{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3176930515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132514","title":"An Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Total Variation Regularization and Projection Constraint with Applications in Ground-Penetrating Radar Inversion: A Model Simulation Study","display_name":"An Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Total Variation Regularization and Projection Constraint with Applications in Ground-Penetrating Radar Inversion: A Model Simulation Study","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3176930515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132514","mag":"3176930515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13132514","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132514","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2514/pdf?version=1624962277","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2514/pdf?version=1624962277","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111664801","display_name":"Qianwei Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4420-9239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianwei Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China","School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396888","display_name":"Hao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3134-8881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China","School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091267934","display_name":"Bin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-9560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China","School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091267934"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.8675,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83957835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"13","first_page":"2514","last_page":"2514"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.6186769008636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5964163541793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5779292583465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5513149499893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.5446237921714783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-optimum","display_name":"Local optimum","score":0.466370165348053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.4472792148590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2534715533256531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11604759097099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10108613967895508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.6186769008636475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5964163541793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5779292583465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5513149499893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.5446237921714783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141934464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305386","display_name":"Local optimum","level":2,"score":0.466370165348053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4472792148590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2534715533256531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11604759097099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10108613967895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13132514","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132514","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2514/pdf?version=1624962277","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7f9d880b7de248bda9c130300fa7cc87","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7f9d880b7de248bda9c130300fa7cc87","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 13, p 2514 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/13/2514/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13132514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 13; Pages: 2514","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13132514","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132514","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2514/pdf?version=1624962277","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4361732266","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019zzts646","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335880","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6440005981","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018JJ3636","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6954823453","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41704128; 41874148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335880","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3176930515.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3176930515.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560921017","https://openalex.org/W1590246422","https://openalex.org/W1845690909","https://openalex.org/W1850000976","https://openalex.org/W1965228296","https://openalex.org/W1966891351","https://openalex.org/W1968644110","https://openalex.org/W1968915050","https://openalex.org/W1972150100","https://openalex.org/W1980430496","https://openalex.org/W1989907524","https://openalex.org/W2005089986","https://openalex.org/W2008544824","https://openalex.org/W2020461703","https://openalex.org/W2023058330","https://openalex.org/W2023870576","https://openalex.org/W2024430261","https://openalex.org/W2040167422","https://openalex.org/W2048235403","https://openalex.org/W2048862735","https://openalex.org/W2058509841","https://openalex.org/W2063206421","https://openalex.org/W2078319647","https://openalex.org/W2079507452","https://openalex.org/W2084346361","https://openalex.org/W2103559027","https://openalex.org/W2107604145","https://openalex.org/W2108676232","https://openalex.org/W2114334669","https://openalex.org/W2116653773","https://openalex.org/W2116830348","https://openalex.org/W2122238162","https://openalex.org/W2122325233","https://openalex.org/W2125282090","https://openalex.org/W2130604180","https://openalex.org/W2137454227","https://openalex.org/W2142058898","https://openalex.org/W2142063750","https://openalex.org/W2142224912","https://openalex.org/W2145113795","https://openalex.org/W2145597414","https://openalex.org/W2150870530","https://openalex.org/W2167400582","https://openalex.org/W2169245194","https://openalex.org/W2539968177","https://openalex.org/W2551170338","https://openalex.org/W2609666297","https://openalex.org/W2728885777","https://openalex.org/W2769308728","https://openalex.org/W2792613911","https://openalex.org/W2803729096","https://openalex.org/W2947679247","https://openalex.org/W2954656434","https://openalex.org/W2966278466","https://openalex.org/W3040125981","https://openalex.org/W3042807583","https://openalex.org/W3080371574","https://openalex.org/W3096535643","https://openalex.org/W3119118381","https://openalex.org/W6638374719","https://openalex.org/W6641559243","https://openalex.org/W6675999727","https://openalex.org/W6676058556","https://openalex.org/W6682642761","https://openalex.org/W6684237752","https://openalex.org/W6736937975"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2992415251","https://openalex.org/W4283765137","https://openalex.org/W2390808588","https://openalex.org/W1980470275","https://openalex.org/W2086322839","https://openalex.org/W3019402777","https://openalex.org/W1934426788","https://openalex.org/W2998284541","https://openalex.org/W2997067626","https://openalex.org/W2045438354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,210],"chaos":[1],"oscillation":[2],"particle":[3,61],"swarm":[4],"optimization":[5,159],"(COPSO)":[6],"algorithm":[7,98,231,251],"is":[8,232,252],"prone":[9],"to":[10,81,109,156,161,177,202,236,256],"binge":[11],"trapped":[12],"in":[13,23,45,135,145],"the":[14,46,56,66,71,112,119,128,132,136,146,158,165,168,180,204,207,213,221,224,229,240,244,249],"local":[15],"optima":[16],"when":[17],"dealing":[18],"with":[19,220],"certain":[20],"complex":[21],"models":[22,195],"ground-penetrating":[24],"radar":[25],"(GPR)":[26],"data":[27],"inversion,":[28],"because":[29],"it":[30],"inherently":[31],"suffers":[32],"from":[33,234,254],"premature":[34,169],"convergence,":[35],"high":[36],"computational":[37],"costs,":[38],"and":[39,48,70,90,123,171,183,196],"extremely":[40],"slow":[41],"convergence":[42,72,170],"times,":[43],"especially":[44],"middle":[47],"later":[49],"periods":[50],"of":[51,114,131,164,206,212,228,248],"iterative":[52],"inversion.":[53],"Considering":[54],"that":[55,99,218],"bilateral":[57],"connections":[58],"between":[59],"different":[60],"positions":[62,113],"can":[63,139,149,174],"improve":[64],"both":[65],"algorithmic":[67],"searching":[68],"efficiency":[69],"performance,":[73],"we":[74],"first":[75],"develop":[76],"a":[77,93,106,197],"fast":[78],"single-trace-based":[79],"approach":[80],"construct":[82],"an":[83],"initial":[84],"model":[85,201,216,243],"for":[86,239],"2-D":[87],"PSO":[88,96],"inversion":[89,181,189],"then":[91],"propose":[92],"TV-regularization-based":[94],"improved":[95],"(TVIPSO)":[97],"employs":[100],"total":[101],"variation":[102],"(TV)":[103],"regularization":[104,155],"as":[105],"constraint":[107],"technique":[108],"adaptively":[110],"update":[111],"particles.":[115],"B":[116],"by":[117],"adding":[118],"new":[120],"velocity":[121],"variations":[122],"optimal":[124],"step":[125],"size":[126],"matrices,":[127],"search":[129,147,160],"range":[130],"random":[133],"particles":[134],"solution":[137],"space":[138],"be":[140,150,175],"significantly":[141],"reduced,":[142],"meaning":[143],"blindness":[144],"process":[148],"avoided.":[151],"By":[152],"introducing":[153],"constraint-oriented":[154],"allow":[157],"move":[162],"out":[163],"inaccurate":[166],"region,":[167],"blurring":[172],"problems":[173],"mitigated":[176],"further":[178],"guarantee":[179],"accuracy":[182],"efficiency.":[184],"We":[185],"report":[186],"on":[187],"three":[188],"experiments":[190],"involving":[191],"multilayered,":[192],"fluctuated":[193,214],"terrain":[194,215],"typical":[198],"complicated":[199,241],"inner-interface":[200,242],"demonstrate":[203],"performance":[205],"proposed":[208],"algorithm.":[209],"results":[211],"show":[217],"compared":[219],"COPSO":[222],"algorithm,":[223],"fitness":[225,245],"error":[226,246],"(MAE)":[227],"TVIPSO":[230,250],"reduced":[233,253],"2.3715":[235],"1.0921,":[237],"while":[238],"(MARE)":[247],"1.9539":[255],"1.5674.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-07-05T00:00:00"}