{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3164179232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13102012","title":"Evaluation of the Effective Microstructure Parameter of the Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpack for Multiple-Layer Snow","display_name":"Evaluation of the Effective Microstructure Parameter of the Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpack for Multiple-Layer Snow","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3164179232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13102012","mag":"3164179232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13102012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13102012","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/10/2012/pdf?version=1621514556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/10/2012/pdf?version=1621514556","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079661591","display_name":"Yue Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0155-5588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069344383","display_name":"Jinmei Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2726-771X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinmei Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006636279","display_name":"Jiancheng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-2912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiancheng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069344383"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.1205,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46510688,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"10","first_page":"2012","last_page":"2012"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.9185572266578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snowpack","display_name":"Snowpack","score":0.9135644435882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"Microstructure","score":0.6419856548309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5865975618362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5528436303138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.4448617398738861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness-temperature","display_name":"Brightness temperature","score":0.43991535902023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow-field","display_name":"Snow field","score":0.411212682723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.3752976655960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.34721559286117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34478938579559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.25443875789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.22099259495735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.1960417628288269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow-cover","display_name":"Snow cover","score":0.18974870443344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11067679524421692}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.9185572266578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778877292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18575846","display_name":"Snowpack","level":3,"score":0.9135644435882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.6419856548309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5865975618362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5528436303138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.4448617398738861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53802167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4538627","display_name":"Brightness temperature","level":3,"score":0.43991535902023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82544793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365419","display_name":"Snow field","level":4,"score":0.411212682723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.3752976655960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.34721559286117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34478938579559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.25443875789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.22099259495735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.1960417628288269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983043445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow cover","level":3,"score":0.18974870443344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11067679524421692}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13102012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13102012","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/10/2012/pdf?version=1621514556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:071b725aca49401699a231de6c2fcbfd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/071b725aca49401699a231de6c2fcbfd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 10, p 2012 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/10/2012/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13102012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 10; Pages: 2012","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13102012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13102012","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/10/2012/pdf?version=1621514556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3164179232.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3164179232.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59078114","https://openalex.org/W1244545783","https://openalex.org/W1573842823","https://openalex.org/W1968771481","https://openalex.org/W1975420730","https://openalex.org/W1987288027","https://openalex.org/W1998463807","https://openalex.org/W2014036620","https://openalex.org/W2029604816","https://openalex.org/W2035377721","https://openalex.org/W2036842696","https://openalex.org/W2048382474","https://openalex.org/W2049307092","https://openalex.org/W2052312814","https://openalex.org/W2056924803","https://openalex.org/W2079700539","https://openalex.org/W2080367660","https://openalex.org/W2084187322","https://openalex.org/W2087341643","https://openalex.org/W2090430602","https://openalex.org/W2100184881","https://openalex.org/W2106920307","https://openalex.org/W2111951939","https://openalex.org/W2121903748","https://openalex.org/W2136366922","https://openalex.org/W2147679049","https://openalex.org/W2155986922","https://openalex.org/W2164448908","https://openalex.org/W2165383220","https://openalex.org/W2167038679","https://openalex.org/W2171126990","https://openalex.org/W2293697985","https://openalex.org/W2562602163","https://openalex.org/W2570633972","https://openalex.org/W2774397744","https://openalex.org/W2793938331","https://openalex.org/W2809395391","https://openalex.org/W3005171405","https://openalex.org/W3073967817","https://openalex.org/W3138018738","https://openalex.org/W4253947012","https://openalex.org/W6747237026"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W253341182","https://openalex.org/W3170438605","https://openalex.org/W2334725915","https://openalex.org/W2282506930","https://openalex.org/W2050853938","https://openalex.org/W2038298935","https://openalex.org/W2794575618","https://openalex.org/W2187012855","https://openalex.org/W2112640626","https://openalex.org/W2110091907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Natural":[0],"snow,":[1,255],"one":[2],"of":[3,8,33,45,79,96,119,161,206,248,259,286,289],"the":[4,9,31,72,85,103,110,116,131,142,159,162,166,172,175,185,190,196,200,207,222,236,246,249,269,273],"most":[5,38],"important":[6,182],"components":[7],"cryosphere,":[10],"is":[11,26,42,61,181,261],"fundamentally":[12],"a":[13,21,49,77,211,256,281],"layered":[14,73,97],"medium.":[15],"In":[16,63],"forward":[17],"simulation":[18],"and":[19,58,134,171,177,202,233,299],"retrieval,":[20],"single-layer":[22,80,120,167],"effective":[23,168,237],"microstructure":[24,169,215,238],"parameter":[25,41,216,239],"widely":[27],"used":[28,101,219,265],"to":[29,70,76,183,220,228,241,263,266,296,311],"represent":[30],"emission":[32,94],"multiple-layer":[34,191],"snowpacks.":[35],"However,":[36],"in":[37,158],"cases,":[39],"this":[40,64],"fitted":[43],"instead":[44,205],"calculated":[46,194],"based":[47,244],"on":[48,245],"physical":[50],"theory.":[51],"The":[52,122,146,277],"uncertainty":[53],"under":[54],"different":[55,68],"frequencies,":[56],"polarizations,":[57],"snow":[59,74,107,127,136,192,197,214,250,308],"conditions":[60],"uncertain.":[62],"study,":[65],"we":[66],"explored":[67],"methods":[69,123],"reduce":[71],"properties":[75],"set":[78],"values":[81],"that":[82,149,154],"can":[83,217],"reproduce":[84],"same":[86,186],"brightness":[87],"temperature":[88],"(TB)":[89],"signal.":[90],"A":[91],"validated":[92,133],"microwave":[93,274],"model":[95,138],"snowpack":[98],"(MEMLS)":[99],"was":[100,113],"as":[102,189],"modelling":[104],"tool.":[105],"Multiple-layer":[106],"TB":[108,118,164,288],"from":[109,130],"snow\u2019s":[111,144],"surface":[112,270],"compared":[114],"with":[115],"bulk":[117,163,287],"snow.":[121],"were":[124],"tested":[125],"using":[126,195],"profile":[128],"samples":[129],"locally":[132],"global":[135],"process":[137],"simulations,":[139],"which":[140],"follow":[141],"natural":[143],"characteristics.":[145],"results":[147],"showed":[148],"there":[150],"are":[151],"two":[152],"factors":[153],"play":[155],"critical":[156],"roles":[157],"stability":[160],"error,":[165],"parameter,":[170],"reflectivity":[173,188],"at":[174,199,226,294,304],"air\u2013snow":[176],"snow\u2013soil":[178],"boundaries.":[179],"It":[180],"use":[184],"boundary":[187],"case":[193],"density":[198],"topmost":[201],"bottommost":[203],"layers":[204,271],"average":[208,213],"density.":[209],"Afterwards,":[210],"mass-weighted":[212],"be":[218,242,264],"calculate":[221],"volume":[223],"scattering":[224],"coefficient":[225],"10.65":[227,295],"23.8":[229],"GHz.":[230],"At":[231],"36.5":[232,297],"89":[234,305],"GHz,":[235],"needs":[240],"retrieved":[243],"product":[247],"layer":[251],"transmissivity.":[252],"For":[253],"thick":[254],"cut-off":[257],"threshold":[258],"1/e":[260],"suggested":[262],"include":[267],"only":[268],"within":[272],"penetration":[275],"depth.":[276],"optimal":[278],"method":[279],"provides":[280],"root":[282],"mean":[283],"squared":[284],"error":[285],"less":[290,300],"than":[291,301],"5":[292],"K":[293,303],"GHz":[298,306],"10":[302],"for":[307],"depths":[309],"up":[310],"130":[312],"cm.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2021-06-07T00:00:00"}
