{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3178620868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142671","title":"Deep Learning for Automated Detection and Identification of Migrating American Eel Anguilla rostrata from Imaging Sonar Data","display_name":"Deep Learning for Automated Detection and Identification of Migrating American Eel Anguilla rostrata from Imaging Sonar Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3178620868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142671","mag":"3178620868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13142671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142671","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2671/pdf?version=1625658707","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2671/pdf?version=1625658707","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046420328","display_name":"Xiaoqin Zang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8570-2789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqin Zang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003062911","display_name":"Tianzhixi Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-4309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianzhixi Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069250943","display_name":"Zhangshuan Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9388-6060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangshuan Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038461995","display_name":"Robert P. Mueller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6837-2589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert P. Mueller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047295549","display_name":"Zhiqun Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8300-8766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqun Daniel Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072293549","display_name":"Paul T. Jacobson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-8129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335486098","display_name":"Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqztz06","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335486098"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul T. Jacobson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335486098"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072293549"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335486098"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.4478,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96016033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"14","first_page":"2671","last_page":"2671"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10302","display_name":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10302","display_name":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12014","display_name":"Fish biology, ecology, and behavior","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anguilla-rostrata","display_name":"Anguilla rostrata","score":0.9287446737289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sonar","display_name":"Sonar","score":0.6436532735824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6182714104652405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5257578492164612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46995022892951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3762311637401581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3728179931640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fishery","display_name":"Fishery","score":0.36666083335876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32139718532562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.11151477694511414}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909653074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q469632","display_name":"Anguilla rostrata","level":2,"score":0.9287446737289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555745239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133220","display_name":"Sonar","level":2,"score":0.6436532735824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6182714104652405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5257578492164612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46995022892951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3762311637401581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3728179931640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.36666083335876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32139718532562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11151477694511414}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13142671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142671","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2671/pdf?version=1625658707","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:773eba26cd2b47118b18bb38cd3bb04a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/773eba26cd2b47118b18bb38cd3bb04a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 14, p 2671 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/14/2671/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 14; Pages: 2671","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1808592","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1808592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1811666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1811666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13142671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142671","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2671/pdf?version=1625658707","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3178620868.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3178620868.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1538131130","https://openalex.org/W1982003131","https://openalex.org/W1986830331","https://openalex.org/W2064058899","https://openalex.org/W2077600263","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2112942233","https://openalex.org/W2116930408","https://openalex.org/W2136159701","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2171357473","https://openalex.org/W2171486897","https://openalex.org/W2186155590","https://openalex.org/W2294567968","https://openalex.org/W2312472723","https://openalex.org/W2467328526","https://openalex.org/W2589085805","https://openalex.org/W2592357068","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2626143631","https://openalex.org/W2790861087","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2953909388","https://openalex.org/W2954932437","https://openalex.org/W2955624416","https://openalex.org/W2965302232","https://openalex.org/W3004451163","https://openalex.org/W3005879071","https://openalex.org/W3017855299","https://openalex.org/W3133191822","https://openalex.org/W4255272544","https://openalex.org/W6632100814","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6696879442"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023895865","https://openalex.org/W2099515673","https://openalex.org/W417972424","https://openalex.org/W2423754898","https://openalex.org/W2059451857","https://openalex.org/W2273848913","https://openalex.org/W2313525436","https://openalex.org/W2937347940","https://openalex.org/W1996719503","https://openalex.org/W2120905560"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adult":[0],"American":[1,61],"eels":[2,62,79],"(Anguilla":[3],"rostrata)":[4],"are":[5],"vulnerable":[6],"to":[7,19,73,84,96],"hydropower":[8],"turbine":[9],"mortality":[10],"during":[11],"outmigration":[12],"from":[13,63,111],"growth":[14],"habitat":[15],"in":[16],"inland":[17],"waters":[18],"the":[20,125,138,143,147],"ocean":[21],"where":[22],"they":[23],"spawn.":[24],"Imaging":[25],"sonar":[26,64,98],"is":[27,42],"a":[28,52,112],"reliable":[29],"and":[30,38,80,91,106,129],"proven":[31],"technology":[32],"for":[33,47,56,121],"monitoring":[34],"of":[35,59,78,119,154],"fish":[36],"passage":[37],"migration;":[39],"however,":[40],"there":[41],"no":[43],"efficient":[44],"automated":[45,57],"method":[46,67],"eel":[48],"detection.":[49],"We":[50],"designed":[51],"deep":[53],"learning":[54],"model":[55,102,126],"detection":[58],"adult":[60],"data.":[65],"The":[66,100],"employs":[68],"convolution":[69],"neural":[70],"network":[71],"(CNN)":[72],"distinguish":[74],"between":[75],"14":[76],"images":[77],"non-eel":[81],"objects.":[82],"Prior":[83],"image":[85],"classification":[86],"with":[87,152],"CNN,":[88],"background":[89],"subtraction":[90],"wavelet":[92],"denoising":[93],"were":[94,135],"applied":[95],"enhance":[97],"images.":[99],"CNN":[101],"was":[103,127,150],"first":[104],"trained":[105,128],"tested":[107,130],"on":[108,131,142],"data":[109,133],"obtained":[110,136],"laboratory":[113],"experiment,":[114],"which":[115],"yielded":[116],"overall":[117],"accuracies":[118],"&gt;98%":[120],"image-based":[122],"classification.":[123],"Then,":[124],"field":[132],"that":[134,153],"near":[137],"Iroquois":[139],"Dam":[140],"located":[141],"St.":[144],"Lawrence":[145],"River;":[146],"accuracy":[148],"achieved":[149],"commensurate":[151],"human":[155],"experts.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2021-07-19T00:00:00"}
