{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3169177049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112147","title":"Forest Height Estimation from a Robust TomoSAR Method in the Case of Small Tomographic Aperture with Airborne Dataset at L-Band","display_name":"Forest Height Estimation from a Robust TomoSAR Method in the Case of Small Tomographic Aperture with Airborne Dataset at L-Band","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3169177049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112147","mag":"3169177049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13112147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112147","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2147/pdf?version=1622519201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2147/pdf?version=1622519201","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025878407","display_name":"Xing Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9240-6347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109960961","display_name":"Xinwu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0953-3618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinwu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021276157","display_name":"Yanan Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-564X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanan Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-564X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082102192","display_name":"Qinghua Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4293-3354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4293-3354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082102192"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":6.5692,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96320221,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"2147","last_page":"2147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6070684194564819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5065702199935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5043846368789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomographic-reconstruction","display_name":"Tomographic reconstruction","score":0.4965360760688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4859563112258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47839415073394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4674540162086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.33622655272483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3020254969596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23655188083648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.22138258814811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19744053483009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.089458167552948}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6070684194564819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5065702199935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5043846368789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97742081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7820109","display_name":"Tomographic reconstruction","level":3,"score":0.4965360760688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4859563112258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47839415073394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4674540162086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33622655272483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3020254969596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23655188083648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.22138258814811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19744053483009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.089458167552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13112147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112147","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2147/pdf?version=1622519201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6bb7fc3207e34aa0a3a75aa18a4d2ca2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6bb7fc3207e34aa0a3a75aa18a4d2ca2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 2147 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/11/2147/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13112147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13112147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112147","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2147/pdf?version=1622519201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1947662260","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XDA19070202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2911335591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41804004,41820104005, 41804003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3695176397","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41804004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6302620426","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41804003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8134266152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41820104005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328899","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3169177049.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3169177049.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1942315616","https://openalex.org/W1981263865","https://openalex.org/W2001470990","https://openalex.org/W2021070329","https://openalex.org/W2048289234","https://openalex.org/W2057214661","https://openalex.org/W2063522293","https://openalex.org/W2082306459","https://openalex.org/W2101748122","https://openalex.org/W2109467012","https://openalex.org/W2112855412","https://openalex.org/W2118005898","https://openalex.org/W2136855629","https://openalex.org/W2153567056","https://openalex.org/W2233187166","https://openalex.org/W2528434646","https://openalex.org/W2547576515","https://openalex.org/W2547897456","https://openalex.org/W2548972062","https://openalex.org/W2611926958","https://openalex.org/W2613211097","https://openalex.org/W2753574521","https://openalex.org/W2755835216","https://openalex.org/W2769480240","https://openalex.org/W2793481186","https://openalex.org/W2796881305","https://openalex.org/W2810029008","https://openalex.org/W2941860729","https://openalex.org/W2946697985","https://openalex.org/W2969494821","https://openalex.org/W2998858673","https://openalex.org/W3007069953","https://openalex.org/W3124055002","https://openalex.org/W3126598122","https://openalex.org/W3130706690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W4366700029","https://openalex.org/W4285230481","https://openalex.org/W4385769873","https://openalex.org/W2015759683","https://openalex.org/W4281634296","https://openalex.org/W4319161863","https://openalex.org/W2371687270","https://openalex.org/W4307819175","https://openalex.org/W4252699458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Forest":[0],"height":[1,139,231],"is":[2,69,254],"an":[3],"essential":[4],"input":[5],"parameter":[6],"for":[7,92,197],"forest":[8,33,38,138,216,230],"biomass":[9],"estimation,":[10],"ecological":[11],"modeling,":[12],"and":[13,59,153,238,242],"the":[14,37,63,66,73,87,99,102,108,112,119,123,134,137,142,154,157,160,164,184,190,204,211,215,218,229,236,243,247,258],"carbon":[15],"cycle.":[16],"Tomographic":[17],"synthetic":[18],"aperture":[19],"radar":[20],"(TomoSAR),":[21],"as":[22],"a":[23,53,76,167,172,224],"three-dimensional":[24],"imaging":[25],"technique,":[26],"has":[27,46],"already":[28],"been":[29,47],"successfully":[30],"used":[31],"in":[32,50,72,111,163,209,221],"areas":[34,222],"to":[35],"retrieve":[36],"height.":[39],"The":[40,95,200],"nonparametric":[41],"iterative":[42],"adaptive":[43],"approach":[44,97],"(IAA)":[45],"recently":[48],"introduced":[49],"TomoSAR,":[51],"achieving":[52],"good":[54],"compromise":[55],"between":[56],"high":[57],"resolution":[58],"computing":[60],"efficiency.":[61],"However,":[62],"performance":[64],"of":[65,75,101,122,136,147,159,166,174,214,246],"IAA":[67,89,103,143,219,239,259],"algorithm":[68,91,206,220,249,260],"significantly":[70],"degraded":[71],"case":[74,165],"small":[77,168,225],"tomographic":[78,169,179,226],"aperture.":[79,170,227],"To":[80],"overcome":[81],"this":[82,84],"shortcoming,":[83],"paper":[85],"proposes":[86],"robust":[88],"(RIAA)":[90],"SAR":[93,180],"tomography.":[94],"proposed":[96],"follows":[98],"framework":[100],"algorithm,":[104],"but":[105],"also":[106],"considers":[107],"noise":[109],"term":[110],"covariance":[113,124],"matrix":[114,125],"estimation.":[115],"By":[116],"doing":[117],"so,":[118],"condition":[120],"number":[121,173],"can":[126],"be":[127],"prevented":[128],"from":[129,183],"being":[130],"too":[131],"large,":[132],"improving":[133],"robustness":[135],"estimation":[140,244],"with":[141,223,261],"algorithm.":[144],"A":[145],"set":[146],"simulated":[148],"experiments":[149],"was":[150,232,250],"carried":[151],"out,":[152],"results":[155,201],"validated":[156],"superiority":[158],"RIAA":[161,205,237,248],"estimator":[162],"Moreover,":[171],"fully":[175],"polarimetric":[176],"L-band":[177],"airborne":[178],"images":[181],"acquired":[182],"ESA":[185],"BioSAR":[186],"2008":[187],"campaign":[188],"over":[189],"Krycklan":[191],"Catchment,":[192],"Northern":[193],"Sweden,":[194],"were":[195],"collected":[196],"test":[198],"purposes.":[199],"showed":[202],"that":[203],"performed":[207],"better":[208],"reconstructing":[210],"vertical":[212],"structure":[213],"than":[217,257],"Finally,":[228],"estimated":[233],"by":[234],"both":[235],"TomoSAR":[240],"methods,":[241],"accuracy":[245],"2.01":[251],"m,":[252],"which":[253],"more":[255],"accurate":[256],"3.25":[262],"m.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
