{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3129800495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040758","title":"Estimating the Daily NO2 Concentration with High Spatial Resolution in the Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei Region Using an Ensemble Learning Model","display_name":"Estimating the Daily NO2 Concentration with High Spatial Resolution in the Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei Region Using an Ensemble Learning Model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3129800495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040758","mag":"3129800495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/758/pdf?version=1614248362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/758/pdf?version=1614248362","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027916070","display_name":"Yanding Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanding Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101980309","display_name":"Chen Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1324-1375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155611","display_name":"Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04e698d63","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Economic &amp; Technical Cooperation and Exchange Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Economic &amp; Technical Cooperation and Exchange Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075438515","display_name":"Zhaorong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3158-3902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhaorong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075438515"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.3102,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76740297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"758","last_page":"758"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.721613883972168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beijing","display_name":"Beijing","score":0.5446826815605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.38729581236839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.380860835313797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.3612514138221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2908976674079895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.721613883972168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.5446826815605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.38729581236839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.380860835313797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3612514138221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2908976674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/758/pdf?version=1614248362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a4abfb401e834910a7ade03807823257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a4abfb401e834910a7ade03807823257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 758 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/4/758/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 4; Pages: 758","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/758/pdf?version=1614248362","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3129800495.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3129800495.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971356321","https://openalex.org/W1992739954","https://openalex.org/W2007179080","https://openalex.org/W2041334659","https://openalex.org/W2053404990","https://openalex.org/W2073718390","https://openalex.org/W2079752744","https://openalex.org/W2087714650","https://openalex.org/W2096540377","https://openalex.org/W2099325681","https://openalex.org/W2101982704","https://openalex.org/W2115569900","https://openalex.org/W2288470020","https://openalex.org/W2291282024","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2297827415","https://openalex.org/W2321814524","https://openalex.org/W2330583268","https://openalex.org/W2351838424","https://openalex.org/W2361537487","https://openalex.org/W2365923886","https://openalex.org/W2409430606","https://openalex.org/W2605745243","https://openalex.org/W2616584304","https://openalex.org/W2755897961","https://openalex.org/W2767085346","https://openalex.org/W2792404378","https://openalex.org/W2801493073","https://openalex.org/W2898407312","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912750253","https://openalex.org/W2938908453","https://openalex.org/W2949537223","https://openalex.org/W2955244952","https://openalex.org/W2967080987","https://openalex.org/W2990989151","https://openalex.org/W2996331566","https://openalex.org/W2998927076","https://openalex.org/W3003562520","https://openalex.org/W3011009617","https://openalex.org/W3072681182","https://openalex.org/W3102476541","https://openalex.org/W6967097665","https://openalex.org/W7062533384"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2015747722","https://openalex.org/W2362050182","https://openalex.org/W2382418233","https://openalex.org/W2369897927","https://openalex.org/W3031731056","https://openalex.org/W4293167957","https://openalex.org/W2361035307","https://openalex.org/W2380455807","https://openalex.org/W2993975634"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nitrogen":[0],"dioxide":[1],"(NO2)":[2],"is":[3,209],"an":[4],"important":[5],"pollutant":[6],"related":[7],"to":[8,28,137,145],"human":[9,18],"activities,":[10],"which":[11],"has":[12,227],"short-term":[13],"and":[14,26,39,62,78,102,152,158,176,214,238],"long-term":[15],"effects":[16,112],"on":[17],"health.":[19],"An":[20],"ensemble":[21,66,89,224],"learning":[22,67,225],"model":[23,68,90,208,226],"was":[24,100,108,178],"constructed":[25],"applied":[27,252],"estimate":[29],"daily":[30],"NO2":[31,49,130,141,162,195,201,234],"concentrations":[32],"in":[33,148,164,172,183,230,245,263],"the":[34,79,85,95,103,116,119,126,155,161,165,173,184,187,193,200,207,223,231,242],"Beijing\u2013Tianjin\u2013Hebei":[35],"region":[36,167],"between":[37],"2010":[38,136],"2016.":[40,138],"A":[41],"variety":[42],"of":[43,81,97,105,186,206,233],"predictive":[44],"variables":[45],"included":[46],"satellite-based":[47],"troposphere":[48],"vertical":[50],"column":[51],"concentration,":[52],"meteorology,":[53],"elevation,":[54],"gross":[55],"domestic":[56],"product":[57],"(GDP),":[58],"population,":[59],"land-use":[60],"variables,":[61],"road":[63],"network.":[64],"The":[65,88,128,139,204],"achieved":[69],"two":[70],"things:":[71],"a":[72,179,250],"0.01\u00b0":[73,75],"\u00d7":[74],"grid":[76],"resolution":[77],"estimation":[80,131,142],"historical":[82],"data":[83],"for":[84,253,256,260],"years":[86],"2010\u20132013.":[87],"showed":[91,132],"good":[92],"performance,":[93],"whereby":[94],"R2":[96,104],"tenfold":[98],"cross-validation":[99],"0.72":[101],"test":[106],"validation":[107],"0.71.":[109],"Meteorological":[110],"hysteretic":[111],"were":[113,168,197],"incorporated":[114],"into":[115],"model,":[117],"where":[118],"one-day":[120],"lagged":[121],"boundary":[122],"layer":[123],"height":[124],"contributed":[125],"most.":[127],"annual":[129,156,194],"little":[133],"change":[134],"from":[135,143],"seasonal":[140,159],"highest":[144],"lowest":[146],"occurred":[147],"winter,":[149],"autumn,":[150],"spring,":[151],"summer.":[153],"In":[154,190],"maps":[157],"maps,":[160],"estimations":[163,196],"northwest":[166],"lower":[169],"than":[170,199],"those":[171],"southeast":[174],"region,":[175],"there":[177],"heavily":[180],"polluted":[181],"band":[182],"south":[185],"Taihang":[188],"Mountains.":[189],"coastal":[191],"areas,":[192],"higher":[198],"monitored":[202],"values.":[203,218],"drawback":[205],"underestimation":[210],"at":[211,216],"high":[212,236],"values":[213],"overestimation":[215],"low":[217],"This":[219],"study":[220,247],"indicates":[221],"that":[222],"excellent":[228],"performance":[229],"simulation":[232],"with":[235],"spatial":[237],"temporal":[239],"resolution.":[240],"Furthermore,":[241],"research":[243],"framework":[244],"this":[246],"can":[248],"be":[249],"generally":[251],"drawing":[254],"implications":[255],"other":[257,261],"regions,":[258],"especially":[259],"cities":[262],"China.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}
