{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160474315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","title":"Seismic Interferometry from Correlated Noise Sources","display_name":"Seismic Interferometry from Correlated Noise Sources","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160474315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","mag":"3160474315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13142703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2703/pdf?version=1626059958","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2703/pdf?version=1626059958","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Daniella Ayala-Garcia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniella Ayala-Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andrew Curtis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1222-1583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Curtis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michal Branicki","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125680101","display_name":"Turing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02x2mw849","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125680101"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128584","display_name":"The Alan Turing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/035dkdb55","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128584"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Branicki","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK","The Alan Turing Institute for Data Science, London NW1 2DB, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Alan Turing Institute for Data Science, London NW1 2DB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125680101","https://openalex.org/I4210128584"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.6087,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88634398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"14","first_page":"2703","last_page":"2703"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10271","display_name":"Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.7074000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-noise","display_name":"Seismic noise","score":0.6858999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-interferometry","display_name":"Seismic interferometry","score":0.659500002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambient-noise-level","display_name":"Ambient noise level","score":0.5965999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.5339000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncorrelated","display_name":"Uncorrelated","score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-seismic","display_name":"Passive seismic","score":0.39079999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.7074000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30947920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133491","display_name":"Seismic noise","level":2,"score":0.6858999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109417826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7446966","display_name":"Seismic interferometry","level":3,"score":0.659500002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205312793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16002801","display_name":"Ambient noise level","level":3,"score":0.5965999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5692999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.5339000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.45260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4262999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169345407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8216221","display_name":"Uncorrelated","level":2,"score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048443","display_name":"Passive seismic","level":2,"score":0.39079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.3752000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187612029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083130","display_name":"Noise floor","level":4,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33347731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285210","display_name":"Stacking","level":2,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781353297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1748361","display_name":"Traffic noise","level":3,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100675267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1371624","display_name":"Background noise","level":2,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2554999887943268}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13142703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2703/pdf?version=1626059958","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:openaire/b0ebea52-81d6-4bbd-8591-46f8facea563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/b0ebea52-81d6-4bbd-8591-46f8facea563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922455","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ayala-garcia, D, Curtis, A & Branicki, M 2021, 'Seismic Interferometry from Correlated Noise Sources', Remote Sensing, vol. 13, no. 14, 2703. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2105.07250","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.07250","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.07250","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/b0ebea52-81d6-4bbd-8591-46f8facea563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11820/b0ebea52-81d6-4bbd-8591-46f8facea563","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2703","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400321","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","host_organization_name":"University of Edinburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ayala-garcia, D, Curtis, A & Branicki, M 2021, 'Seismic Interferometry from Correlated Noise Sources', Remote Sensing, vol. 13, no. 14, 2703. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fb661721319544a6a9a5c9f71695f43e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fb661721319544a6a9a5c9f71695f43e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 14, p 2703 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/14/2703/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 14; Pages: 2703","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13142703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142703","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2703/pdf?version=1626059958","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5199560978","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PCTRES","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326089","funder_display_name":"Instituto Mexicano del Petr\u00f3leo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326089","display_name":"Instituto Mexicano del Petr\u00f3leo","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160474315.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160474315.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481910409","https://openalex.org/W1594311617","https://openalex.org/W1964390351","https://openalex.org/W1966645837","https://openalex.org/W1968668841","https://openalex.org/W1969804623","https://openalex.org/W1986739614","https://openalex.org/W1999406405","https://openalex.org/W2033233252","https://openalex.org/W2036318149","https://openalex.org/W2037434592","https://openalex.org/W2037660454","https://openalex.org/W2040373515","https://openalex.org/W2057516589","https://openalex.org/W2065126285","https://openalex.org/W2066769475","https://openalex.org/W2067271112","https://openalex.org/W2069888882","https://openalex.org/W2074604051","https://openalex.org/W2080450385","https://openalex.org/W2082475316","https://openalex.org/W2087356678","https://openalex.org/W2096366035","https://openalex.org/W2103399609","https://openalex.org/W2105171943","https://openalex.org/W2115318388","https://openalex.org/W2116088047","https://openalex.org/W2116144140","https://openalex.org/W2124793784","https://openalex.org/W2131972691","https://openalex.org/W2137999334","https://openalex.org/W2140003922","https://openalex.org/W2143270121","https://openalex.org/W2146089020","https://openalex.org/W2148046719","https://openalex.org/W2149022715","https://openalex.org/W2151974147","https://openalex.org/W2154597056","https://openalex.org/W2160567428","https://openalex.org/W2160717452","https://openalex.org/W2162785501","https://openalex.org/W2170875916","https://openalex.org/W2295547786","https://openalex.org/W2314649904","https://openalex.org/W2560106254","https://openalex.org/W2967500288","https://openalex.org/W3000622288","https://openalex.org/W3033831681","https://openalex.org/W3121534378","https://openalex.org/W3122962208","https://openalex.org/W4233260081"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,31,54],"a":[2,32,200],"well-established":[3],"principle":[4],"that":[5,35,70,79,134,149,182,203],"cross-correlating":[6],"seismic":[7,29],"observations":[8],"at":[9],"different":[10],"receiver":[11],"locations":[12],"can":[13,36,217],"yield":[14],"estimates":[15],"of":[16,47,74,82,211],"band-limited":[17],"inter-receiver":[18],"Green\u2019s":[19,25,128],"functions.":[20],"This":[21,193],"principle,":[22],"known":[23],"as":[24,94],"function":[26,129],"retrieval":[27],"or":[28,160],"interferometry,":[30],"powerful":[33],"technique":[34],"transform":[37],"noise":[38,63,76,83,91,156,213,246],"into":[39],"signals":[40],"which":[41],"enable":[42],"remote":[43],"interrogation":[44],"and":[45,57,98,106,226,232],"imaging":[46],"the":[48,67,80,112,127,163,176,191,209],"Earth\u2019s":[49],"subsurface.":[50],"In":[51],"practice":[52],"it":[53,239],"often":[55],"necessary":[56],"even":[58],"desirable":[59],"to":[60,111,120,131,167,198,240],"rely":[61],"on":[62],"already":[64,223],"present":[65],"in":[66,86,104,108,145,183,220,244],"environment.":[68],"Theory":[69],"underpins":[71],"many":[72,89],"applications":[73],"ambient":[75,234,245],"interferometry":[77],"assumes":[78],"sources":[81,92,125],"are":[84,101,152],"uncorrelated":[85,233],"time.":[87],"However,":[88],"real-world":[90],"such":[93],"trains,":[95],"highway":[96],"traffic":[97],"ocean":[99],"waves":[100],"inherently":[102],"correlated":[103,123,212,231],"space":[105],"time,":[107],"direct":[109],"contradiction":[110],"these":[113,150],"theoretical":[114],"foundations.":[115],"Applying":[116],"standard":[117],"interferometric":[118],"techniques":[119],"recordings":[121],"from":[122,208,229],"energy":[124],"makes":[126],"liable":[130],"estimation":[132],"errors":[133,151],"so":[135],"far":[136],"have":[137],"not":[138,189],"been":[139],"fully":[140],"accounted":[141],"for":[142,154],"theoretically":[143],"nor":[144],"practice.":[146],"We":[147],"show":[148],"significant":[153],"common":[155],"sources,":[157],"always":[158],"perturbing":[159],"entirely":[161],"obscuring":[162],"phase":[164,177],"one":[165],"wishes":[166],"retrieve.":[168],"Our":[169,215],"analysis":[170],"explains":[171],"why":[172],"stacking":[173,187],"may":[174],"reduce":[175],"errors,":[178],"but":[179],"also":[180],"shows":[181],"commonly":[184],"encountered":[185],"circumstances":[186],"will":[188],"remediate":[190],"problem.":[192],"analytical":[194],"insight":[195],"allowed":[196],"us":[197],"develop":[199],"novel":[201],"workflow":[202],"significantly":[204],"mitigates":[205],"effects":[206],"arising":[207],"use":[210],"sources.":[214],"methodology":[216],"be":[218,241],"used":[219],"conjunction":[221],"with":[222],"existing":[224],"approaches,":[225],"improves":[227],"results":[228],"both":[230],"noise.":[235],"Hence,":[236],"we":[237],"expect":[238],"widely":[242],"applicable":[243],"studies.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2021-05-24T00:00:00"}