{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3183163180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132569","title":"Application of M5 Model Tree in Passive Remote Sensing of Thin Ice Cloud Microphysical Properties in Terahertz Region","display_name":"Application of M5 Model Tree in Passive Remote Sensing of Thin Ice Cloud Microphysical Properties in Terahertz Region","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3183163180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132569","mag":"3183163180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13132569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132569","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2569/pdf?version=1625200141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2569/pdf?version=1625200141","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040479777","display_name":"Pingyi Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4302-6062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingyi Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349600","display_name":"Liu L","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9330-4315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056474824","display_name":"Shulei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2201-9699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shulei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109492706","display_name":"Shuai Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110783260","display_name":"Lingbing Bu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9971-3486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingbing Bu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100349600"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.451,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63146894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"13","first_page":"2569","last_page":"2569"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.6231130361557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.5927232503890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness-temperature","display_name":"Brightness temperature","score":0.5865904092788696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-cloud","display_name":"Ice cloud","score":0.5354716181755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5310856103897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.516725480556488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-radiative-transfer-codes","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","score":0.5099524259567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.4627954959869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.39486026763916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.38849636912345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2727736234664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2665472626686096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20646032691001892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.09368297457695007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.6231130361557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.5927232503890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53802167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4538627","display_name":"Brightness temperature","level":3,"score":0.5865904092788696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776120014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12119193","display_name":"Ice cloud","level":3,"score":0.5354716181755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5310856103897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.516725480556488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2353151","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","level":3,"score":0.5099524259567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.4627954959869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.39486026763916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.38849636912345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2727736234664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2665472626686096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20646032691001892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.09368297457695007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13132569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132569","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2569/pdf?version=1625200141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7bb08b2b3ae044f38c09aa0b18cfceb6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7bb08b2b3ae044f38c09aa0b18cfceb6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 13, p 2569 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/13/2569/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13132569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 13; Pages: 2569","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13132569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132569","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2569/pdf?version=1625200141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8044916219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41875025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3183163180.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3183163180.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529460506","https://openalex.org/W1641999574","https://openalex.org/W1966446229","https://openalex.org/W1971560394","https://openalex.org/W1978757601","https://openalex.org/W1994846930","https://openalex.org/W2007074726","https://openalex.org/W2010639102","https://openalex.org/W2021739398","https://openalex.org/W2057535796","https://openalex.org/W2062630842","https://openalex.org/W2062698725","https://openalex.org/W2062710439","https://openalex.org/W2083511168","https://openalex.org/W2087550825","https://openalex.org/W2093583240","https://openalex.org/W2101773405","https://openalex.org/W2129647991","https://openalex.org/W2138311249","https://openalex.org/W2140672778","https://openalex.org/W2160625059","https://openalex.org/W2175576470","https://openalex.org/W2176088789","https://openalex.org/W2180528852","https://openalex.org/W2526630573","https://openalex.org/W2740322427","https://openalex.org/W2762349719","https://openalex.org/W2966565459","https://openalex.org/W2982210645","https://openalex.org/W3016988880","https://openalex.org/W3112114300","https://openalex.org/W3129478385","https://openalex.org/W3148010252","https://openalex.org/W3199913925","https://openalex.org/W6653278582","https://openalex.org/W6779791537"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983414154","https://openalex.org/W2540909290","https://openalex.org/W2111586823","https://openalex.org/W2390005173","https://openalex.org/W3143274352","https://openalex.org/W2042943922","https://openalex.org/W4251071582","https://openalex.org/W2917267944","https://openalex.org/W2112864752","https://openalex.org/W2001550323"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,82,191],"new":[4],"method":[5,194],"for":[6,74,113],"retrieving":[7],"the":[8,13,33,43,57,75,89,108,111,129,135,148,154,160,165,174,184,199,214,217,224,230,235],"Ice":[9],"Water":[10],"Path":[11],"(IWP),":[12],"median":[14],"volume":[15],"equivalent":[16],"sphere":[17],"diameter":[18],"(Dme)":[19],"of":[20,84,91,107,138,153,162,216],"thin":[21,114,175],"ice":[22,44,115,176],"clouds":[23,45,116,177],"(IWP":[24],"&lt;":[25,29],"100":[26],"g/m2,":[27],"Dme":[28,112,127,180],"80":[30],"\u03bcm)":[31],"in":[32,164,188],"Terahertz":[34,189],"band.":[35],"The":[36,63,98,141,209],"upwelling":[37],"brightness":[38,93,131,156],"temperature":[39,94,132,157],"depressions":[40,95],"caused":[41],"by":[42,56,103,120,240],"at":[46,183],"325.15,":[47],"448.0,":[48],"664.0":[49,204],"and":[50,96,110,126,133,179,203,223,229],"874.0":[51],"GHz":[52,145,202,207,221],"channels":[53,187],"are":[54,69,101,227],"simulated":[55,64,92,130],"Atmospheric":[58],"Radiative":[59],"Transfer":[60],"Simulator":[61],"(ARTS).":[62],"forward":[65,166],"radiative":[66,167],"transfer":[67,168],"models":[68],"taken":[70],"as":[71],"historical":[72],"data":[73],"M5":[76],"model":[77],"tree":[78],"algorithm":[79],"to":[80,159,172],"construct":[81],"set":[83],"piecewise":[85],"functions":[86],"which":[87,117],"represent":[88],"relation":[90,106],"IWP.":[97],"inversion":[99,136,193,226,232],"results":[100,215,233],"optimized":[102],"an":[104],"empirical":[105],"IWP":[109,125,163,178,231],"is":[118],"summarized":[119],"previous":[121,241],"studies.":[122,242],"We":[123],"inverse":[124],"with":[128],"analyze":[134],"performance":[137],"selected":[139],"channels.":[140],"874.4":[142,218],"\u00b1":[143,205,219],"6.0":[144,220],"channel":[146,222],"provides":[147],"most":[149],"accurate":[150],"results,":[151],"because":[152],"strong":[155],"response":[158],"change":[161],"model.":[169],"In":[170],"order":[171],"improve":[173],"retrieval":[181],"accuracy":[182],"middle-high":[185],"frequency":[186],"band,":[190],"dual-channel":[192,225],"was":[195],"proposed":[196,239],"that":[197,213],"combines":[198],"448.0\u00b1":[200],"3.0":[201],"4.2":[206],"channel.":[208],"error":[210,236],"analysis":[211],"shows":[212],"reliable,":[228],"meet":[234],"requirement":[237],"range":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2021-08-02T00:00:00"}
