"Canada":[13],"to":[14,28,43,96,184,190],"two":[15],"separate":[16],"and":[17,42,49,73,122,161,193],"differing":[18],"seasonal":[19,46],"wetting":[20,102],"cycles.":[21,103],"The":[22,61,104,149],"goal":[23],"this":[25,195],"paper":[26],"was":[27,110],"examine":[29],"nature":[31],"reflected":[33],"electromagnetic":[34],"energy":[35],"measured":[36],"by":[37,57,68,83,146],"earth":[38],"observation":[39],"(EO)":[40],"satellites,":[41],"assess":[44],"whether":[45],"hydroperiod":[48],"episodic":[50],"flooding":[51],"events":[52],"impact":[53],"information":[55],"retrieved":[56],"Sentinel-2":[59],"sensors.":[60],"year":[62,66,80],"2018":[63],"represents":[64,78],"characterized":[67,81],"large":[70],"spring":[71],"freshet":[72],"ice-jam":[74],"flooding,":[75],"while":[76],"2019":[77],"more":[82],"summer":[84],"open-water":[85],"flooding.":[86],"We":[87],"applied":[88,189],"Modified":[90],"Normalized":[91],"Difference":[92],"Wetness":[93],"Index":[94,126],"(MNDWI)":[95],"address":[97],"effects":[99],"vegetative":[108],"cover":[109,137],"tracked":[111],"using":[112],"fraction":[114],"absorbed":[117],"photosynthetically":[118],"active":[119],"radiation":[120],"(fAPAR)":[121],"Leaf":[124],"Area":[125],"(LAI).":[127],"All":[128],"three":[129],"indices":[130],"were":[131],"viewed":[132],"through":[133,141],"lens":[135],"classes":[138],"as":[139],"derived":[140],"previously":[143],"published":[144],"authors.":[148],"provides":[151],"framework":[153],"for":[154],"designing":[155],"longer-term":[156],"studies":[157,172],"where":[158],"multiple":[159],"intra-":[160],"inter-annual":[162],"hydrological":[163],"cycles":[164],"can":[165],"be":[166],"accessed":[167],"via":[168],"EO":[169,196],"data.":[170],"Future":[171],"will":[173],"enable":[174],"examination":[176],"lag":[178],"times":[179],"inherent":[180],"various":[186],"water":[187],"sources":[188],"spectral":[191],"incorporate":[194],"approach":[197],"into":[198],"monitoring":[200],"framework.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}