{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3140405504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071281","title":"Convective Boundary Layer Clouds as Observed with Ground-Based Lidar at a Mid-Latitude Plain Site","display_name":"Convective Boundary Layer Clouds as Observed with Ground-Based Lidar at a Mid-Latitude Plain Site","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3140405504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071281","mag":"3140405504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13071281","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071281","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1281/pdf?version=1617937348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1281/pdf?version=1617937348","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003856942","display_name":"Yifan Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-8864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016757829","display_name":"Fan Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8368-5081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fan Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056621671","display_name":"Fuchao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-8876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuchao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064736633","display_name":"Yunpeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-3226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunpeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050473785","display_name":"Changming Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8996-4217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changming Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078438044","display_name":"Jun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-6645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016757829"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.5544,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63968132,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"7","first_page":"1281","last_page":"1281"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5213869214057922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-layer","display_name":"Boundary layer","score":0.5079053044319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.492587149143219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convective-boundary-layer","display_name":"Convective Boundary Layer","score":0.48227789998054504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-base","display_name":"Cloud base","score":0.46780991554260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.46307194232940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-vapor","display_name":"Water vapor","score":0.441841185092926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4075965881347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planetary-boundary-layer","display_name":"Planetary boundary layer","score":0.33942124247550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3267045021057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2675071954727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.17604172229766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.13972458243370056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11961176991462708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.09268945455551147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5213869214057922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111603439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752193","display_name":"Boundary layer","level":2,"score":0.5079053044319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.492587149143219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780063094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752193","display_name":"Convective Boundary Layer","level":4,"score":0.48227789998054504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174548603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781211","display_name":"Cloud base","level":3,"score":0.46780991554260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.46307194232940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147534773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190120","display_name":"Water vapor","level":2,"score":0.441841185092926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4075965881347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86338904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757268","display_name":"Planetary boundary layer","level":3,"score":0.33942124247550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3267045021057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2675071954727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.17604172229766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.13972458243370056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11961176991462708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.09268945455551147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13071281","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071281","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1281/pdf?version=1617937348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6c5c0a7e25874b21a4a9be2d2ab41f75","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6c5c0a7e25874b21a4a9be2d2ab41f75","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 7, p 1281 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/7/1281/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13071281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 7; Pages: 1281","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13071281","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071281","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1281/pdf?version=1617937348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3454999556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41927804","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3140405504.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3140405504.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483660436","https://openalex.org/W1494444932","https://openalex.org/W1551705797","https://openalex.org/W1883859813","https://openalex.org/W1965788570","https://openalex.org/W1969583657","https://openalex.org/W1976899003","https://openalex.org/W1978173563","https://openalex.org/W1979062883","https://openalex.org/W1983545043","https://openalex.org/W1984927819","https://openalex.org/W1993735150","https://openalex.org/W2001418107","https://openalex.org/W2003948648","https://openalex.org/W2004584297","https://openalex.org/W2007040778","https://openalex.org/W2011189209","https://openalex.org/W2017070381","https://openalex.org/W2019012369","https://openalex.org/W2021316282","https://openalex.org/W2021738619","https://openalex.org/W2021761729","https://openalex.org/W2025051238","https://openalex.org/W2031894925","https://openalex.org/W2043496753","https://openalex.org/W2051720476","https://openalex.org/W2051971694","https://openalex.org/W2060562515","https://openalex.org/W2062421616","https://openalex.org/W2077122445","https://openalex.org/W2083884462","https://openalex.org/W2087199341","https://openalex.org/W2095193678","https://openalex.org/W2097750168","https://openalex.org/W2100276861","https://openalex.org/W2104903852","https://openalex.org/W2106163523","https://openalex.org/W2113684912","https://openalex.org/W2117659426","https://openalex.org/W2120802181","https://openalex.org/W2123846295","https://openalex.org/W2139129411","https://openalex.org/W2162915715","https://openalex.org/W2165076741","https://openalex.org/W2169986856","https://openalex.org/W2172539357","https://openalex.org/W2180419514","https://openalex.org/W2192683891","https://openalex.org/W2587328645","https://openalex.org/W2738808504","https://openalex.org/W2747210351","https://openalex.org/W2756485029","https://openalex.org/W2795895216","https://openalex.org/W2899727052","https://openalex.org/W2995391538","https://openalex.org/W3024443050","https://openalex.org/W3115239824","https://openalex.org/W3135517498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W154698609","https://openalex.org/W100874949","https://openalex.org/W2369783186","https://openalex.org/W4247892739","https://openalex.org/W2441838117","https://openalex.org/W1969544535","https://openalex.org/W2988434349","https://openalex.org/W2522264709","https://openalex.org/W2146231238","https://openalex.org/W4229459846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"total":[1],"of":[2,12,31,59,67,72,80,84,95,141,151],"3047":[3],"individual":[4],"shallow":[5,24,144],"cumuli":[6,25,86,145],"were":[7,87],"identified":[8],"from":[9,110],"9":[10],"years":[11],"polarization":[13],"lidar":[14,118],"measurements":[15],"(2011\u20132019)":[16],"at":[17,27],"Wuhan,":[18],"China":[19],"(30.5\u00b0N,":[20],"114.4\u00b0E).":[21],"These":[22],"fair-weather":[23],"occurred":[26],"the":[28,32,41,47,81,101,111,114,117,142,149],"top":[29],"edge":[30],"convective":[33],"boundary":[34],"layer":[35],"between":[36],"April":[37],"and":[38,62,158],"October":[39],"with":[40,125],"maximum":[42],"occurrence":[43],"in":[44,132],"July":[45],"over":[46],"30\u00b0N":[48],"plain":[49],"site.":[50],"They":[51],"persisted":[52],"mostly":[53],"(&gt;92%)":[54],"for":[55],"a":[56,64],"short":[57],"period":[58],"~1\u201310":[60],"min":[61],"had":[63],"geometrical":[65],"thickness":[66],"~50\u2013600":[68],"m":[69,92],"(a":[70,93],"mean":[71,94],"209":[73],"\u00b1":[74,97],"138":[75],"m).":[76],"The":[77],"majority":[78],"(&gt;94%)":[79],"cloud":[82,115],"bases":[83],"these":[85],"found":[88],"to":[89,113,137],"appear":[90],"~50\u2013560":[91],"308":[96],"254":[98],"m)":[99],"above":[100],"lifting":[102],"condensation":[103,131],"level":[104],"(LCL).":[105],"In":[106],"this":[107,133],"height":[108],"range":[109],"LCL":[112],"base,":[116],"volume":[119],"depolarization":[120],"ratio":[121,162],"(\u03b4\u03b4V)":[122],"slightly":[123],"decreased":[124],"increasing":[126,130],"height,":[127],"showing":[128],"gradually":[129],"sub-cloud":[134],"region":[135],"due":[136],"penetrative":[138],"thermals.":[139],"Most":[140],"observed":[143],"(79%)":[146],"formed":[147],"under":[148],"conditions":[150],"high":[152],"near-surface":[153],"air":[154],"temperature":[155],"(&gt;30":[156],"\u00b0C)":[157],"water":[159],"vapor":[160],"mixing":[161],"(&gt;15":[163],"g":[164],"kg\u22121).":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-04-13T00:00:00"}
