{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3136248301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061159","title":"Influencing Factors in Estimation of Leaf Angle Distribution of an Individual Tree from Terrestrial Laser Scanning Data","display_name":"Influencing Factors in Estimation of Leaf Angle Distribution of an Individual Tree from Terrestrial Laser Scanning Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3136248301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061159","mag":"3136248301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13061159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061159","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1159/pdf?version=1616149761","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1159/pdf?version=1616149761","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101590249","display_name":"Hailan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9325-2463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050072653","display_name":"Ronghai Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-2483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronghai Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107597668","display_name":"Guangjian Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-748X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guangjian Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079610547","display_name":"Shiyu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5556-989X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiyu Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779111","display_name":"Fan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7105-5365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069389278","display_name":"Jianbo Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6601-7882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbo Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022044383","display_name":"Linyuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8237-7076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linyuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069103302","display_name":"Donghui Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3923-6056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghui Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082646129","display_name":"Xihan Mu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-3045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xihan Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107597668"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.7296,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65772106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"6","first_page":"1159","last_page":"1159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.7321805953979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.704764723777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanner","display_name":"Scanner","score":0.6874511241912842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4873715043067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.4246969521045685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.41204720735549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.41167619824409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3459290862083435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22429746389389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19651055335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.1912403404712677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14105719327926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1362423598766327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.11015325784683228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09408354759216309}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.7321805953979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.704764723777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474480","display_name":"Scanner","level":2,"score":0.6874511241912842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4873715043067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.4246969521045685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.41204720735549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.41167619824409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3459290862083435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22429746389389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19651055335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.1912403404712677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14105719327926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1362423598766327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.11015325784683228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09408354759216309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13061159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061159","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1159/pdf?version=1616149761","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1284b25524bd4062bb3e1e390f9d29d9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1284b25524bd4062bb3e1e390f9d29d9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 6, p 1159 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/6/1159/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 6; Pages: 1159","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13061159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061159","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1159/pdf?version=1616149761","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3224897918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42090013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7808720928","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41901288","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3136248301.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3136248301.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W862736949","https://openalex.org/W1485225207","https://openalex.org/W1978991768","https://openalex.org/W1983818779","https://openalex.org/W1989561113","https://openalex.org/W2003944446","https://openalex.org/W2010358643","https://openalex.org/W2020017010","https://openalex.org/W2028584895","https://openalex.org/W2038617433","https://openalex.org/W2044135054","https://openalex.org/W2055985452","https://openalex.org/W2067488548","https://openalex.org/W2083546778","https://openalex.org/W2087047858","https://openalex.org/W2090958907","https://openalex.org/W2094208106","https://openalex.org/W2102228204","https://openalex.org/W2114348788","https://openalex.org/W2123844500","https://openalex.org/W2136245122","https://openalex.org/W2138126656","https://openalex.org/W2151647593","https://openalex.org/W2152424523","https://openalex.org/W2161925775","https://openalex.org/W2163478020","https://openalex.org/W2194745211","https://openalex.org/W2196463553","https://openalex.org/W2198862886","https://openalex.org/W2471093432","https://openalex.org/W2475593558","https://openalex.org/W2524295009","https://openalex.org/W2578006807","https://openalex.org/W2582886723","https://openalex.org/W2720122378","https://openalex.org/W2734268260","https://openalex.org/W2744949162","https://openalex.org/W2788960441","https://openalex.org/W2887023624","https://openalex.org/W2891665163","https://openalex.org/W2895391828","https://openalex.org/W2899890956","https://openalex.org/W2900062227","https://openalex.org/W2903772126","https://openalex.org/W2905511257","https://openalex.org/W2908560465","https://openalex.org/W2908563588","https://openalex.org/W2912001813","https://openalex.org/W2981001962","https://openalex.org/W2982657414","https://openalex.org/W2983905514","https://openalex.org/W2998423712","https://openalex.org/W3013666356","https://openalex.org/W3025898282","https://openalex.org/W3035914275","https://openalex.org/W3086443039","https://openalex.org/W3106046197","https://openalex.org/W3124054352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088131065","https://openalex.org/W2005998065","https://openalex.org/W2001220299","https://openalex.org/W897367340","https://openalex.org/W4323518558","https://openalex.org/W3196715007","https://openalex.org/W2366440988","https://openalex.org/W4399030596","https://openalex.org/W2358582870","https://openalex.org/W4293059742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Leaf":[0],"angle":[1],"distribution":[2],"(LAD)":[3],"is":[4,63,72,169,179,219,248],"an":[5,78,163],"important":[6,64],"attribute":[7],"of":[8,55,81,92,113,117,128,134,198,204,229],"forest":[9],"canopy":[10],"architecture":[11],"and":[12,46,57,121,136,143,178,186],"affects":[13],"the":[14,19,38,53,83,90,93,97,103,110,126,129,132,137,141,149,156,167,173,183,187,192,211,213,217,223,227,232],"solar":[15],"radiation":[16],"regime":[17],"within":[18],"canopy.":[20],"Terrestrial":[21],"laser":[22],"scanning":[23,45],"(TLS)":[24],"has":[25,239],"been":[26,241],"increasingly":[27],"used":[28,153],"in":[29,244,266],"LAD":[30,84,98,142,236],"estimation.":[31],"The":[32,190],"point":[33,106,130,184,193],"clouds":[34,107],"data":[35,112],"suffer":[36,255],"from":[37,256],"occlusion":[39,94,164,188,260],"effect,":[40,261],"which":[41,71,238,262],"leads":[42],"to":[43,65,68,154,207,222],"incomplete":[44],"depends":[47],"on":[48,96,140],"measurement":[49],"strategies":[50],"such":[51],"as":[52],"number":[54,133,197,228],"scans":[56,135],"scanner":[58,138,224,233],"location.":[59],"Evaluating":[60],"these":[61],"factors":[62],"understand":[66],"how":[67],"improve":[69],"LAD,":[70],"still":[73],"lacking.":[74],"Here,":[75],"we":[76],"introduce":[77],"easy":[79],"way":[80],"estimating":[82],"using":[85],"open":[86],"source":[87],"software.":[88],"Importantly,":[89],"influence":[91],"effect":[95],"was":[99],"evaluated":[100],"by":[101,172,182],"combining":[102],"proposed":[104],"complete":[105],"(CPCs)":[108],"with":[109],"simulated":[111],"3D":[114],"tree":[115],"models":[116],"Aspen,":[118],"Pin":[119],"Oak":[120],"White":[122],"Oak.":[123],"We":[124],"analyzed":[125],"effects":[127],"density,":[131],"height":[139,234],"G-function.":[144],"Results":[145],"show":[146],"that:":[147],"(1)":[148],"CPC":[150],"can":[151],"be":[152],"evaluate":[155],"TLS-based":[157],"normal":[158,174],"vector":[159,175],"reconstruction":[160,176],"accuracy":[161,168],"without":[162],"effect;":[165],"(2)":[166],"slightly":[170],"affected":[171,181],"method":[177],"greatly":[180],"density":[185,194],"effect.":[189],"higher":[191],"(with":[195],"a":[196,257],"points":[199],"per":[200],"unit":[201],"leaf":[202],"area":[203],"0.2":[205],"cm\u22122":[206,209],"27":[208],"tested),":[210],"better":[212],"result":[214],"is;":[215],"(3)":[216],"performance":[218],"more":[220,258],"sensitive":[221],"location":[225],"than":[226],"scans.":[230],"Increasing":[231],"improves":[235],"estimation,":[237],"not":[240],"seriously":[242],"considered":[243],"previous":[245],"studies.":[246],"It":[247],"worth":[249],"noting":[250],"that":[251],"relatively":[252],"tall":[253],"trees":[254],"severe":[259],"deserves":[263],"further":[264,267],"attention":[265],"study.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2021-03-29T00:00:00"}